U.S. Fire Administration Traffic Incident Management Systems FA-330/March 2012 U.S. Fire Administration Mission Statement We provide National leadership to foster a solid founda- tion for our fire and emergency services stakeholders in prevention, preparedness, and response. This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Preface ............................................................................................................................ v Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................1 Contents of Table Other Government Initiatives for Roadway Safety ................................................................................... 3 Federal Highway Administration Traffic Incident Management Website .......................................................................3 Federal Highway Administration Traffic Incident Management Handbook ...................................................................3 National Traffic Incident Management Coalition ...................................................................................................3 Data Collection ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Firefighter Fatalities ......................................................................................................................................4 Firefighter Injuries ........................................................................................................................................5 Secondary Collisions ............................................................................................................................... 6 Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Roadway Scene Incidents ............................................................ 7 Other Considerations Relative to Roadway Incident Scenes .................................................................... 8 Economic Impact ..........................................................................................................................................8 Impact of Travel Delay Resulting From Vehicle Collisions ........................................................................................9 Project Goals .........................................................................................................................................10 Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways ..................................................................... 10 Chapter 2 Incident Case Studies ..................................................................................13 Case Study 1 .........................................................................................................................................13 Case Study 2 .........................................................................................................................................14 Case Study 3 ..........................................................................................................................................14 Case Study 4 ..........................................................................................................................................15 Case Study 5 ..........................................................................................................................................15 Case Study 6 ..........................................................................................................................................16 Case Study 7 ..........................................................................................................................................17 Case Study 8 ..........................................................................................................................................17 Case Study 9 ..........................................................................................................................................19 Case Study 10 ........................................................................................................................................19 Case Study 11 ........................................................................................................................................20 Case Study 12 ........................................................................................................................................20 Case Study 13 ........................................................................................................................................21 Case Study 14 ........................................................................................................................................21 Summary ..............................................................................................................................................22 Chapter 3 Equipment to Improve Highway Safety .....................................................23 Intelligent Transportation Systems Technologies to Improve Roadway Safety ........................................24 Traffic Surveillance Technology ........................................................................................................................ 24 Mayday and Automatic Collision Notification Systems ........................................................................................ 24 Freeway Service Patrols ................................................................................................................................. 25 Changeable Message Signs ............................................................................................................................. 25 Temporary Traffic Control Zones ...........................................................................................................27 Channelizing Devices ............................................................................................................................29 Signs ........................................................................................................................................................ 29 Cones ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 Flares ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 Directional Arrow Boards .............................................................................................................................. 31 Barricades ................................................................................................................................................. 33 Flagger Control .....................................................................................................................................33 i Hand-Signaling Devices ................................................................................................................................ 34 Flagger Location ......................................................................................................................................... 34 Audible Warning Signals ............................................................................................................................... 35 High-Visibility Safety Apparel ...............................................................................................................35 Table of Contents of Table American National Standards Institute/International Safety Equipment Association 107 ............................................ 36 Fabric ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Fluorescence ............................................................................................................................................... 37 Retroreflectivity .......................................................................................................................................... 38 American National Standards Institute/International Safety Equipment Association 207 ............................................ 39 Fire Apparatus Safety Equipment ...........................................................................................................40 Restraints .................................................................................................................................................. 40 Vehicle Striping .......................................................................................................................................... 40 Warning Lights .......................................................................................................................................... 41 European Concepts in Roadway Scene Equipment and Practices ...........................................................44 Recommendations for Roadway Safety Equipment ...............................................................................46 Chapter 4 Setting Up Safe Traffic Incident Management Areas ..................................47 Establishing the Work Area 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