SUN, SEA, LEISURE, AND ENERGY The knowledge of experts used for the decision making of renewable energies in urban development areas in the North-Eastern part of Morocco, using AHP. Colophon Final presentation date June 8th, 2015 Personal information Name U. (Uasima) Chaïbi E‐mail Address [email protected] Telephone number +31 6 16 817 112 Graduation committee Prof. dr. ir. W.F. (Wim) Schaefer (Chairman master CME, TU/e) Dr. ir. B. (Brano) Glumac (Graduation Supervisor, TU/e) Ir. S. (Sami) Bouhmidi (Market Manager, MarchicaMed) Institute University Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty Faculty of the Built Environment Department Construction, Management and Engineering Company Company name MarchicaMed Graduation supervisor Ir. S. (Sami) Bouhmidi Final presentation date: 15th of July 2014 U. Chaïbi, 2015, Sun, Sea, Leisure, and Energy 2 U. Chaïbi, 2015, Sun, Sea, Leisure, and Energy CONTENTS PREFACE ........................................................................................................................... 7 PART I – FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................... 9 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Context ................................................................................................................................................. 11 1.2 Positioning of the subject ...................................................................................................................... 14 1.3 Background information ....................................................................................................................... 15 1.4 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 18 1.5 Reading instructions ............................................................................................................................. 18 2 RESEARCH DESIGN ................................................................................................ 19 2.1 Problem description .............................................................................................................................. 19 2.2 Research questions ............................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Research boundaries ............................................................................................................................. 20 2.4 Research method .................................................................................................................................. 21 2.5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 23 PART II – CONTEXTUAL ORIENTATION ............................................................................. 25 3 NADOR AND THE MARCHICA LAGOON .................................................................. 27 3.1 The geographical context of Nador ....................................................................................................... 27 3.2 The characteristics of Nador area .......................................................................................................... 29 3.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 32 4 CITY OF TWO SEAS ................................................................................................ 33 4.1 The project ............................................................................................................................................ 33 4.2 The four resorts .................................................................................................................................... 34 4.3 Energy infrastructure ............................................................................................................................ 36 4.4 Entrance ................................................................................................................................................ 39 4.5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 39 3 U. Chaïbi, 2015, Sun, Sea, Leisure, and Energy 5 ENERGY CONSUMPTION ....................................................................................... 41 5.1 Situation ............................................................................................................................................... 41 5.2 Computation ......................................................................................................................................... 41 5.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 42 6 RENEWABLE ENERGY ............................................................................................ 43 6.1 Renewable energy resources ................................................................................................................ 43 6.2 Storage of energy .................................................................................................................................. 47 6.3 Best practices ........................................................................................................................................ 48 6.4 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 50 PART III – RESEARCH APPLICATION AND RESULTS ............................................................ 53 7 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 55 7.1 Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) ................................................................................................................ 55 7.2 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) .......................................................................................................... 56 7.3 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 57 8 APPLICATION TO RESEARCH .................................................................................. 59 8.1 Objective ............................................................................................................................................... 59 8.2 Decomposition ...................................................................................................................................... 59 8.3 Comparison matrix ................................................................................................................................ 63 8.4 Pair-wise comparison ............................................................................................................................ 63 8.5 Data quality .......................................................................................................................................... 65 8.6 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 69 PART IV – CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION ..................................................................... 71 9 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................... 73 9.1 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 73 9.2 Discussion ............................................................................................................................................. 74 9.3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................ 75 4 U. Chaïbi, 2015, Sun, Sea, Leisure, and Energy BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................ 77 APPENDIXES ................................................................................................................... 81 Appendix A – Master plan of City of Two Seas ............................................................................................... 83 Appendix B – Characteristics of Nador in tables ............................................................................................. 85 Appendix C – Square meters of the buildings of City of Two Seas .................................................................. 86 Appendix D – Computation energy................................................................................................................. 88 Appendix E – Ranges per criteria .................................................................................................................... 91 Appendix F – Questionnaire ........................................................................................................................... 92 Appendix G – Timeline experts ......................................................................................................................