7 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHART SYMBOLS AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION AIRPORTS . 9 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . 10 AIRSPACE INFORMATION . 11 CHART LIMITS . 14 NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . 15 TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION CULTURE RAILROADS . 17 ROADS . 17 POPULATED PLACES OUTLINED . 18 BOUNDARIES . 18 MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES . 19 HYDROGRAPHY SHORELINES . 20 LAKES . 20 RESERVOIRS . 20 STREAMS . 21 MISCELLANEOUS HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES . 21 COASTAL HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES . 23 RELIEF CONTOURS . 25 ELEVATIONS . 25 UNRELIABLE RELIEF . 25 SHADED RELIEF . 26 AREA RELIEF FEATURES . 26 MISCELLANEOUS RELIEF FEATURES . 26 8 HELICOPTER ROUTE CHARTS AIRPORTS . 27 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . 27 AIRSPACE INFORMATION . 28 NAVIGATIONAL AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . 30 CULTURE . 31 HYDROGRAPHY . 31 RELIEF . 31 VFR FLYWAY PLANNING CHARTS AIRPORTS . 32 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION . 32 AIRSPACE INFORMATION . 32 NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION . 33 CULTURE . 34 HYDROGRAPHY . 34 GENERAL INFORMATION Symbols shown are for World Aeronautical Charts (WAC), Sectional aeronautical charts and Terminal Area Charts (TAC). When a symbol is different on any VFR chart series, it will be annotated thus: WAC or Not shown on WAC. 9 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRPORTS AIRPORTS LANDPLANE- SEAPLANE- MILITARY EMERENCY Refueling and repair No facilities or complete facilities for normal traf- information is not avail- fic. able All recognizable run- HELIPORT ways, including some (Selected) which may be closed, are shown for visual identification. Airports having control towers (CT) are shown in ULTRALIGHT FLIGHT blue, all others in PARK magenta. (Selected) SEAPLANE- AIRPORT DATA MILITARY GROUPING Refueling and repair facilities for normal traf- fic. LANDPLANE-CIVIL Refueling and repair facilities for normal traf- fic. AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SEAPLANE-CIVIL Refueling and repair facilities for normal traffic. LANDPLANE CIVIL-MILITARY Refueling and repair facilities for normal traffic. SEAPLANE CIVIL- MILITARY Refueling and repair facilities for normal traf- fic. LANDPLANE- EMERGENCY No facilities or Complete information is not available. Add appropriate notes as required: "closed, approximate position, existence unconfirmed. VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 10 RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION RADIO AIDS TO NAVIGATION VHF ILS COMPONENTS OMNI-DIRECTIONAL RADIO (VOR) RANGE Shown when compo- nent of airway sys- tem or used in the description of Class B airspace. BROADCAST STATIONS (BS) VOR FLIGHT SERVICE STATION (FSS) VORTAC VOR-DME REMOTE COMMUNI- CATIONS OUTLET (RCO) NON-DIRECTIONAL RADIOBEACON (NDB) AIR FORCE STATION (AFS) NDB-DME LONG RANGE RADAR STATION (LRRS) 11 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION AIRSPACE INFORMATION CLASS B AIRSPACE CLASS D AIRSPACE Appropriate notes as required may be shown. Only the airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL are shown. (Mode C see FAR 91.215 /AIM) All mileages are nautical (NM). All radials are magnetic. CLASS E AIRSPACE The limits of Class E airspace shall be shown by narrow vignettes or by the dashed magenta symbol. Individual units of designated airspace are not nec- essarily shown; instead, the aggre- gate lateral and verti- cal limits shall be defined by the follow- ing: Airspace beginning at the surface desig- nated around air- ports ... CLASS C AIRSPACE Airspace beginning at 700 feet AGL ... Appropriate notes as Airspace beginning at required may be 1200 feet AGL or shown. greater that abuts uncontrolled air- (Mode C see space (Class G) ... FAR 91.215 /AIM) Differentiates floors of airspace greater than 700 feet above the surface... When the ceiling is less than 18,000 feet MSL, the value, pre- fixed by the word "ceiling,” shall be shown along the lim- its. OFFSHORE CONTROL AREAS VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 12 AIRSPACE INFORMATION AIRSPACE INFORMATION CANADIAN AIR DEFENSE AIRSPACE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) Individual units of designated Canadian Note. Delimiting line airspace are not nec- not shown when it essarily shown; coincides with Inter- instead, the aggre- national Boundary, gate lateral and verti- projection lines or cal limits shall be other linear features. portrayed as closely as possible to the comparable U.S. air- LOW ALTITUDE space. AIRWAYS VOR and LF / MF (CLASS E AIRSPACE) Appropriate notes as required may be Low altitude Federal shown. Airways are indicated by centerline. Only the controlled airspace effective below 18,000 feet MSL is shown. MISCELLANEOUS AIR ROUTES FLIGHT INFORMATION REGIONS (FIR) and /or (CTA) OCEANIC CONTROL AREAS (OCA) 13 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information AIRSPACE INFORMATION AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL USE SPECIAL AIR AIRSPACE TRAFFIC RULES / AIRPORT PATTERNS Only the airspace (FAR 93) effective below 18,000 feet MSL are shown. The type of area shall be spelled out in large Appropriate boxed areas if space per- note as required mits. shown adjacent to area. SPACE OPERATIONS AREA (FAR 91.143) MODE C (FAR 91.215) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. MILITARY TRAINING ROUTES (MTR) MISCELLANEOUS AIRSPACE AREAS Parachute Jumping Area with Frequency Glider SPECIAL MILITARY Operating Area ACTIVITY ROUTES (SMAR) Ultralight Activity Hang Glider Activity Boxed notes (as in text) shown adjacent to route. SPECIAL CONSERVATION AREAS National Park, Wildlife Refuge, Primitive and Wilderness Areas, etc. VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 14 AIRSPACE INFORMATION AIRSPACE INFORMATION SPECIAL AIRSPACE IFR ROUTES AREAS Appropriate notes as Appropriate notes as required may be required may be shown. shown. Arrival Departure SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (SFAR) AREAS CHART LIMITS NATIONAL SECURITY AREA OUTLINE ON SECTIONAL OF TERMINAL AREA CHART HIGH ENERGY RADIATION AREAS Appropriate notes as required may be shown. OUTLINE ON SECTIONAL OF THE INSET CHART TERMINAL RADAR SERVICE AREA (TRSA) Appropriate notes as required may be shown. 15 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION ISOGONIC LINE & AERONAUTICAL VALUE LIGHTS Isogonic lines and values shall be based on the five year epoch chart. LOCAL MAGNETIC NOTES Unreliability Notes COMPASS ROSETTE Shown only in areas void of VOR roses. Compass rosette will be set to ground magnetic variation. MARINE LIGHTS With Characteristics INTERSECTIONS of Light Named intersections used as reporting points. Arrows are directed toward facili- ties which establish intersection. AERONAUTICAL LIGHTS VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Aeronautical Information 16 NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION NAVIGATION AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION VISUAL GROUND MAXIMUM SIGNS ELEVATION FIGURE (MEF) Shore and Landmarkers WARNING, CAUTION NOTES VFR CHECK POINTS Used when specific area is not demar- cated. VFR WAYPOINTS Stand-Alone Colocated with VFR Check Point OBSTRUCTION GROUP OBSTRUCTION HIGH INTENSITY OBSTRUCTION LIGHTS High intensity lights may operate part- time. 17 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE CULTURE RAILROADS RAILROAD SIDINGS All gauges AND SHORT SPURS Single Track TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION ROADS Double Track Dual Lane Category 1 More Than Two Tracks Primary Category 2 Electric Secondary Category 2 RAILROADS IN JUXTAPOSITION TRAILS Category 3 Provides symboliza- RAILROAD- tion for dismantled NONOPERATING, railroad when com- bined with label "dis- ABANDONED, mantled railroad." DESTROYED, OR UNDER ROAD MARKERS CONSTRUCTION U.S. Route No. RAILROAD YARDS Interstate Route No. Limiting Track To Air Marked Scale Identification Label ROAD NAMES Location Only ROADS UNDER RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION STATIONS Features Related to Railroads and Roads VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 18 CULTURE CULTURE BRIDGES FERRIES, FERRY AND VIADUCTS SLIPS AND FORDS Railroad Road OVERPASSES AND UNDERPASSES PROMINENT CAUSEWAYS FENCES TUNNELS-ROAD BOUNDARIES AND RAILROAD International POPULATED PLACES OUTLINED State and Large Cities Provincial Category 1 Cities and Large Towns Convention or Category 2 Mandate Line POPULATED PLACES Towns and Villages Category 3 Date Line 19 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information CULTURE CULTURE TIME ZONES SMALL LOCKS MINES AND WEIRS AND QUARRIES JETTIES Shaft Mines and Quarries POWER SEAWALLS TRANSMISSION & TELECOMMUNICA- TION LINES PIPELINES BREAKWATERS PIERS, WHARFS, Underground QUAYS, ETC. DAMS MISCELLANEOUS CULTURAL FEATURES DAM CARRYING ROAD OUTDOOR THEATER PASSABLE LOCKS WELLS Other Than Water VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information 20 CULTURE HYDROGRAPHY RACE TRACKS SHORELINES Definite LOOKOUT TOWERS Air marked identification Fluctuating LANDMARK AREAS Unsurveyed Indefinite TANKS Man-made LAKES COAST GUARD Label as required STATION Perennial When too numerous to show individual lakes, show represen- tative pattern and descriptive note. AERIAL CABLEWAYS, CONVEYORS, ETC. Non-Perennial (dry, intermittent, etc.) Illustration includes small perennial lake HYDROGRAPHY RESERVOIRS OPEN WATER Natural Shorelines Man-made Shorelines INLAND WATER Label when neces- sary for clarity Too small to show to scale 21 VFR AERONAUTICAL CHARTS - Topographic Information HYDROGRAPHY HYDROGRAPHY MISCELLA- NEOUS HYDRO- GRAPHIC Under Construc- FEATURES tion Sand Deposits In and Along Riverbeds STREAMS WET SAND AREAS Within and adjacent Perennial to desert areas AQUEDUCTS Non-Perennial Fanned Out Abandoned or Under Alluvial fan Construction Braided Underground Suspended or Disappearing Elevated Seasonally Fluctuating Tunnels with undefined limits