Engagement Toolkit Methods, tips and best practices to design effective participatory processes Prepared by EFSA based on desk research undertaken by Prospex and iCONs (outsourced activity) Last updated: March 2021 European Food Safety Authority Via Carlo Magno 1A – 43126 Parma, Italy Tel. +39 0521 036 111│ www.efsa.europa.eu Table of contents The toolkit’s scope and objectives ...................................................................... 7 Introductory section .......................................................................................... 9 Glossary ............................................................................................................ 9 Recommendations for an effective engagement process .......................................... 9 Consider engagement as a continuous and circular process ................................... 9 Adopt a multi-level approach (EU and Local) ..................................................... 10 Some general principles to bear in mind ........................................................... 11 EFSA’s engagement model ............................................................................... 13 Why does EFSA engage, and with whom? ............................................................ 13 Three streams, one framework........................................................................... 14 The ‘Preparedness’ stream ................................................................................. 14 The ‘Quality of science’ stream ........................................................................... 15 The ‘Stakeholder dialogue’ stream ...................................................................... 15 The inventory of engagement methods ............................................................ 16 Objectives ....................................................................................................... 16 Broadening pool of experts and stakeholders .................................................... 16 Introduce new and/or more agile engagement formats ....................................... 16 Enhance the quality of scientific outputs through engagement ............................. 16 Enhance the transparency of the risk assessment process................................... 16 Structure ......................................................................................................... 16 How to identify the right method(s) ................................................................. 18 Purpose-based selection .................................................................................... 18 Stream-based selection ..................................................................................... 19 Recommended methods for the ‘Preparedness’ stream ....................................... 20 Recommended methods for the ‘Quality of science’ stream ................................. 20 Recommended methods for the ‘Stakeholder dialogue’ stream ............................ 22 ANNEX I - Engagement methods A to Z ............................................................ 24 Academic social networking sites ........................................................................ 24 After action review (AAR) .................................................................................. 25 Brainstorming .................................................................................................. 27 Buzz groups ..................................................................................................... 29 Challenge prize ................................................................................................ 31 Community based participatory research ............................................................. 33 2 Community of practice ...................................................................................... 35 Concept mapping ............................................................................................. 37 Consensus Conference ...................................................................................... 40 Crowdsourcing ................................................................................................. 42 Delphi Method/Technique .................................................................................. 43 Design Thinking, Project-in-a day ....................................................................... 45 Discussion forum .............................................................................................. 47 E-conference ................................................................................................... 48 Envisioning the future ....................................................................................... 50 Expert knowledge elicitation (EKE) ..................................................................... 52 Expert Interview with audience .......................................................................... 53 Focus group ..................................................................................................... 54 Gamestorming ................................................................................................. 56 Gamification .................................................................................................... 57 Group interview with a co-design session ............................................................ 58 Icebreakers and energizers ................................................................................ 60 Innovation jam ................................................................................................ 63 Interview......................................................................................................... 64 Most significant change ..................................................................................... 66 Online jam....................................................................................................... 69 Online Platform ................................................................................................ 71 Online Survey .................................................................................................. 72 Open innovation challenge ................................................................................. 74 Nominal group technique ................................................................................... 75 Participatory design .......................................................................................... 77 Participatory modelling ...................................................................................... 79 Participatory sensing ......................................................................................... 81 Participatory workshops .................................................................................... 82 Fishbowl ....................................................................................................... 83 Innovation Challenge ..................................................................................... 86 Knowledge Fair .............................................................................................. 87 Open space technology................................................................................... 89 Unconference ................................................................................................ 92 Six thinking hats............................................................................................ 94 World café .................................................................................................... 96 3 Peer Assist ...................................................................................................... 99 PESTEL and SWOT combined ........................................................................... 102 Public consultations ........................................................................................ 104 Public events ................................................................................................. 104 Q-methodology stakeholder selection ................................................................ 106 Reflexive interactive design ............................................................................. 107 Research agenda camp ................................................................................... 109 Science Café .................................................................................................. 111 Science shops ................................................................................................ 113 Science week ................................................................................................. 114 Scoping study ................................................................................................ 116 Stakeholder working groups ............................................................................ 118 Swot Analysis ................................................................................................ 119 TOP 100 list ................................................................................................... 122 TOPSY TURVY (or Reverse Brainstorming) ......................................................... 124 User committee .............................................................................................. 126 VIPP Cards Collection