DOCUMENT RESUME ED 285 264 EA 019 606 AUTHOR Randell, Shirley, Ed. TITLE Making Progress: Women in Management in Primary& Secondary Education in Australia. Report ofa National Conference (3rd, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, August 1-4, 1985). INSTITUTION Australian Capital Territory Schools Authority, Canberra.; Australian Coll. of Education, Carlton, Victoria. REPORT NO ISBN-0-909587-35-3 PUB DATE Oct 85 NOTE 225p. PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference Proceedings (021)-- Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Administrators; Elementary Secondary Education; *Equal Opportunities (Jobs); *Females; *Sex Discrimination; *Women Faculty; Workshops IDENTIFIERS *Australia ABSTRACT This report describes the third conference that the Australian College of Education has conductedon women in educational administration in Australia. Over 150 educators attended, 90percent of whom were women. Meetings and workshops were designed tocanvass four major issues: (1) a political view of imperatives for change; (2) research reports on women's current position in governmentand non-government systems and schools; (3) progress reports; and (4) the design of strategies for change. Following introductoryessays by Shirley Randell and Ros Kelly, the papersappear under three major headings. Under the first heading, "The Current Situation forWomen in Management in Primary and Secondary Education," fourpapers are listed: "Women Teachers and Promotion: A Search for Some Explanations" (Shirley Sampson); "Women Principals in Australia" (Judith Chapman); "Laywomen as Principals in Catholic Secondary Schools?" (Janice Nash); and "Women in Management in Independent Schools in Australia: Is Our Past Still Ahead of Us?" (Di Fleming). Under "State Overviews," nine papers appear: "The Development ofan Equal Employment Opportunity Management Plan in New South Wales" (Kerry Hyland); "Making the Invisible Visible in Victoria" (Veronica Schwarz); "Changing the Position of Women in the PrimarySchools of the Victorian Education Department" (Marilyn Jamieson andBarry Sheehan); "Teaching: An Attractive Career for Women?" (AnnScott and Eddie Clarke); "The South Australian Experience" (John Steinle); "Gender Equity Policy in the Education Department of Western Australia" (Warren Louden); "Women in Educational Management in Primary and Secondary Schools in Tasmania" (Beverly Richardson, Margaret Lonergan and Jan Edwards); "Women in Educational Management in the Northern Territory" (Lyn Powierza); and "Women inEducational Manz3ement in the Australian Capital Territory" (Barry Price). Under "Making Progress," six papers are listed: "Women in Management in Unions" (Di Foggo and Jennie George); "Womenas Candidates for Educational Administration: A Second Interpretation" (Peter OBrien); "Lessons from the Affirmative Action Pilot Program" (Maureen Bickley); "Getting Past 'Shock-Horror': Stages in theAcceptance of Equal Opportunity in an Organisation" (Hester Eisenstein); "Making Progress" (Rosemary Gracanin); and "Toward the Year 2000--Reflections on the Nairobi End of the United Nations Decade for Women Forum and Conference" (Gail Radford). Included are seven appendices. (MLH) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Mc* of Educational Research and Improvement "PERMISSION iO REPRODUCE THI EDUCATIONAL RESC' RCES INFORMATIONMATER HAS BEEN GRANTED CENTER (ERIC) This document has been ren,c41.,ced as received from the person or organization originating it Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view Or opinions stated in this di cu- ment do not necessarily represent official TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE OERI position or policy INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." EDUCATION A01.10RITY REPoitt 9f;t:A-LitATiO!cti.i.cotiOigiticE 141-,Acis*St CANBERRA, ACT THE AUSTRALIAN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY SCHOOLS AUTHORITY MAKING PROGRESS WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT IN PRIMARY & SECONDARY EDUCATION IN AUSTRALIA R'PORT OF A NATIONAL CONFERENCE 1-4 AUGUST 1985, CANBERRA, ACT Edited by Shirley Randell The Australian College of Education, Carlton, Victoria October 1985 Published by: The Australian College of Education James Darling House 916 Swanston Street Carlton, Vic. 3053 c The Australian College of Education Copies may be made of material from this publication without prior reference to the Australian College of Education and the Australian Capital Territory Schools Authority provided only that: (i) they are used for educational purposes and (ii) the source is acknowledged. National Library of Australia Card Numher and ISBN 0 909587 35 3 4 'At present my chances for promotion are so remote that I'll have to work out some way of getting up the system, e.g. open positions. I'm a bit cynical about them though. Some open positions appear to be written for one person and you don't get a lot of encouragement towards promotion if you're a so-called nice, middle-class married lady. The fellows get the support and the career expectations, but there's a lot of women who'll just accept what I'dsee as a subservient role. They really often do seem to get pushed around. Some friends of mine are like that the salary is good, the holidays are good, they enjoy the sense of fulfillment... it's not fulfilling for me. They're very much the second income earners. If the kids are sick, they are the ones to take time off. In our family it's often easier for my husband to take time off when the childrenare sick. I think a lot of the reason that there's so few women in senior positions is societal conditioning and expectations of little girls. They see themselves.as serving and helping in secondary roles. That, plus the fact that women teachers had to resignon marriage in the past and be on temporary employment.' Cited in: Skinner, K. (1980) Women and Promotion: some women's perceptions of the influences on their teaching careers South Australian Education Department, Adelaide. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The editor is indebted to the following persons and organisations: To Dr Greg Hancock, Chief Education Officer, and staff of the Australian Capital Territory Schools Authority for jointly sponsoring the enterprise. To the Council of the Australian College of Education through its Projects Committee, for funding and other support. To government and nongovernment education authorities, principal, teacher and parent associations for their support in enabling representatives to attend the conference. To the authrirs for their contributions. To the Conference Steering Committee, the chairpersons of conference sessions, the leaders of conference workshops and all participants in the conference for their contribution. S')irley Randell FOREWORD The Australian College of Education is a professional association which represents educators at all levels and in all parts of Australia. Its members include infant school teachers; administrators and teachers from the government and non-government sectors, primary and secondary schools, universities and TAFE sectors. The College is not affiliated with any political body, union or other group. Its charter specifically excludes an industrial or union-related role. It can, therefore, speak for education in an objective' manner. In recent years the Co_lege has set out deliberately to sponsor informed debate on a number of significant issues affecting the Australian education community.A key issue of interest to a high proportion of members relates to the role of women in educational 'ranagement. In 1985 the College co-sponsored with the ACT Schools Authority the third of the series of conferences addressing this issue. Evidence of the significance of this issue is found in the level of participation at each conference, support for the recommendations arising from these and the popularity of the proceedings. Within the College itself there has been a noticable increase in the proportion of female members.Although women currently represent about 25% of all members; in 1985 over 40% of new members were women. This reflects the College's new emphasis on equitable representation in all its activities. The moving force in each of these developments has been the President-elect, Ms Shirley Randell. I take this opportunity to congratulate her and her steering committee on these initiatives. The papers printed in this volume reflect the concerns of those who attended this third conference. Their recommendations are designed to contribute to current debate in all school systems. The College is delighted lo be able to publish the proceedings from this important third conference in the hope of fur he progress for women in management in school systems. Dr P B Botsman, A.M. President CONIF N1 S Acknowledgments Foreword Peter Botsman Introduction 1 Shirley Randell Overview l Shirley Randell The Imperatives for Change 11 Ros Kelly THE CURRENT SITUATION FOR WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT IN FRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION Women Teachers and Promotion: a sear. h for some 16 explanations Shirley Sampson :.'omen Principals in Australia 79 Jvdith Chapman Laywomen as Principals in Catholic Secondary Schools? 46 Janice Nash Women in Management in Independent Schools in Australia: 51 is our past still ahead of us? Di Fleming STATE OVERVIEWS The Development of an Equal Employment Opportunity 57 Management Plan in New South Wales Kerry Hyland Making the Invisible Visible in Victoria 61 Veronica Schwarz Changing the Position of Women in the PrimarySchools of 67 the Victorian Education Department Marilyn Jamieson and Barry Sheehan