1 Supplementary Online Content 2 3 Clausen M-L, Agner T, Lilje B, et al. Association of disease severity with skin microbiome and filaggrin gene mutations in adult atopic dermatitis 4 [published online January 17, 2018]. JAMA Dermatol. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.5440 5 6 eTable 1. Supplementary data 7 eFigure 2. Microbiome in relation to age 8 eFigure 3. Skin microbiome in relation to skin type 9 eFigure 4. Microbiome of all skin and nose samples 10 eFigure 5. Barplot of bacterial species in nose samples of AD patients and healthy controls 11 eTable 6. Distribution of clusters in skin and nasal samples 12 eFigure 7. Skin and nose microbiome in relation to disease severity (SCORAD) 13 This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. 14 15 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 16 Supplementary data 17 Table e1: d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Ralstonia; s solanacearum d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Burkholderia; s caledonica d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Burkholderia; s diazotrophica d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Comamonadaceae; g Pelomonas; s saccharophila d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Burkholderia; s unclassified d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Ralstonia; s unclassified d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Rhodobacterales; f Rhodobacteraceae; g Paracoccus; s huijuniae d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Comamonadaceae; g Comamonas; s denitrificans d Bacteria; p Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast; c Chloroplast; o Chloroplast; f Streptophyta; g Pinus; s thunbergii d Bacteria; p Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast; c Chloroplast; o Chloroplast; f Streptophyta; g Daucus; s carota d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Rhodobacterales; f Rhodobacteraceae; g Paracoccus; s unclassified d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Rhodobacterales; f Rhodobacteraceae; g Paracoccus; s marcusii d Bacteria; p Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast; c Chloroplast; o Chloroplast; f Streptophyta; g Calycanthus; s floridus d Bacteria; p Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast; c Chloroplast; o Chloroplast; f Streptophyta; g Ricinus; s communis d Bacteria; p Actinobacteria; c Actinobacteria; o Actinomycetales; f Micrococcaceae; g Citricoccus; s nitrophenolicus d Bacteria; p Actinobacteria; c Actinobacteria; o Actinomycetales; f Microbacteriaceae; g Agromyces; s mediolanus d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Rhodobacterales; f Rhodobacteraceae; g Paracoccus; s siganidrum d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Sphingomonadales; f Sphingomonadaceae; g Sphingomonas; s unclassified d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Gammaproteobacteria; o Pseudomonadales; f Pseudomonadaceae; g Pseudomonas; s fluorescens d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Betaproteobacteria; o Burkholderiales; f Burkholderiaceae; g Burkholderia; s ferrariae d Bacteria; p Proteobacteria; c Alphaproteobacteria; o Rhizobiales; f Bradyrhizobiaceae; g Bradyrhizobium; s cytisi 18 19 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 20 Figure e2: Microbiome in relation to age 21 22 The relation between age and skin microbiome was analysed, and we found no relation (PERMANOVA test, p=0.99). 23 PCoA plot was used to illustrate differences between age groups. 24 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 25 Figure e3: Skin microbiome in relation to skin type 26 27 28 The relation between skin type (dry or moist) and the skin microbiome was analysed. No association of skin type was 29 found (p=0.29). 30 31 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 32 Figure e4: Microbiome of all skin and nose samples 33 34 Differences in microbiome between nose samples, and between skin samples, were analysed and plotted using PCoA. 35 Differences in microbiome were found, between AD nose and healthy control nose (p=0.001), between AD lesional and 36 AD non-lesional skin (p=0.001), and healthy control and AD non-lesional (p=0.001). 37 38 39 40 41 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 42 Figure e5: Barplot of bacterial species in nose samples of AD patients and healthy controls 43 44 Barplots of bacterial species in nose samples of AD patients and healthy controls, performed at genus level, except for 45 Staphylococcus, which was kept at species level. Hierarchical clustering was performed according to similarity of the © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 46 microbiome, and five different clusters were identified (I-V). Disease severity (SCORAD) and filaggrin mutation status 47 are shown for AD patients. 48 49 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 50 Table e6: Distribution of clusters in skin and nasal samples. 51 Skin samples CLUSTER AD lesional skin AD non-lesional skin Healthy control skin I 18 (32%) 4 (7%) 0 II 1 (2%) 6 (11%) 1 (2%) III 3 (5%) 7 (12.5%) 1 (2%) IV 0 7 (12.5%) 7 (16%) V 34 (61%) 32 (57%) 36 (80%) 52 53 54 Hierarchical clustering of samples was performed according to similarity of the microbiome. Five different clusters 55 were identified in skin samples. For skin samples, differences in cluster distribution were found between AD lesional, 56 AD non-lesional and healthy control skin, with cluster V being the most dominant for both AD patients and healthy 57 controls. 58 59 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 60 Figure e7: Skin and nose microbiome in relation to disease severity (SCORAD) 61 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021 62 Microbiome in relation to disease severity (SCORAD), for skin and nose samples in AD patients. Differences in 63 microbiome were found and relates to disease severity for all sampled areas of AD patients. Differences are illustrated 64 by PCoA plots. a) AD non-lesional skin (p=0.007); b) AD lesional skin (p=0.001); c) AD nose (p=0.005). 65 © 2017 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/24/2021.