N LIVERPOOL TUNNELS Dirk Jan Schaap Site_scale 1_1000 URBAN ENTRAILS_ intervention in Liverpool section Kingsway_automobile tunnel waterloo tunnel 900m victoria tunnel 2100m moorfields Spatial system_ Existing artefacts Spatial system_ Circulation lime street ICONS Extra space _ connection Cutting Tower Entrance Route Programm (entrance) james street section liverpool central railway to the west/north lime street tunnel 1200 m section railway to manchester section wapping tunnel 1900 m Queens way_automobile tunnel Original tunnel: Original way of tunneling. Cutting original as opening in Ventilation tower to tunnel, Elements of staircases and An indirect way of covering brickwork tunnel build from the Extra vertical shaft with surface to tunnel, to transport also entry for daylight escalators for a direct way to difference in height. inside by digging out the horizontal connecting as goods overcome difference in height. Combination of escalators, section Limestone soil. Tunnel is layed measuring system and digging staircases and ramps. out between 6 to 20 meters principle sectionsection deep. (depending on elevation of surface) Spatial system_ Existing artefactsSpatial system_ Existing artefacts Spatial system_ CirculationSpatial system_ Circulation 6-20 m ca.8 train tunnel ca.9 Extra space above ground Cutting on trajectory of tunnel Tower as ventilation/light Escalator connected by horizontal shaft ICONS ICONS Extra space _ connection Extra space _ connection Cutting Cutting Tower Tower Entrance Entrance Route Route Programm Programm (entrance) (entrance) Extra space under ground Section in surface to open up Opening for light Staircases connected by horizontal shaft Cutting Structural system_ Programm Original tunnel: Original tunnel: Original way of tunneling. Original way of tunneling. Cutting original as opening in Cutting original as opening in Ventilation tower to tunnel, Ventilation tower to tunnel, Elements of staircases and Elements of Anstaircases indirect andway of covering An indirect way of covering brickwork tunnel build from the brickwork tunnel build from the Extra vertical shaft with Extra vertical shaft with surface to tunnel, to transport surface to tunnel, to transport also entry for daylight also entry for daylight escalators for a direct way to escalators fordifference a direct in way height. to difference in height. inside by digging out the inside by digging out the horizontal connecting as horizontal connecting as goods goods overcome difference in height. overcome differenceCombination in height.of escalators, Combination of escalators, Limestone soil. Tunnel is layed Limestone soil. Tunnel is layed measuring system and digging measuring system and digging staircases and ramps. staircases and ramps. out between 6 to 20 meters out between 6 to 20 meters principle principle deep. (depending on elevation deep. (depending on elevation of surface) of surface) 6-20 m 6-20 m ca.8 ca.8 ca.9 ca.9 Extra space above ground Extra space above ground Cutting on trajectory of tunnel Cutting on trajectory of tunnel Tower as ventilation/light Tower as ventilation/light Escalator Escalator connected by horizontal shaft connected by horizontal shaft Extra space under ground Extra space under ground Section in surface to open up Section in surface to open up Opening for light Opening for light Staircases Staircases connected by horizontal shaft connected by horizontal shaft Cutting Cutting Spatial system_ Structural system_ Programm Structural system_ Programm + + + + + + + + + + + + Spatial system_ Spatial system_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Dirk Jan Schaap_Architecture_Territory in Transit 2009/2010.