OECD/IMHE project Supporting the Contribution of Higher Education Institutions to Regional Development Self-Evaluation Report: Busan, Republic of Korea Jang-soo Ryu, Sung-joon Paik, Dae-shik Lee, Hyun-joong Jun, Eui-soo Cho and Jong-han Kim January 2006 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This self-evaluation report has been created with the help and support of regional partners such as universities in the Busan region, the central government, the regional government, and businesses. There are a total of six authors to this report including a regional co-ordinator and their expertise cover a wide range of fields including economics, education, and sociology. This report would not have been possible without the active help from our regional partners. In preparing the questionnaire the authors referred to many materials, including past OECD reports, and at the same time reflected Busan’s regional characteristics. Questionnaires were distributed to twelve universities in the Busan region to research and analyze each university’s role in regional development. Representatives from all twelve universities participated in the questionnaire review meeting and gave outstanding opinions, and the researchers actively reflected those opinions in creating the final questionnaire. Everybody from the Busan region universities gave sincere answers to the question and provided much data. After creating the self-evaluation report, the authors collected opinions from the regional steering committee, and the regional steering committee authorized the report as Busan’s self-evaluation report. The Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development (MOE) and Busan Metropolitan City gave unreserved support in creating this report. Not only did the MOE judge this project as a means to accurately identify university’s roles for regional development so far, but had plans to promote similar researches in other regions, based on this report. Busan Metropolitan City recognized universities to be very important for a city to become world class. Due to such reasons, the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development and Busan Metropolitan City supported the creation of the report in many ways. This report has been created through the help of active support from regional partners, yet it has some issues to resolve. Business participation was relatively low in this project. The issue was raised in the regional steering committee that businesses should play a more active role in the future. Plus, junior colleges’ role in the Busan region was not a part of this research analysis, and was an area for improvement. Nevertheless this report will be remembered as the most outstanding report that was created with the participation of regional partners from the region. The ‘role of higher education institutions for regional development’ is recently becoming very important in Korea as well, and we wish this report to be remembered as one that analyzed the issue. G ppG Table of Contents Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF BUSAN .......................................................1 G 1. The Geographical Situation.......................................................................................1 2. The Demographic Situation.......................................................................................4 3. The Economic Base...................................................................................................6 4. Governance Structure................................................................................................8 Chapter 2: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM.....................................................................................................10 G 1. Overview of the national system of higher education.............................................10 2. Regional dimension ’inside’ the national higher education policy ..........................16 3. Regional higher education system and governance ................................................18 Chapter 3: CONTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH TO REGIONAL INNOVATION...........................................................................................21 G 1. Framework conditions for promoting research and innovation ..............................21 2. Responding to regional needs and dimensions .......................................................24 3. Interfaces facilitating knowledge exploitation and transfer ....................................30 4. Conclusion...............................................................................................................33 Chapter 4: CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHING & LEARNING TO LABOR MARKET AND SKILLS...........................................................36 G 1. Localizing the learning process...............................................................................36 2. Student integration into the region ..........................................................................38 3. Student Recruitment and Regional Employment ....................................................39 4. Employment promotion activities ...........................................................................41 5. Promoting lifelong learning, continuing professional development and training...42 6. Changing forms of educational provision ...............................................................44 7. Enhancing the regional learning system..................................................................45 8. Conclusion...............................................................................................................46 Chapter 5: CONTRIBUTION TO SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT ................................................48 G 1. Overview .................................................................................................................48 2. Social Development ................................................................................................50 3. Cultural Development .............................................................................................52 4. Environmental Sustainability ..................................................................................56 5. Conclusion...............................................................................................................58 G pppG Chapter 6: CAPACITY BUILDING FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION.......................................................................................60 G 1. Mechanisms to promote HEI-regional involvement ...............................................60 2. Promoting regional dialogue & Joint marketing initiatives ....................................66 3. Evaluating and mapping the impact of the regional HE system .............................67 4. Institutional capacity building for regional involvement ........................................68 5. Human & Financial resources management............................................................70 6. Creating a new organization culture........................................................................70 7. Conclusion...............................................................................................................71 Chapter 7: CONCLUSIONS: MOVING BEYOND THE SELF-EVALUATION...............................................................................73 G BIBLIOGRAPHY .....................................................................................75 Appendix ................................................................................................78 Appendix ................................................................................................93 G p}G List of figures and tables Figures Figure 1.1 Busan within the world ....................................................................................1 Figure 1.2 Busan, second largest city in Korea.................................................................2 Figure 1.3 Administrative map of Busan Metropolitan City.............................................3 Figure 1.4 13 Universities in Busan ..................................................................................4 Figure 1.5 GRDP growth rate in Busan and Korea...........................................................8 Figure 2.1 Higher education system in Korea.................................................................10 Figure 2.2 Higher education budget flow........................................................................14 Figure 2.3 System of Major Laws on Higher Education in Korea..................................15 Figure 2.4 Conceptual framework of NURI project........................................................17 Figure 2.5 The Number of Faculty Members and Students at HEIs in Busan ................19 Figure 5.1 Name of Democracy ......................................................................................48 Figure 5.2 Torch of Democracy ......................................................................................48 Figure 5.3 BEXCO..........................................................................................................53 Figure 5.4 Busan Museum of Modern Art ......................................................................53 Figure 5.5 Performance Facility in Busan.......................................................................53 Figure 5.6 Museums in Busan.........................................................................................54 Figure 6.1 Busan Regional Innovation Committee.........................................................62