ISSN 2074–2975 january 2017 № 1 (324) SCIENTIFICALLY-ANALYTICAL JOURNAL Published since 1992 Contents 16+ Political­science Features of modernization of post-Soviet political regimes 5 M. Mammadov The­main­thesis­of­the­author - conservative­modernization­of­post­Soviet­political­ regimes­is­not­the­result­of­speculation,­and­should­be­based­on­the­realities­of­ social­practice. To­substantiate­this­conclusion­the­article­contains­an­exhaustive­bibliography. About the author: MAMMADOV­Muslum­Mursal­oglu­–­Director­of­Communications­Office­ of­Azerbaijan­in­Brussels. Key words:­post­Soviet­regimes,­liberal­democracy,­political­modernization­and­democratic­ transition. Patriotism in words and in deeds 32 V. Shtol The­author­addresses­the­important­topic­of­modern­Russian­society - patriotism­ on­examples­of­the­country’s­history;­shows­how­culture­and­education­affect­the­ issues­of­patriotism­in­a­historical­context. About the author:­SHTOL­Vladimir­V.­–­Doctor­of­Political­Sciences,­Professor,­Head­of­ Regional­Management­IGSU­RANHiGS­under­the­President­of­the­Russian­Federation. Key words:­patriotism,­patriotic­education,­the­history­of­Russia,­the­quality­of­teaching. 1/2017­ ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛЬ–OBSERVER­ 124 . CONTENTS Right-wing populism in Germany: an alarming trend 47 V. Vasilyev The­article­examines­the­problems­of­the­strengthening­of­nationalism,­right­wing­ populism,­and­radicalism­in­Germany,­the­reasons­for­the­popularity­of­the­party­ “The­Alternative­for­Germany”­as­a­phenomenon­in­Germany’s­party­system,­the­ attempts­made­by­the­German­authorities,­the­democratic­parties­and­civil­society­ to­counteract­the­intensification­of­activities­by­the­extremists­and­neo­Nazis.­ About the author:­ VASILYEV­Viktor­I.­–­Dr.­of­Political­Science,­Senior­Researcher,­ Department­of­European­Political­Studies,­Primakov­National­Research­Institute­of­World­ Economy­and­International­Relations­of­the­Russian­Academy­of­Sciences. Keу words:­Euro­integration,­migration,­nationalism,­right­wing­populism,­extremism,­ neonazism,­the­party­“The­Alternative­for­Germany”. Crisis in Socialist party of Spain as reflection of degradation of the European social democracy 66 A. Orlov Taking­as­an­example­the­crisis­in­the­Spanish­Socialist­Labour­Party­where­under­ pressure­of­a­conservative­wing­the­young­and­charismatic­Pedro­Sanchez,­relying­ on­support­of­rank­and­file­members­of­the­party­has­been­forced­to­leave­a­post­of­ the­secretary­general,­the­author­comes­to­a­conclusion­about­the­continuing­ degradation­of­social­democracy­not­only­in­Spain,­but­also­in­the­largest­countries­ of­Europe,­analyzes­causes­and­effects­of­this­phenomenon. About the author:­ ORLOV­Alexander­A.­–­Ph.D­(history),­Director­of­the­Institute­for­ International­Studies­of­MGIMO­MFA­of­Russia,­professor­of­the­Department­of­diplomacy­ of­MGIMO.­ Key words:­social­democracy,­Spain,­Europe,­Germany,­France,­PSOE,­Podemos,­People’s­ party,­crisis,­degradation. The legislative acts on the Russian language in Ukraine. The political analysis 81 E. Abramova, R. Shangaraev The­article­deals­with­the­interconnection­and­interinfluence­of­a­language­and­ national­mentality.­The­paper­contains­the­analysis­of­main­legislative­initiatives­ with­regard­to­the­Russian­language­as­one­of­most­widespread­on­the­Ukrainian­ territory­and­the­language­laws,­adopted­in­the­country­since­1989.­Their­bind­with­ the­civilizational­path­of­development,­determined­for­Ukraine­by­its­government,­ was­revealed.­Western­orientation­of­the­Ukrainian­leadership­provokes­supplanting­ the­Russian­language­from­the­most­spheres­of­social­life.­It­could­significantly­ influence­the­bilateral­relations­between­Russia­and­Ukraine. 125­ ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛЬ–OBSERVER­ 1/2017 . CONTENTS About the authors: ABRAMOVA­Elena­N. –­aspirant,­PhD­student­of­the­Diplomatic­ Academy­of­the­Ministry­of­Foreign­Affairs­of­the­Russian­Federation;­PhD­student­of­ Moscow­technological­University.­ SHANGARAEV­Ruslan­N.­–­PhD,­Research­offıcer­of­the­Diplomatic­Academy­of­the­Ministry­ of­Foreign­Affairs­of­the­Russian­Federation.­ Key words:­Ukraine,­ukrainization,­the­Russian­language. Economics Concept of leadership as seen from the perspective of the theory of transaction costs. World experience and Russian reality 93 A. Kuznetsov, V. Goryacheva The­article­discusses­the­problem­of­choosing­the­concept­of­leadership­in­today’s­ economic­development­associated­with­the­change­of­technological­structure.­The­ authors­studied­the­effect­of­regulatory­agency­in­the­economic­system­and­the­ formation­ of­ institutions;­ they­ explored­ concepts­ of­ servant­ leadership­ and­ dictatorial­leadership,­proposed­the­concept­of­mentor­leadership. In­order­to­verify­the­results­of­theoretical­research,­authors­carried­out­empirical­ study­by­surveying­students­at­Faculty­of­Management­of­Plekhanov­Russian­ University­of­Economics. About the authors: KUZNETSOV­Alexey­V. –­Ph.D.,­assistant­professor­of­political­economy­ and­history­of­economic­science­department,­Plekhanov­Russian­University­of­Economics.­ GORYACHEVA­Varvara­R.­–­a­senior­tutor­of­political­economy­and­history­of­economic­ science­department,­Plekhanov­Russian­University­of­Economics.­ Key words:­ concept­of­leadership,­servant­leadership,­dictatorial­leadership,­mentor­ leadership,­vertical­integration,­social­dilemma. Scientific­life In Spite of the Anti-Russian Sanctions. Fourth International Scientific and Technical Conference “Innovative Designs and Technologies of Nuclear Power” (ISTC NIKIET – 2016) 108 Y. Dragunov, B. Gabaraev, E. Karandina The­conference­has­been­successful­despite­the­anti­Russian­sanctions,­with­a­ much­higher­representation­level­of­foreign­participants,­including­from­countries­ waging­the­“sanction”­war­against­Russia.­This­leads­to­two­important­conclusions.­ First,­ISTC­NIKIET­has­become­a­recognized­international­forum­of­a­great­interest­ to­the­global­community­of­experts­in­development­of­innovative­designs­and­ technologies­for­nuclear­and­thermonuclear­power.­Second,­there­is­a­need­for­ international­cooperation­and­exchange­of­information­in­this­field­despite­any­anti­ Russian­sanctions. 1/2017­ ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛЬ–OBSERVER­ 126 . CONTENTS About the authors: DRAGUNOV­Yury­G.­–­Corresponding­Member­of­the­Russian­Academy­ of­Sciences,­Doctor­of­Science­(Engineering),­Professor,­Honored­Designer­of­the­Russian­ Federation,­Director­–­General­Designer­of­JSC­Research­and­Development­Institute­of­ Power­Engineering­(JSC­NIKIET).­ GABARAEV­Boris­A. –­Doctor­of­Science­(Engineering),­Professor,­Honored­Power­Engineer­ of­the­Russian­Federation,­Chief­Scientist­of­JSC­NIKIET.­ KARANDINA­Elena­A. –­Head­of­JSC­NIKIET’s­Department­for­Scientific­and­Technical­ Information­and­Mass­Media.­ Key words: anti­Russian­sanctions,­international­conference,­nuclear­power,­innovative­ designs­and­technologies,­need­for­international­cooperation Valuable books and manuals for practitioners 118 A. Sizonenko The­ book­ is­ devoted­ to­ the­ richest­ range­ of­ international­ intergovernmental­ negotiation­matters­that­are­history,­practice,­technique,­national­spirit­and­issues.­ Significant­part­of­it­is­dedicated­to­Russian­Federation­negotiations. About the author:­ SIZONENKO­Alexander­I.­–­Doctor­of­Historical­Sciences,­leading­ research­scientist­of­Institute­of­Latin­American­Studies­of­the­Russian­Academy­of­Sciences­ (ILA­RAN). Key words:­intergovernmental­negotiations,­technique,­practice,­national­spirit,­foreign­ states,­Russia. 127­ ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛЬ–OBSERVER­ 1/2017 . ISSN 2074–2975 february 2017 № 2 (325) SCIENTIFICALLY-ANALYTICAL JOURNAL Published since 1992 Contents 16+ The March confession (Thepoem)5 A.Tsvetkov About the author:­TSVETKOV­Anatoly­I.­-­member­of­the­Union­of­Writers­of­Russia. Political­science The social basis of the political stability of the Russian society6 V.Egorov,V.Shtol Based­on­the­analysis­of­statistical­data­the­authors­argue­that­in­a­favorable­and­ stable­socio-economic­environment;­with­the­growth­of­welfare­of­the­population­ with­a­reduction­factor­of­stratification,­the­soil­for­the­appearance­of­the­destructive­ mani­festations­disappear.­The­article­explains­that­the­introduction­of­the­term­ «Russian­people»­is­premature,­as­the­society­is­not­ready. About the authors:­ EGOROV­Vladimir­G.­–­Doctor­of­Historical­Sciences,­Doctor­of­ Economics,­professor,­deputy­head­of­the­Institute­of­CIS­countries. SHTOL­Vladimir­V.­–­Doctor­of­Political­Sciences,­Professor,­Head­of­Regional­Management­ IGSU­RANHiGS­under­the­President­of­the­Russian­Federation. Key words:­quality­of­life,­population­stratification,­the­concept­of­«Russian­people». 25 years of the CIS: certain results and possible prospects 17 V.Evseev,D.Kharitonova The­article­summed­up­the­results­of­the­25-th­anniversary­of­the­Commonwealth­ of­Independent­States,­which­has­passed­a­difficult­way­of­formation­and­develop- 2/2017­ ОБОЗРЕВАТЕЛЬ–OBSERVER­ 122 . CONTENTS ment­in­the­context­of­the­Western­foreign­pressure­and­the­interaction­of­centrifugal­ and­centripetal­factors.­The­reasons­of­the­profound­crisis­within­the­Commonwealth­ in­the­mid-1990s­are­revealed,­which­prompted­Russia­to­the­formation­of­the­CIS­ of­new­international­organizations­on­the­basis­of­post-Soviet­integration­core.­ Based­on­the­analysis­the­conclusion­is­made­that­the­CIS­has­not­yet­exhausted­ its­potential­and­has­some­prospects­for­development­based­on­the­principle­of­ «moving­geometry»­of­multi-level­and­multi-speed­cooperation. About the authors:­EVSEEV­Vladimir­V.­–­Candidate­of­Science­(technics),­Senior­Research­