RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK (RPF) FOR PROPOSED 340KM MBEYA –TUNDUMA–SUMBAWANGA 400KV TRANSMISSION LINE AND ~4KM TUNDUMA SUBSTATION TO TANZANIA-ZAMBIA BORDER 330KV TRANSMISSION LINE AND ASSOCIATED SUBSTATION AT TUNDUMA AND SUMBAWANGA VOLUME I: MAIN RPF REPORT PROJECT PROPONENT: Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO), Umeme Park, Ubungo Area, P.O. Box 9024, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Tel: +255 22 2451133, Fax: +255 22 2451149, E-mail: [email protected] PREPARED BY: Ms. Elizabeth J. Aisu Individual Consultant, P.O. Box 20177 Kampala-Uganda Tel: +256 772 616 489, Fax: +255 22 2451149, E-mail: [email protected] 14th April, 2018 LIST OF EXPERTS The following experts were involved during preparation of this Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) for Mbeya-Tunduma-Sumbawanga 400kV Power TL and ~4km of segment of 330kV TL from Tunduma Substation to TanZam border as part of study team: S/N NAME EXPERTISE 1. Ms. Elizabeth Aisu RAP and RPF specialist –Team Leader 2. Ms. Vaileth Kimaro Sociologist 3. Mr. Fikirini M. Mtandika Environmentalist 4. Mr. Izaria Luvanda Land Surveyor 5. District Valuers, District Land Officers and All District where proposed TL traversed District Community Development Officers i TABLE OF CONTENTS List of experts ............................................................................................................................. i Table of contents ........................................................................................................................ ii List of tables .............................................................................................................................. vi List of figures ........................................................................................................................... vii List of acronyms .................................................................................................................... viii Definitions................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 General Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objective of the Resettlement Policy Framework ............................................................... 1 1.3 Methodology used to prepare the RPF................................................................................. 2 1.3.1 Literature reviews ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3.2 Consultations..................................................................................................................... 3 1.3.3 Checklist ........................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................. 4 2.1 Project Background .............................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Project location .................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Objectives of the policy on involuntary resettlement (OP 4.12) ......................................... 5 2.4 Guiding principles for resettlement of people displaced by the project .............................. 7 CHAPTER 3: LAND ACQUISITION AND LIKELY CATEGORIES OF IMPACTS ....... 10 3.1 Project Objective ................................................................................................................ 10 3.2 Project Components that May Require Resettlement ........................................................ 10 3.2.1 Transmission Line ........................................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 Substations ...................................................................................................................... 11 3.2.3 Access Roads .................................................................................................................. 12 3.3 Project Impacts................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.1 Types of Loss Due to Land Acquisition ......................................................................... 12 3.3.1.1 Loss of Assets or Access to Assets .............................................................................. 12 3.3.1.2 Land ............................................................................................................................. 13 3.3.1.3 House structures ........................................................................................................... 13 3.3.1.4 Agriculture ................................................................................................................... 13 3.3.1.5 Natural Assets: ............................................................................................................. 13 3.3.1.6 Public services and recreational grounds ..................................................................... 13 3.3.1.7 Loss of Rental Accommodation or Loss of Business Premises ................................... 13 3.3.1.8 Loss of Structures only (not land) ................................................................................ 13 3.3.1.9 Project Affected People (PAPs) ................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER: 4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES .................................................................... 15 4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 15 4.2 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 15 4.3 Area of influence................................................................................................................ 15 4.4 Administrative structure..................................................................................................... 15 4.5 Governance Structure ......................................................................................................... 18 4.6 Land ownership and land tenure ........................................................................................ 18 4.7 Land acquisition ................................................................................................................. 19 4.8 Land use ............................................................................................................................. 19 ii 4.8.1 Mbeya region – Land Area, Land Use Pattern and Administrative Units ...................... 20 4.8.2 Songwe region – Land Area, Land Use Pattern and Administrative Units .................... 20 4.8.3 Rukwa region – Land Area, Land Use Pattern and Administrative Units ...................... 21 4.9 Population .......................................................................................................................... 21 4.9.1 Existing population ......................................................................................................... 21 4.9.2 Population density and trend ........................................................................................... 25 4.9.3 Population migration ....................................................................................................... 29 4.10 Agricultural activities ....................................................................................................... 30 4.11 Livestock keeping ............................................................................................................ 31 4.12 Socio-economic factors .................................................................................................... 32 4.12.1 Occupation .................................................................................................................... 32 4.12.2 Education ...................................................................................................................... 32 4.12.3 Health ............................................................................................................................ 33 4.12.4 Gender issues ................................................................................................................ 34 4.12.4.1 Women employment status ........................................................................................ 34 4.12.4.2 Level of control over earnings ................................................................................... 34 4.12.4.3 Women level of participation in decision making ..................................................... 35 4.13 Burial Sites ....................................................................................................................... 35 CHAPTER 5: TANZANIA POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .................................. 36 5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................