ISFD 1E04 - Science and the Shroud Part 1 – The Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) - The Team and Their Science Part 2 - The Post-STURP Era of Shroud Research – 1981 to the Present Barrie Schwortz General Description The objective of Part 1 of this course is to provide students with a clear overview of the STURP team and its members, the team’s genesis and history, the in-depth level of their advance preparation, their actual examination of the cloth in October 1978 and the resulting scientific papers that were generated from their work and ultimately published in refereed scientific journals afterwards. Their cumulative work and conclusions form the primary database of credible scientific knowledge that exists today in the scientific literature and points to the Shroud’s authenticity. The objective of Part 2 of the course is to provide students with a clear overview of the evolution of Shroud research in the post-STURP era. The course covers key events in recent Shroud history, including the 1997 Turin Chapel fire and its repercussions and the 2002 restoration of the Shroud. The course provides access to Shroud research that has been completed in recent years, evaluates its techniques and conclusions and examines the role the internet has played in furthering communication, publication and distribution of data amongst Shroud scholars worldwide. Language of the Course English Learning Outcomes (LO) 1. Overview of the planning, preparation and testing performed by the STURP team in 1978 2. Review of STURP results and conclusions 3. Provide the student with credible, published scientific references for the study of the Shroud 4. Overview of the scientific research that was performed in the post-STURP era Methodology - Classes will be presented remotely via previously recorded lectures Evaluation - The Part 1 final examination will require the student to write an essay answering the question, “What is the importance of Shroud Science to Faith?” - The Part 2 final examination requires the students to write an essay presenting what they believe are the three most important events that occurred in Sindonology since 1981 and explain why. - Each essay should be a minimum of six pages. Class Schedule - To be determined Program and Calendar Part 1 Lesson 1 The Genesis of the STURP Team Lesson 2 STURP Prepares For Turin and the Shroud Lesson 3 The Shroud Arrives and We Begin (Almost) Lesson 4 The STURP Test Plan Lesson 5 Photographic Experiments Lesson 6 X-Radiography Experiments Lesson 7 X-ray Fluorescence Experiments Lesson 8 Infrared and Tape Sampling Experiments Lesson 9 UV Visible Spectroscopy Experiments Lesson 10 So What Do We Know For Sure About the Shroud of Turin? Lesson 11 The 1988 Radiocarbon Dating and STURP Lesson 12 Some Personal Reflections, Your Questions and the Final Exam Part 2 Lesson 13 A Review of the “Bleak” Years (1988-2000) Lesson 14 The Shroud and the Internet Part 1 Lesson 15 The Shroud and the Internet Part 2 Lesson 16 The Shroud and the Internet Part 3 Lesson 17 The Shroud and the Internet Part 4 Lesson 18 The Shroud and the Internet Part 5 Lesson 19 A Long History of Trial by Fire Lesson 20 The 2002 Restoration of the Shroud Lesson 21 Some Important Events, Papers and Articles Part 1 Lesson 22 Some Important Events, Papers and Articles Part 2 Lesson 23 A New Look at the Arizona C14 Samples Lesson 24 Your questions, comments and the Final Exam Allocation of Study Time - To be determined Office Hours By appointment via e-mail: [email protected] Bibliography Part 1 – Primary Source: The Shroud of Turin Research Project, Inc., “Operations Test Plan For Investigating the Shroud of Turin by Electromagnetic Radiation at Various Wavelengths” (STURP Original Test Plan), 1978 Part 1 – Additional Sources: 1. Accetta, J.S. and J.S. Baumgart, "Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy and Thermographic Investigations of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1921-1929. 2. Avis, C., D. Lynn, J. Lorre, S. Lavoie, J. Clark, E. Armstrong, and J. Addington, "Image Processing of the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 554-558. 3. Devan, D. and V. Miller, "Quantitative Photography of the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 548- 553. 4. Ercoline, W.R., R.C. Downs, Jr. and J.P. Jackson, "Examination of the Turin Shroud for Image Distortions," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 576-579. 5. Gilbert, R., Jr. and M.M. Gilbert, "Ultraviolet-Visible Reflectance and Fluorescence Spectra of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1930-1936. 6. Heller, J.H. and A.D. Adler, "Blood on the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 16, 1980, pp. 2742-2744. 7. Heller, J.H. and A.D. Adler, "A Chemical Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," Canadian Society of Forensic Sciences Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1981, pp. 81-103. 8. Jackson, J.P., E.J. Jumper and W.R. Ercoline, "Three Dimensional Characteristic of the Shroud Image," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 559-575. 9. Jackson, J.P., E.J. Jumper, and W.R. Ercoline, "Correlation of Image Intensity on the Turin Shroud with the 3-D Structure of a Human Body Shape," Applied Optics, Vol. 23, No. 14, 1984, pp. 2244-2270. 10. Jumper, E.J. and R.W. Mottern, "Scientific Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, 1980, pp. 1909-1912. 11. Jumper, E.J., "An Overview of the Testing Performed by the Shroud of Turin Research Project with a Summary of Results," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 535-537. 12. Jumper, E.J., A.D. Adler, J.P. Jackson, S.F. Pellicori, J.H. Heller and J.R. Drusik. "A Comprehensive Examination of the Various Stains and Images on the Shroud of Turin," Archaeological Chemistry III, ACS Advances in Chemistry No. 205, J.B. Lambert, Editor, Chapter 22, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1984, pp. 447-476. 13. Miller, V.D. and S.F. Pellicori, "Ultraviolet Fluorescence Photography of the Shroud of Turin," Journal of Biological Photography, Vol. 49, No. 3, 1981, pp. 71-85. 14. Morris, R.A., L.A. Schwalbe and J.R. London, "X-Ray Fluorescence Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," X-Ray Spectrometry, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1980, pp. 40-47. 15. Mottern, R.W., R.J. London and R.A. Morris, "Radiographic Examination of the Shroud of Turin - A Preliminary Report," Materials Evaluation, Vol. 38, No. 12 pp. 39-44. 16. Pellicori, S.F., "Spectral Properties of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1913-1920. 17. Pellicori, S. and M.S. Evans, "The Shroud of Turin Through the Microscope," Archaeology, January/February 1981, pp. 34-43. 18. Pellicori, S.F. and R.A. Chandos, "Portable Unit Permits UV/vis Study of 'Shroud'," Industrial Research and Development, February 1981, pp. 186-189. 19. Schwalbe, L.A. and R.N. Rogers, "Physics and Chemistry of the Shroud of Turin, A Summary of the 1978 Investigation," Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 135, 1982, pp. 3-49. 20. Schwortz, B.M., "Mapping of Research Test-Point Areas on the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 538-547. (Original HTML version with color test points) 20. Schwortz, B.M., "Mapping of Research Test-Point Areas on the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 538-547. (PDF version) Bibliography Part 2 1. Shroud of Turin Website – Shroud History Page – https://www.shroud.com/history.htm 2. Schwortz, Barrie M. - The Role of the Internet in the Future of Shroud Research [June 1998] (From the 1998 Turin Symposium) 3. Shroud of Turin Website - Shroud Spectrum Intn’l - https://www.shroud.com/spectrum.htm 4. Schwortz, Barrie M. - Electronic Archiving and Distribution: The Value of the Internet and CD-ROM Technology - [Sept 1998] (From the Dallas Meeting of American Sindonology) - Almacenamiento y Distribución Electrónica: El Valor de Internet y de la Tecnología en CD-ROM (En Español) 5. Schwortz, Barrie M. - "The Role of the Internet in Current Shroud Research" [June 1999] (From the 1999 Richmond Conference) 6. Schwortz, Barrie M. - Report on the STERA, Inc./University of Arizona Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory Macro Photography - 30 August 2012 [November 21, 2012] Detailed report that includes a selection of macro photographs of one of the remaining Arizona Shroud samples used to date the Shroud in 1988, along with macro photographs of a number of the reference samples they used. 7. ShroudScope on Sindonology.org Website - Mario Latendresse 8. International Center of Studies on the Shroud (CISS) Website 9. Collegamento pro Sindone Website - Maurizio & Emanuela Marinelli 10. British Society for the Turin Shroud (BSTS) Website – David Rolfe Editor 11. Turin Shroud Center of Colorado Website – John Jackson 12. 2014 Bari Workshop Website 13. Sindone 2000 Conference Website – Maurizio & Emanuela Marinelli 14. Centro Español de Sindonología (CES) Website (En Español, French & English) 15. Montre Nous Ton Visage Website (in French) 16. Centro Mexicano de Sindonologia Website (In Spanish) 17. Arabic Language Shroud Website - Fares Melki 18. Ukrainian Language Shroud Website - Oleksandr Fedoriv 19. American Confraternity of the Holy Shroud Website – Catholic Evangelization Ministry 20. Crucifixion and Shroud Studies Website – Dr. Frederick Zugibe 21. The Cause of Jesus' Death Website – Dr. Joseph Bergeron 22. Shroud of Turin Blog – Stephen E.