Turk’s Head at the Union Bridge From Licenced Hotel to Regional Museum Dirk HR Spennemann Turk’s Head at the Union Bridge — From Licenced Hotel to Regional Museum — Dirk HR Spennemann Albury February 2018 Dirk HR Spennemann © 2018. All rights reserved by the author. The contents of this publication are copyright in all countries subscribing to the Berne Convention. No parts of this report may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, in existence or to be invented, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the authors, except where permitted by law. Cover image: ‘A Fragmented History’ © Dirk HR Spennemann 2017 Preferred citation of this Report Spennemann, Dirk HR (2018) Turk’s Head at the Union Bridge. From Licenced Hotel to Re- gional Museum. Institute for Land, Water and Society Report nº 110. Albury, NSW: Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University. ISBN 978-1-86-467309-8 Disclaimer The views expressed in this report are solely the author’s and do not necessarily reflect the views of Charles Sturt University. The author does not agree with or condone the appellations used in some historic sources (as reproduced in the verbatim quotes), which may be offensive to some Indigenous peoples. Contact Associate Professor Dirk HR Spennemann, MA, PhD, MICOMOS, APF Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, PO Box 789, Albury NSW 2640, Australia. email: [email protected] .— ii — Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................... iii 1 | Introduction ................................................................................... 1 Broader Context ..................................................................................... 1 Notes to the Introduction ......................................................................... 3 2 | The River Crossing at Albury ........................................................... 3 Indigenous Land Use ............................................................................... 3 Relationship between Indigenous Australians and white settlers ......................... 3 Bungambrawatha Ford ............................................................................ 6 Early developments on the Flood Plain ...................................................... 7 Flooding ..................................................................................................... 8 Early European land use ............................................................................... 9 Initial alienation—the Mungabareena Run ................................................. 11 Robert Brown and his Hut ......................................................................... 12 Surveying the Crossing Place .................................................................... 13 The first hotel and the punt ......................................................................... 15 The punt .................................................................................................. 15 Ongoing use of the ford ........................................................................... 19 The new punt ........................................................................................... 20 Shifting locus and focus of settlement ........................................................... 22 The Emergence of a Colonial Border ........................................................... 24 Further developments on the South Albury flood plain ................................... 26 The Union Bridge (1861) ....................................................................... 29 Further developments ............................................................................ 35 Telegraph .................................................................................................. 35 The Wharf (1872–1896) ............................................................................. 35 The Railway (1873–1881) .......................................................................... 36 Developments in the vicinity of the Bridge ..................................................... 37 Brewery ................................................................................................... 37 Floating Baths .......................................................................................... 39 Chinese Market Gardens ............................................................................ 40 The new Union Bridge (1898–1899) ........................................................... 42 Notes to Chapter 2 ............................................................................... 44 3 | The Turk’s Head Hotel ................................................................. 56 Land alienation ..................................................................................... 56 Consolidation by Albury City ..................................................................... 58 Prior establishments and Competition ..................................................... 60 The Traveller’s Rest Hotel (1868–1875) .................................................. 61 Dirk HR Spennemann Owners and lessees ................................................................................... 61 The original Building .................................................................................. 64 The Turk’s Head Hotel (1875–1900) ...................................................... 66 Owners and lessees ................................................................................... 66 James Oddie ........................................................................................... 70 William Green again ................................................................................ 70 Alexander McDonald ................................................................................ 71 Joseph Henry and Elizabeth Frauenfelder .................................................. 71 Thomas Parker and Joseph Hogan ............................................................ 72 Guests ..................................................................................................... 73 Accommodation Paddock ......................................................................... 73 Developments adjacent to the Turk’s Head Hotel ....................................... 74 The Union Bridge Hotel (1900–1922) .................................................... 75 Owners and lessees ................................................................................... 76 James Robinson ....................................................................................... 76 Maurice Flynn .......................................................................................... 79 The Building .............................................................................................. 80 Ancillary business and activities ................................................................... 82 Subletting the cellar .................................................................................. 82 Stables .................................................................................................... 82 Delicensing in 1921 ................................................................................... 83 A delicensed accommodation (1923–ca. 1955) ...................................... 85 Murray Store (1947–1961) .................................................................... 93 Acquisition by Albury City ......................................................................... 93 The building during the store period .......................................................... 94 Museum (1967–2006) .......................................................................... 97 The co-located museums (1967–1983) ....................................................... 98 Albury Historical Society Folk Museum ..................................................... 101 Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences (Albury Branch) .............................. 102 The building ........................................................................................... 103 Albury Regional Museum (1983–2006) ..................................................... 104 Notes to Chapter 3 ............................................................................. 115 4 | End Matter ................................................................................ 131 Appendix I.—The former Bridge Inn ...................................................... 131 Appendix II.—Furniture Listing of 1895/7 ............................................. 145 Appendix III.—The Turk’s Head building today ...................................... 151 Appendix IV.—Types of Bricks encountered ........................................... 157 Appendix V—Grave Markers of Turk’s Head Publicans .......................... 175 Acknowledgements ............................................................................. 178 References ......................................................................................... 178 .— iv — Turk’s Head at the Union Bridge Fig. 17. The development of the crossing List of Figures place at Albury. Situation in 1849 superimposed on a 2014 aerial image. .......... 25 Fig. 1. The development of the crossing place at Albury. Indigenous land-use Fig. 18. The development