JMA/WMO WorkshoppQ on Quality Manag ement in Surface, Climate and UpperUpper--AirAir Observations in RA II (ASIA) Tokyo, Japan, 27-27-3030 July 2010 Rajjjendra P. Shrestha Meteorological Forecasting Division Department of Hydrology and Meteorology NepalNepal Location of Nepal .. South Asian landlocked country with fascinating thdlittopography and climate. .. It lies between 2622 2600 30 22’tototo 27 3000 27’N lat and 84 84000404’to’to 88001212’E’E long. Area:.. Area:41 Area:11741,, sq 41,,741 km 741sq km sq. km .. Highest elevation: 8848 m .. Lowest Elevation:64 64 64mmm China Phys iograp hic v iew o f Nepa l India Mt. Everest 8848m 60 m Introduction Scope of Work .. Established1962 - -1962 .. River Hydrology .. WMO Member1966 - -1966 Climate.. Climate .. UddtdttUpgraded to departmen1988t - 1988 .. AgroAgro--meteorologymeteorology Sediment.. Sediment .. Air Quality & Water Quality Limnology.. Limnology .. Snow Hydrology Glaciology.. Glaciology .. Win d & So lar Energy .. Aviation & General Forecast .. Look upon network of observation stations stations .. Global Exchange of Meteorological Data Data The Principal Activities of DHM .. Collect and disseminate hydrological and meteorological information for water resources, agriculture, energy and other developppment activities. .. Issue hydrological and meteorological forecast for public, mountaineering expedition, civil aviation and for the mitigation of natural disasters. .. To provide meteorological support for flood warning and flood control operations. .. Conduct special studies required for the policy maker and for the development of hydrological and meteorological sciences in the reg ithiion. .. Promote relationship with national and international organization in the field of hydrology and meteorology. Hydro-.. -Meteorological HydroMeteorological Observation Network in DHM Physiographic Regions based on Topography and 15 Synoptic Stations .. Terai (((6060-- 200)M ,17%, .. Churia, ( Siwalik Range) (200(200--1500)M1500)M .. Middle Mountain (Mahabharat range) (1200(1200--2500)M,68%2500)M,68% DADELDHURA JUMLA DIPAYAL (DOTI) .. High Mountain DHANGADHI (ATARIYA) (2500(2500--4000)M4000)M SURKHET (BIRENDRA NAGAR) .. High Himalayas (4000(4000--8848)M 15% POKHARA AIRPORT NEPALGUNJ AIRPORTGHORAI (DANG) KATHMANDU AIRPORT BHAIRAHAWA AIRPORT TAPLEJUNG OKHALDHUNGA SIMARA AIRPORT Legend DHANKUTA High Himal BIRATNAGAR AIRPOART High Mountain Middle Mountain SSwaiwalik (C (Cue)hure) Terai Synoptic_stations (15) Precipitation Stations (337)- Legend High Himal High Moun ta in Middle Mountain Siwalik (Chure) Terai DHM_Precipitation stations (175) NISP_Precipitations stations (160) Climate Station72 ( 72)) - ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") )" ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") Legend ") ") ") ") ") ") ") )" High Himal ") ") High Mountain Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai ") Climate_stations (72) Agro Agro--meteorological Stations22 (- 22)) "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 "6 6" "6 "6 "6 "6 Legend "6 "6 "6 6" High Himal "6 High Mountain Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai "6 Agromet_stations (22) Sunshine Stations (17) - ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ ^_ _^_^ ^_ ^_ ^_ Legend ^_ High Himal High Mountain ^_ Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai ^_ Sunshine_stations (17) Wind Stations (3434)) - 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 88 88 8 8 8 888 8 8 8 8 Legend 8 8 88 8 High Himal 8 8 8 High Mountain 8 Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai 8 Wind_stations (34) Soil Temperature Stations (7) - &3 &3 &3 &3 &3 Legend &3 High Himal &3 High Mountain Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai &3 Soiltemperature_stations (7) Evaporatation Stations (1414)) - ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ")") ") ") ") Legend ") High Himal )" High Mountain Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai ") Evaporation_stations (14) Snow Stations (77)) x - x x x x x x Legend High Himal High Mountain Middle Mountain Siwalik (()Chure) Terai x Snow_stations (7) Hydrometric Station Network Flood forecasting section has a network of 45 stations: •15 hydrometric stations and •30 meteorological stations Synoptic Station Kathmandu Automatic Weather Stations15 ( 15)) 30 DdldhDadeldhura 29 Dhangadhi Pokhara Airport Nepalgunj Airport Dang 28 Kathmandu Airport Simara 27 Biratnagar Airport 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 Meteorological Data Communication System .. Surface and upper air data for forecasting is exchanged under GTS fRTHNDlhiIdifrom RTH New Delhi, India. Data Receiving from RTH New Delhi .. Real time data fromyp 15 synoptic yp station through ( HFSSB) radio or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless modem used for weather forecast & internal Exchange. Exchange. Real time data receiving from Synoptic Station .. Since 19981998,, MFD receive various meteorological information through SADIS SADISbyyy World Area Forecast Centre (WAFS) located Barcknail, London London Met .Information though SADIS Meteorological Data Communication System TCP/IP Communication Future Plan .. Installation of AWS in all synoptic stations during this year 2010 under SAARC_STORM project. .. One Doppler Weather Radar probably next year .. Two GPS Sonde Stations .. 16 telemetry rainfall stations will be installed in model basin. .. 5 telemetry water level stations will also be installed in the same model basin. .. WRF model are to be run this year for improve weather forecast as well as flood forecast Thank Y ou All f or Ki nd Att enti on MFD Forecast FYFY--22DD Satellite86. 86.55°°EE FYFY--22DD Satellite Antenna.