Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2017-10-17 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff October 17, 2017 2 Cover images represent changes to the checklist. Top left: Lemna mi- nor observed at Watson Lake, June 28, 2017 (http://www.inaturalist. org/observations/6903405). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Top right: Ephemerella aurivillii from Skilak Lake Road, July 21, 2017 (http: //arctos.database.museum/media/10570401). Image CC0 Todd Eske- lin. Bottom left: Andromeda polifolia infected by the fungus Exoba- sidium karstenii, Headquarters Lake, July 18, 2017. (http://www. inaturalist.org/observations/7120482). Image CC BY Matt Bowser. Bottom right: Matteuccia struthiopteris near the Finger Lakes, Au- gust 16, 2017 (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7524787). Im- age CC BY Matt Bowser. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Native species 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 24 Vascular Plants........................................................ 50 Bryophytes .......................................................... 65 Other Plants ......................................................... 69 Chromista........................................................... 70 Fungi ............................................................. 70 Protozoa............................................................ 79 Non-native species 81 Vertebrates .......................................................... 81 Invertebrates ......................................................... 81 Vascular Plants........................................................ 82 Extirpated species 87 Vertebrates .......................................................... 87 Vascular Plants........................................................ 87 Change log 89 References 91 Index 93 3 Introduction Purpose to avoid implying that any of the provisional names we use are formally accepted by formatting them as proper scien- A primary purpose for which the Kenai National Wildlife tific names. Also, note that our database enforces lower case Refuge was established in the Alaska National Interest letters in our specific epithets so that, for example, \Rab- Lands Conservation Act of 1980 was, \to conserve fish and dophaga sp. BOLD:ADA6450" becomes \Rabdophaga sp. wildlife populations and habitats in their natural diver- bold:ada6450." sity. ," where the term “fish and wildlife" was defined Synonymies we included do not necessarily reflect our as \any member of the animal kingdom, including without opinions and are not intended as statements on correct tax- limitation any mammal, fish, bird. , amphibian, reptile, onomy (we generally follow ITIS); rather, synonymns are mollusk, crustacean, arthropod or other invertebrate." An included in the index as an aid to the reader to help find obvious first step toward fulfilling this purpose is to know taxa for which names may have changed. what fish and wildlife, habitats, and natural diversity are to In the checklist non-native species are indicated with a be conserved. This checklist is intended to be a frequently- dagger symbol (y) and species represented by both native updated document reflecting our current knowledge of which and non-native populations are indicated with a double dag- living things call the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge home. ger symbol (z). This list is dynamic and far from perfect with many changes and corrections yet to be made. Please About the list send comments and corrections to Matt Bowser at matt [email protected]. The present list includes a total of 2,130 species. Of these, 2,026 are considered to be native, 99 species are consid- ered to be non-native, and five species are represented Acknowledgments by both native and non-native populations. Nineteen non- native species are believed to have been extirpated from the Thanks and credit are due to many people who have re- Refuge. viewed this list, provided identifications, and helped in other Since the last version of this list (Kenai National Wildlife ways. The list below is by no means exhaustive. Refuge biology staff, 2017) where 2,101 species were listed, there has been a net increase of 29 species added. See the James Bergdahl (Conservation Biology Center, Spokane, change log (page 89) for details. Washington) reviewed and made helpful comments on The list was produced from an in-house database using the Refuge's list of Carabidae. ITIS (http://www.itis.gov) for its taxonomic backbone. Ac- cordingly, names and hierarchies generally follow ITIS ex- Peter Hovingh provided a list of leeches (Hirudinea) col- cept where taxa are not represented in ITIS. lected on the Refuge. Although accepted scientific names are used wherever these are known, we have included provisional identifications John Hudson (USFWS, Juneau, Alaska) provided lists of (for example, \Typhula sp.") where these represent the best Odonata observed on the Refuge. information available. Species recognized only as molecu- Richard Payne (University of York, Heslington, UK) pro- lar operational taxonomic units are also included, mainly vided a list of protists from Jigsaw Lake from Payne entities recognized by Barcode Index Numbers (BINs, Rat- et al.(2006). nasingham and Hebert, 2013). We have chosen not to fol- low the usual convention of italicizing genus and species David Wartinbee (retired from Kenai Peninsula College, names because our current system does not enable us to Soldotna, Alaska) shared a list of Chironomidae he had handle accepted and provisional names separately. We want collected on the Refuge. 5 Native species occurring on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Vertebrates Pungitius pungitius Common names: Tenspined stickleback Phylum Chordata Order Salmoniformes Class Actinopterygii Family Salmonidae Order Cypriniformes Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Family Catostomidae Common names: Humpbacked salmon Catostomus catostomus Oncorhynchus keta Common names: Longnose sucker Common names: Chum salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch Common names: Coho salmon or silver salmon Female Catostomus catostomus from Kelly Lake. Image CC0 Dean and Rickabough(2005). Taxonomic notes: Two forms have been documented from the Refuge: the typical form and a semi-dwarf form known from Wolf and Finger Lakes (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Oncorhynchus kisutch caught at Swanson River Landing, Septem- Distribution and trends: Widespread across Alaska, northern ber 17, 2008. Image CC BY Matt Bowser, http:// www.inaturalist. North America, and into Arctic Siberia (Page and Burr, 1991), this org/ observations/ 4891214. species is present in the Kenai River and Swanson River watersheds : Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a) on the Refuge (Dean and Rickabough, 2005). Literature records iNatu- ralist observations: 4891214 Biology: Catostomus catostomus is a bottom-feeder, consuming mainly invertebrates (Mansfield, 2004). Oncorhynchus mykiss Literature records: Dean and Rickabough(2005), Friedersdorff Common names: Steelhead (1986), Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Friedersdorff and Jakubas Literature records: Kyle(1992): iNaturalist observations: (1984b) 1814201, 811982 Oncorhynchus nerka Order Gasterosteiformes Common names: Sockeye salmon or kokanee : Kyle(1992) : Family Gasterosteidae Literature records iNaturalist observations 1021584 Gasterosteus aculeatus Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Common names: Threespine stickleback Common names: Chinook salmon or king salmon Prosopium cylindraceum Common names: Round whitefish Literature records: Kyle(1992) Salvelinus alpinus Common names: Arctic char Gasterosteus aculeatus at Headquarters Lake, October 15, Salvelinus malma 2015. Image CC0 Matt Bowser, http:// www.inaturalist.org/ Common names: Dolly varden observations/ 2138344. Literature records: Kyle(1992) iNaturalist observations: 811997 Literature records: Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Kyle (1992), Sprehn et al.(2015) iNaturalist observations: 2138344 Salvelinus namaycush 7 8 NATIVE SPECIES Common names: Lake trout Literature records: Morton et al.(2017) eBird checklists: Literature records: Kyle(1992) S4342574, S5250829, S5866236, S5866241, S5866245, S5866246, S5866248, S5866252, S5866253, S5866254, S5866263, S5866267, Order Scorpaeniformes S5866268, S5866272, S5866275, S5866276, S5866277, S5866284, S5866288, S5866290, S5866291, S5866297, S5866303, S5866306, Family Cottidae S5866308, S5866309, S5866310, S5870964, S5870965, S5870966, Cottus aleuticus S5870974, S5870975, S5870981, S5870987, S5870990, S5870992, S5870993, S5870994, S5870995, S5882060, S6431386, S6550978, Common names: Coastrange sculpin S6550980, S6550981, S6550983, S6550989, S6550990, S6550991, Literature records: Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Kyle S6550993, S6550995, S6550999, S6551000, S6551002, S6551003, (1992) S6551004, S6551005, S6551006, S6551007, S6551008, S6551009, Cottus cognatus S6551010, S6551011, S6551018, S6551028, S6551029, S6980221, Common names: Slimy sculpin S6980227, S6980233, S6980242, S6980243, S6980244, S6980254, Literature records: Friedersdorff and Jakubas(1984a), Kyle S6980259, S6980260, S6980266, S6980269, S6980271, S6980272, (1992) S6980274, S6980276, S6980277, S6980278, S6980279, S6980280, S6980281, S6980282, S6980284, S6980285, S6980286, S6980287, Class Amphibia S6980288, S6980289, S6980290, S6980291, S6980292,