United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Sheep, Stations, and Intermountain Region Shacks Manti-La Sal National Administrative Facilities on the Manti-La Sal Forest National Forest, 1903-1960 September 2004 Historic Context Statement The Clay Springs Ranger Station on Muddy Creek. Courtesy of Region 4, USFS. by Matthew C. Godfrey and David Strohmaier Historical Research Associates, Inc. Missoula, Montana Table of Contents Introduction............................................................................................................ vii Chapter One: The Beginnings of Conservation and the Creation of Forest Reserves, 1891-1907.................................................................................................................. 1 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FOREST SERVICE...............................................................................1 SETTLEMENT OF THE MANTI AND LA SAL AREAS ......................................................................2 CREATION OF THE MANTI NATIONAL FOREST AND THE LA SAL NATIONAL FOREST...........5 Manti National Forest ....................................................................................................................5 La Sal National Forest...................................................................................................................6 CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................6 Chapter Two: The Progressive Era, the First World War, and the 1920s.................................... 9 INITIAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE MANTI NATIONAL FOREST AND LA SAL NATIONAL FOREST .............................................................................................................................................9 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................10 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................14 THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND THE MANTI AND LA SAL NATIONAL FORESTS.......................16 ADDITIONS AND BOUNDARY CHANGES, 1908-1928..................................................................18 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................19 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................19 FOREST IMPROVEMENTS.............................................................................................................20 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................20 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................21 FIRE..................................................................................................................................................21 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................21 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................22 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................22 Chapter Three: The Great Depression and the New Deal Era, 1929-1940 ................................... 27 THE CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS.......................................................................................27 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................27 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................28 OTHER RELIEF PROGRAMS .........................................................................................................29 ADMINISTRATION OF THE MANTI AND LA SAL NATIONAL FORESTS, 1929-1940..................30 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................30 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................31 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................33 Chapter Four: The Second World War and the Post-War Era, 1941-1960 ................................. 37 ADMINISTRATION OF THE MANTI NATIONAL FOREST AND LA SAL NATIONAL FOREST.....37 Manti National Forest ..................................................................................................................37 La Sal National Forest.................................................................................................................40 Consolidation of the Manti and La Sal National Forests .............................................................41 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................46 SHEEP, STATIONS, AND SHACKS: MANTI-LA SAL ADMINISTRATIVE FACILITIES I Chapter 5: District Histories .................................................................................................... 49 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................49 FERRON RANGER DISTRICT ........................................................................................................50 Castle Dale Administrative Site ...................................................................................................51 Ferron Administrative Site ...........................................................................................................53 Ferron Reservoir Administrative Site (Indian Creek)...................................................................53 Orange Olsen Administrative Site (Joes Valley) .........................................................................54 Seely Creek Guard Station..........................................................................................................55 White Mountain Cabin .................................................................................................................55 Other Administrative Sites...........................................................................................................56 Clay Springs Administrative Site (Ranger Station)..................................................................................56 Cottonwood Corral..................................................................................................................................56 Park Administrative Site (Lower Joes Valley) .........................................................................................57 Snow Lake Administrative Site ...............................................................................................................57 Stevens Creek Administrative Site..........................................................................................................58 Upper Joes Administrative Site (Ranger Station) ...................................................................................58 PRICE RANGER DISTRICT.............................................................................................................59 Mammoth Guard Station .............................................................................................................59 Stuart Guard Station....................................................................................................................61 Price Administrative Site/Yard.....................................................................................................62 Other Administrative Sites...........................................................................................................62 Bear Creek Administrative Site...............................................................................................................62 Canyon View Administrative Site............................................................................................................63 Gentry Administrative Site ......................................................................................................................63 Lake Administrative Site .........................................................................................................................63 Miller's Flat Administrative Site ...............................................................................................................63 No. 5 Administrative Site ........................................................................................................................64 No. 7 Administrative Site ........................................................................................................................64 Rolfson's Canyon Administrative Site .....................................................................................................64 Willow Swamp Administrative Site..........................................................................................................64