PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE s ' T Vol. 43, No. 10 October 1964 To Business Executives Every year a new series of Canada Savings Bonds encourages thousands of Canadians to save a part of what they earn. It introduces for the first time to many of them the idea of in­ vestment ... of making their savings work for them. Often the purchase of a Canada Savings Bond is the first step towards planned long term personal investment programmes which lead directly to greater self-reliance for the individual. These are some of the basic reasons why it is a good thing to encourage Canadians to "Get on the Bond Wagon." They are some of the basic reasons why the Government makes these bonds available. They are the reasons why so many Canadian employers make it possible each year for hundreds of thousands of Canadians to set a savings target and reach it by means of systematic saving through the Payroll Savings Plan. In the past, Canadian employers have co-operated fully in making available the Payroll Savings Plan.Since 1946, when Canada Savings Bonds were first sold, employees have made nearly twelve million payroll purchases of Canada Savings Bonds totalling more than $3� billion. Last year, payroll purchases amounting to $228,680,000 were made by 665,600 employees. The Government of Canada would be most grateful once again this year for your full co-operation in the Payroll Savings Plan which makes such a valuable contribution to the social and economic life of Canada . .. Minister of Finance PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE Vol. 43, No. 10 October, 1964 Published monthly by the Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada 2 Problems of Regional Development (Sauve) President (An outline of the work of the Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development Administration) 5 How The Rocket Gets Its Thrust (Law) (A brief history of rocketry and development of the Black Brant) Secretary-Treasurer­ 8 S. 23. C.60 R.O.Y.T. 1958 (Hughes) A. B. BOWRON (The work of a public administrator in the Yukon Territory) 10 The Definition of A Professional (Discussion of the difficulty of distinguishing between professionals and non professionals when both work alongside each other Executive Secretary for the same employer) � J. H. LEROUX 12 Canada's Scientific Detectives Track Down Meteorite Craters ( Shenstone) (An organized search for Canada's numerous meteorite craters) 18 The Origin of the Two Minute Silence 19 Recent Publications 20 Au conseil d'administration Editor 20 Board Notes JOHN R. ROOKE 21 Fellowships 22 C.S.C. News 22 Members In The News 24 New Members The Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada is an organization of professional, scientific and technic!\1 Address all correspondence, advertising, editorial or otherwise, to the workers in the Federal Public Service, Professional Institute of the Public Service of Canada, 786 Bronson devoted to enhancing the value of the Avenue, Ottawa 1, Canada. Views. expressed in articles and other contri­ Service to the public, maintaining high butions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the professional standards, and promoting official position of the Institute. Articles may be reproduced without the welfare of its members. permission provided a credit is given to the source. ;.. Authorized as second class mail, Post Office Department, Ottawa, and for payment of Postage in cash. Problems Of Regional Development In Canada Hon. MAURICE SAUVE Minister of Forestry Notes from an address to the Club Richelieu de Trois-Rivieres September, 1964 As Minister of Forestry, I am responsible for three ambitious one - is known as "rural development". major programmes: the forestry research programme, Rural development is a process whereby the people of the feed freight assistance programme, and the ARDA less prosperous rural areas decide to take steps to programme (Agricultural Rehabilitation and Develop­ improve their standards of livin.g and their economic ment Administration). In order to incorporate all these prospects through group action. In principle, the programmes under one ministry, there is a motion on government may have little or nothing to do with the Order Paper of the House of Commons to change starting a rural development programme in a given the name of the Department to the Department of area - the local people themselves must first decide Forestry and Rural Development. that they want to take action. But the provincial government is standing by to give them help when Today I want to speak to you about some aspects they need it - technical help and financial assistance of the Agricultural Rehabilitation and Development - and the federal government shares the cost. This is programme, which is more and more in the news these the basic philosophy and purpose of the ARDA pro­ days. ARDA is a joint federal-provincial undertaking, gramme. introduced by former Minister of Agriculture Han. Alvin Hamilton in 1961, designed chiefly to improve Specific areas which have been chosen for full­ income opportunities in the rural areas of Canada.·· By scale rural development programmes are called Rural the end of 1962, all ten provinces had signed agree­ Development Areas, areas of social and economic ments with Ottawa concerning the application of this disadvantage in need of development. They are pro­ programme, and the federal government agreed to make posed by the province, which determines their exact available a maximum of fifty million dollars to invest boundaries and location, and approved by. the fetleral in it over two and three-quarter years, a sum to be government. Nine Rural Development Areas have matched more or less equally by the provinces. The already been designated across Canada: Meadow Lake, province of Quebec adopted its own ARDA legislation Torch River and Broadview in Saskatchewan; Interlake in June 1963 (bill 57), and the minister responsible in Manitoba; Gaspe and Abitibi in Quebec; Prince for the programme in Quebec is Han. Alcide Courcy, County and Kings County in P.E.I.; and Bonavista Minister of Agriculture and Colonization. The role of North in Newfoundland. the provinces is primordial in the application of ARDA, There are many regions in Canada where the rural because ARDA projects must be both initiated and development philosophy is applicable. This is because administered by the province concerned. However of the economic adjustment required as a result of the two levels of government consult continually in such factors as the great migration of Canada's popula­ devising programmes, and the federal government re­ tion toward the cities in recent years, the increasing views provincial proposals. If they are within the mechanization and competitiveness of the agricultural terms of the ARDA legislation, Ottawa shares the cost industry, and the resulting uneven economic develop­ of implementing them. The ARDA agreements, by the pent- or even severe economic dislocation- result­ way, are coming up for renegotiation with the provinces ing in much unemployment and underemployment in this November, and new agreements will come into many rural areas. Many such areas, whose economies used to be based more or less viably on various com­ effect in April 1965. Soon after I assumed office in binations of agriculture, forestry and fishing, have now February, I made a tour of all the ten provincial fallen into stagnation, with average incomes well below capitals together with Mr. A. T. Davidson, Director of the levels in the rest of the country, particularly urban ARDA, in order to consult the provincial governments areas. The disparity in the rate of economic growth about changes to be made in the ARDA agreements. between urban and some rural areas in Canada has This kind of continuous consultation should result in become quite pronounced in several parts of the coun­ mutually satisfactory revisions of this basic document. ' try. People in these areas lack opportunities to parti­ One of the aspects of the ARDA programme - cipate effectively in the general prosperity of our to my mind the most important one, and also the most country. 2 PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE - OCTOBER 1964 An example of such a rural area, which I choose communication and co-operation among these sectors only because I expect you are likely to be acquainted at the regional level. Not only is there a lack of co-ordi­ with it, is the Lower St. Lawrence and Gaspe region. nation between various levels of government, but there As you no doubt know, a rural development programme is also often an overlapping between departments of the on a vast ambitious scale is now being undertaken in same level of government. that region, including nine counties: Magdalen Islands, Gaspe South, Gaspe North, Bonaventure, Matane, No doubt each of these departments was created Matapedia, Rimouski, Riviere-du-Loup, Temiscouata. to carry out a necessary function, and no doubt they The movement was started by the Conseil d'orienta­ are all still doing useful work. But my point is, Mr. tion economique du Bas St-Laurent, which was founded President, that there is not nearly enough communica­ by the people of the area in May 1956. At the request tion and co-operation among the various departments of this body, and the Conseil regional d'expansion eco­ and levels of government, and you often find them nomique de la Gaspesie et des Iles-de-la-Madeleine, overlapping or working at cross-purposes. You occa­ the whole region was designated as a Rural Develop­ sionally even get situations resembling the classic state ment