ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 1 Øresund Trends 2012 English www.tendensoresund.org 2 ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 Project Manager Translation into English Birgitte Steenstrup, [email protected] Katie Schwarck, [email protected] Data collection, analysis and text For more information, visit Thomas Behrens The Swedish Employment Service www.tendensoresund.org Mai Lundemark Copenhagen Municipality, Interreg-projektet Job og Uddannelse Graphic design Gert Jørgensen Employment Region Copenhagen Mikael Forth & Zealand www.forth.dk Eivor Johansson Malmö Municipality Anders Axelsson Region Skåne Printing Christian Lindell Region Skåne CS-Grafisk A/S Christina Ripa Region Skåne Daniel Svärd Region Skåne Print run Lova Wigvall Region Skåne 500 Lene Wittek-Holmberg Wonderful Copenhagen Britt Andresen The Öresund Committee Peter Krygell The Öresund Committee Editing and translation into Danish Marianne Worm Etcetera Communications www.etcetera.dk ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 3 CONTENTS A region in development . 4 A coherent and diverse labour market . 56 Preface ........................................ 4 The labour market ...............................56 Commuting across Øresund .......................62 Facts about the Øresund Region . 6 Geography..................................... 6 Accessibility and mobility . 70 Map of the Øresund Region........................ 7 Migration ......................................70 Demographics .................................. 8 Housing and construction .........................78 House prices ...................................84 Knowledge and innovation . 12 Traffic across Øresund............................90 Economic development...........................12 Copenhagen Airport .............................94 Business structure ...............................16 Research and development........................28 About the analysis . 100. Education ......................................36 Dark figures ...................................100 About Ørestat..................................101 Culture and Experience . 40 About Øresund Trends ..........................102 Culture ........................................40 Identity........................................45 Contact list . 103 Tourism .......................................46 Health.........................................48 Welfare........................................54 4 A REGION IN DEVELOPMENT | Preface ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 A REGION IN DEVELOPMENT Preface words, the social gains from the Øresund Region (6 per cent) in the period 2000- The Øresund Region is home to 3.8 Bridge far exceed what it cost to build it. 2009 was lower than the average for the million people. Over the next 20 years, At the same time, Sweden saves 178 mil- EU27 area (13 per cent). The develop- the population is projected to grow by a lion euro per annum in unemployment ment is significantly lower than in both further 10 per cent. benefit because unemployed Swedes find the Helsinki Region (24 per cent) and work in Denmark. Stockholm County (30 per cent). The region is an important factor for both the Danish and Swedish national Like the rest of Europe, the Øresund However, gross regional product per economy since 27 per cent of their com- Region has been affected by the finan- employee during 2000-2009 was bined GDP is created in the Øresund cial crisis. The crisis has led to a halt to stronger in the Øresund Region (5.3 per Region. the increase in relocation, commuting cent) than the average for all regions in and traffic across the Øresund. In 2011, Europe (4.2 per cent). This is still lower Within an economic context, Øresund the number of daily commuters totalled than in Stockholm (19.2 per cent) and integration is an important element 18,000, slightly lower than in 2008, Helsinki (16.9 per cent) for the period on both sides of Øresund. In 2010, when commuting was at its highest level 2000-2009. This is a situation that needs Øresund commuters contributed 751 with almost 20,000 commuters across to be addressed if the Øresund Region million EUR in added value to the Øresund. In 2011, an average of 91,500 is to remain an important driver for the Danish economy. Since the opening of individuals crossed Øresund (by car, whole of Scandinavia. the Øresund Bridge in 2000 and as a re- coach, train and ferry) and 24,700 ve- sult of Øresund commuting, the Dan- hicles crossed Øresund every day. This The Øresund Region has considera- ish economy has received a substantial is an increase of 1 per cent in passenger ble potential, which could be exploit- financial injection totalling 4,4 billion numbers and a decrease of 2 per cent on ed better. 35 per cent of the population EUR – which in 2010 prices is equiv- the year in the number of vehicles. has a higher education, which is above alent to 1.3 Øresund Bridges. In other Economic growth in the Øresund the national level in both Denmark A REGION IN DEVELOPMENT | Preface ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 5 and Sweden. In total, approximately cation across Øresund within the areas 150,000 students study at the region's 11 of culture, the labour market, knowl- universities and higher educational in- edge and innovation as well as traf- stitutions. fic and infrastucture. Øresund Trends monitors and analyses this integration The percentage of gross regional prod- and we hope you will find the analysis uct spent on research and development interesting. in the Øresund Region is among the highest (4.9 per cent) in Europe. At the same time, 43 per cent of industry’s total investment in research and development for the whole of Denmark and Sweden is placed in the region. Nevertheless, all signs are that it is not easy to turn these investments into innovation and commercial products, which is a general problem in Denmark and Sweden. 12 years after the opening of the Øresund Bridge, it is gratifying to note that a common Øresund regional iden- tity among the citizens of the region is growing. But identity and integration assume increased and mutual communi- 6 FacTS ABOUT THE ØRESUND REGION | GEOGRAPHY ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 FacTS ABOUT THE ØRESUND REGION GEOGRAPHY side. Measured in square metres, Scania Administratively, the Øresund Region is the largest, but about two-thirds of the consists of the 33 municipalities that Geographically, the Øresund Region 3.8 million inhabitants in the Øresund make up the Scania region on the Swed- consists of Zealand, Lolland, Falster, Region live on the Danish side, which ish side, while on the Danish side there Møn and Bornholm on the Danish has 2.5 million inhabitants while there are the 46 municipalities that make up side and Scania on the Swedish side of are 1.3 million on the Swedish side. the Capital Region and Region Zea- Øresund – hence the name. Adminis- land. tratively, it consists of three regions: the The Øresund Region includes the capi- Capital Region of Denmark and Region tal of Denmark, Copenhagen, and Swe- Zealand on the Danish side and Scania den's third largest city, Malmö. Copen- Population figures in the Øresund on the Swedish side. hagen-Malmö is the largest urban area Region’s six largest municipalities (mid-2012) in Scandinavia. The Øresund Region’s Danish and Swed- Copenhagen 552,000 ish sides are connected in the south by the The average population density is 179 Frederiksberg 101,000 16 km long Øresund Bridge between Co- inhabitants per square kilometre: high- Roskilde 83,000 penhagen and Malmö, which opened in est on the Danish side with 258 inhabit- Malmö 305,000 2000, and in the north, by the ferry link ants per square kilometre and lowest on Helsingborg 131,000 between Elsinore and Helsingborg. the Swedish side with 110 inhabitants Lund 112,000 per square kilometre. There is signifi- Source: Statistics Denmark and The Øresund Region covers a total area cant geographic variation: from dense Statistics Sweden. of 21,203 square kilometres – equiva- metropolitan areas such as Copenhagen lent to half the entire area of Denmark and Malmö to the relatively sparsely – with 9,834 square kilometres on the populated rural municipalities of Lol- Danish side and 11,369 on the Swedish land and in eastern Scania. Osby FacTS ABOUT THE ØRESUND REGION | GEOGRAPHY ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 7 Båstad Örkelljunga Östra Ängelhom Göinge Höganäs Hässle- Perstorp holm Bro- mölla Åstorp Klippan Helsing- Gribskov borg Bjuv Helsingør Kristianstad Frederiks- Svalöv Höör værk- Hundested Fredens- Hillerødborg ScaNIA Lands- Hørsholm krona Hörby Allerød Eslöv Odsherred Frederikssund Rudersdal Furesø Kävlinge Capital Region Egedal Lomma Lund Høje- Sjöbo Kalund- Holbæk Lejre Taastrup Burlöv Staffans- Roskilde torp borg Tomelilla Greve Malmö Simrishamn Region Zealand Svedala Solrød Sorø Skurup Ystad Ring- Køge Vellinge sted Trelle- borg Slagelse Stevns Faxe Næstved Capital Region Lyngby-Taarbæk Born- holm Glad- Gentofte saxe Vording- Her- borg Ballerup lev Rød- ovre Frederiks- Albertslund Glos- berg trup Copenhagen Brønd- by Hvid- Val- ovre Lolland Ishøj lens- Guldborg- Tårnby sund bæk Dragør 8 FacTS ABOUT THE ØRESUND REGION | DEMOGRAPHICS ØRESUND TRENDS 2012 DEMOGRAPHICS somewhat for the rest of the 20-year fore- In Scania, the population is expected to cast period. grow by 175,000. On the Danish side, the Population growth Capital Region is expected to grow by The proportion of the elderly (65+) is 235,000, while Region Zealand will ex- growing faster in the Danish part of the Population density perience a decline in population of about Øresund Region than in the Swedish 21,000 during the period – this fall is ex- part, while the proportion