NUJHS Vol. 4, No.4, December 2014, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health Science Nitte University Journal of Health Science Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief: K. R. Shetty, Editor: Arunachalam Kumar, Associate Editor: M. S. Ravi Board of Advisors G M. Shantharam Shetty G S. Ramananda Shetty G Rajendra Prasad G C. S. Shastri G Fatima D'Silva G Dhanesh Kumar K.U. G C. Vaman Rao G M.S. Moodithaya G Satheesh Kumar Bhandary G Vasudeva Kamath, USA G B. Sundar, Bengaluru, G Avinash Shetty, USA G Kapadia, Bahrain, G Anupam Agarwal, USA G Christopher Sudhakar G M. Rajshekar Editorial Office: Email: [email protected] / web: nitte.edu.in/journal Phone: 0824-2204300 Fax: 824-2204305 Address: Editor, Nitte University Journal of Health Science University Enclave, Health Science Complex, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, India The opinions and observations contained the journal are those of the authors/s and not of the NUJHS Editorial Board Subscription: Annual (4 issues) Rs. 1000 / Single copy: Rs. 300: For subscriptions or copies contact: [email protected] INDEXED / CITED in Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, GFMER, Nursesmeet, HINARI, Mosbys, getCITED, EBSCOhost, Summon by Serial Solutions, SCOPUS, Genamics JournalSeek, EMBASE / Excerpta Medica, ProQuest, ProQuest Pharma Collection, WAME, ResearchGate, SciVerse, Biobase-CABS, DOAJ, Journal Rate, Research Bib, World Cat, Universal Impact Factor, CIRRIE, CiteFactor, Urlich's International Periodical Directory, Biblioteca Informa, SCIRUS & Health Science Research Network. The Nitte University Journal of Health Science (NUJHS) is a peer-reviewed indexed, open access, quarterly research publication. The annual subscription for NUJHS is Rs 1,000/- (4 issues). DDs / Checks payable to Nitte University Journal of Health Sciences, Syndicate Bank, ABSMIDS Branch, Deralakatte can be mailed to Dr. Arunachalam Kumar, Editor, NUJHS Journal Office, K. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore 585018, India. Single copies are available on payment of Rs. 300 each, by cash or check at the Journal Office. 1 NUJHS Vol. 4, No.4, December 2014, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health Science Contents Page No Contents 2 Original Articles Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaves of Lannea Kerstingii Engl & K. Krause (Anacadiaceae) - Njinga NS, Sule MI , Pateh UU , Hassan HS, Ahmad MM, Abdullahi ST, Danja Ba & Bawa B 4 Locomotor Treadmill Training Program Using Driven Gait Orthosis Versus Manual Treadmill Therapy on Motor Output in Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy Children - Reda S.M. Sarhan, Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan & Riziq Allah Mustafa Gaowgzeh 10 A Study to Assess the Level of Attitude Towards Euthanasia Among Health Personnel - Maria Therese A., Rukumani J., Pon Princess Mano, Ponrani & Nirmala 18 Prevalence of Under-Nutrition and Anemia Among Under Five Rural Children of South Karnataka, India - Nanjunda 24 Cross Sectional Study of Attitude, Practice and Knowledge of Oral Hygiene Practices and Dental Treatment in Health Care Professionals in South Canara District.( Karnataka) - Sharath K.S., Manavi Prabhu, Biju Thomas & Shamila Shetty 28 Occurrence of iron Deficiency Anemia Between Over Weight and Normal Weight Adolescents in Selected Schools in Udupi District - Sujatha R. & Reshma 33 Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module on Knowledge of Post Operative Self Care for Mothers Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section in Selected Hospitals, Mangalore - Elizabeth Rajan & Sabitha Nayak 39 Perception Regarding Female Feticide Among Females Attending Out Patient Departments of Selected Hospital of Ludhiana City - Mamta Choudhary 42 Surface Topography of Dental Implants - Vinaya Bhat & S. Sriram Balaji 46 Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Virulence Factors Among ESBL and Non-ESBL Producing Escherichia Coli - Shilpa Shenoy, Sumathi K. & A. Veena Shetty 55 A Study of Footprints of Tree-climbing Communities of South India - P. Shivarama Bhat & Arunachalam Kumar 60 Sleep Duration and Sleep Hygiene Practices in Adolescents : Age and Gender Differences - Bindu John 65 Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Their Co -relation to Habits in Patients Visiting A Dental School of South Karnataka : A Cross Sectional Survey- 2012 - Mithra N. Hegde, Radhika Jain & Ashwitha Punja 69 The Awareness in Biomedical Waste Management of Nursing Staff at A Tertiary Care Hospital of Mangalore, South India - Rashmi Kundapur, Tanmay Bhat, Sanjeev Badiger & Rajesh Ballal 73 Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Electron Beam Irradiated Endodontic Sealer - A Geethashri, KJ Palaksha, B Mohana Kumar, KR Sridhar,Ganesh Sanjeev, A Veena Shetty 76 Knowledge and Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension Among Adults in Selected Villages of Udupi District - Karnataka - Suja Karkada, Navaneetha & Ansuya 81 2 NUJHS Vol. 4, No.4, December 2014, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health Science Page No A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge on Breast Cancer and Utilization of Mammogram Among Women in Selected Villages of Udupi District, Karnataka - Arkierupaia Shadap, Maria Pais & Anusuya Prabhu 84 Evaluation of Salivary Enzymes in Post Menopausal Women with and Without Periodontitis - Santhosh Shenoy B., Prajnya Shenoy, Avaneendra Talwar, Biju Thomas, Sharath K.S. & Shamila Shetty K. 88 Basic Life Support- A Stitch in Time - Muralee Mohan, Rajendra Prasad, S.M. Sharma, Deepthi Shetty & Kalpa Pandya 92 Case Reports Unilateral Bicondylar Hoffa Fracture with A Fracture Shaft and Dislocated Knee and Hip in A Middle Aged Adult : A Rare Case Report - Ashwin Shetty, Sanath Kumar Shetty, Arjun Ballal, Nirmal Babu & Ravindranath Rai 96 Monoarticular Synovitis of Knee Due to Unrecognised Intra-Articular Plant Splinter - Siddharth M. Shetty, Vikram Shetty, Arjun Ballal & Jayaprakash Shetty 99 A Case Report on Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - Babu Dharmarajan, Sanil Varghese & Sachina B.T. 102 Ocular Manifestations of Aplastic Anemia Following Platelet Trasfusion : A Case Report - Divyalakshmi K.S. & Kalpana B.N. 104 A Rare Case of Scrub Typhus Masquerading as Breast Abscess - Pothukuchi Venkata Krishna, Venkata Ravikumar Chepuri, Sudhakar Kanumuri, Raghavareddy Yarram & Sailaja Yadalla 107 Treatment of Ankyloglossia Using Diode Laser – A Case Report - Manavi Prabhu, Sharath KS, Biju Thomas, Santhosh Shenoy B, Shamila Shetty 110 Female Patient with A Variant of Turner Syndrome - Meenakshi A., Prashanth Shetty, Suchetha Kumari, Jayarama Kadandale, Neetha Nandan 113 Resistant Candida Pneumonia in Two Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Baikunje S, Upadhyaya VS, Hosmane GB& Rama Prakasha S 117 Review Articles Role of Phytochemicals in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders : A Review - Ananya Madiyal, Vidya Ajila, Subhas G Babu, Shruthi Hedge, Harini Keshavaiah & Priyadharshini Alva M 120 Embryonic Cysts, Sinuses and Fistulae of Branchial Origin - Arunachalam Kumar 126 A Review of Current Concepts in Bruxism – Diagnosis and Management - Krishna Prasad D, Archana Ashok Swaminathan & Anupama Prasad D. 129 Instructions to authors 137 Nujhs Declaration and Right Transfer Form 140 3 NUJHS Vol. 4, No.4, December 2014, ISSN 2249-7110 Nitte University Journal of Health Science Original Article PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAVES OF LANNEA KERSTINGII ENGL & K. KRAUSE (ANACADIACEAE) Njinga NS1 , Sule MI2 , Pateh UU3 , Hassan HS4 , Ahmad MM5 , Abdullahi ST6 , Danja BA7 & Bawa B8 1,6Lecturers, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ilorin, 2Professor, 4Senior Lecturer, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, 3Associate Professor & Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 5Pharmacist, Dr. Gwamna Awan Memorial Hospital, Kakuri, 7Lecturer, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University Kashere, Gombe, 8Researche Scholar, National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Nigeria. Correspondence : Njinga N.S. Lecturer, Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin. E-mail : [email protected] Abstract : The phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether and crude methanol extracts, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the leaves of Lannea kerstingii were investigated. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids and triterpenes in the petroleum ether extract, steroid, triterpene, flavonoids and tannins in both crude methanol extract and chloroform fraction while the ethyl acetate fraction contained only flavonoids and tannins. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities with zones of inhibition ranging from 17.00 to 21.03, 20.10 to 25.24, 25.32 to 34.02 and 22.28 to 27.20 mm for petroleum ether extract, methanol extract, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration was between 5 and 10mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the petroleum ether and methanol extract respectively, and between 2.5 and 5 mg/ml, 5mg/ml for the acetate fractions. The minimum bactericidal concentration for all the extracts was 40mg/ml respectively except for chloroform fraction which ranged from 20 to 40mg/ml. The minimum fungicidal concentration for all the extracts was found to be 40mg/ml respectively. This result indicates the broad spectrum antimicrobial potential of L. Kerstingii and justifies the use of this plant in traditional medicine. Keywords : antimicrobial, phytochemical, barteri, lannea kerstingii Introduction : the living conditions