Copyrighted Material

I N D E X <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">aboriginal gangs, 39 </li><li style="flex:1">allegations against, 113–14 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">arraignment, 171 </li><li style="flex:1">absentee fathers, 68, 88, 231–32 </li></ul>Africa, immigration from, 10 Agincourt Collegiate Institute, 84 AK Kannan (gang), 42 charges, 106, 130, 131, 148, 151, 154 murder trial, 166, 185–86, 198–99, 204–5, 210–11, 218, 239 Akhtar, Suhail, 138, 159–60, 164, 171, 176–77, 179–81, 183, 204–6, 207–8, 212–14, 215, 219, 241, 248 Allen, Janet, 49, 50, 52, 53 Allen, Marcus, 53 sentencing, 241–42, 243–44 Auguste, Arnold, 224 B-Boys, 42 B-Way, 34 Allen, Norris (Bolu), 19, 23, 24–25, 47, 61, 71, 78, 96, 100, 105, 115, 119, 127–29, 139, 153, 176, 182 murder of, 49–51 “baby mama”term, 231 baby mother syndrome, 232 Badibanga, Neville, 62, 63, 128, 152 Band of the Hand, 38 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Allen, Norris, Sr., 54 </li><li style="flex:1">Banks,Wayne, 5, 6, 7, 75, 76–79, 80, </li></ul>82–83, 85, 87–89, 90, 94, 100–1, 103, 105, 106, 109, 216, 219, 248 Bascuñán, Rodrigo, 39–40 basketball, 18, 233 American gangs, 6, 38, 39, 44, 54 Anderson, Shannon, 199–200, 210 Appleby,Timothy, 223, 224 Aransibia, Anthony (“e Fox”), 40–41 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Ardwick Bloods, 92, 232 </li><li style="flex:1">Baylis,Todd, 227–28 </li></ul>Asia, immigration from, 10 Asian gangs, 40, 41 Beanery Boys, 37 Bell, Albert, 12–13 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Aspiodis, Jim, 172 </li><li style="flex:1">Bell, Leonard (“Leo”) </li></ul>Atkins, Alice, 216, 217, 218, 219, 230 Atkins, Philip, 68, 77, 86, 88, 89, 90, 96, 98, 100, 123, 139 childhood, 12–13 criminal background check, 5, 7 immigration to Canada, 13 2 5 4 | I n d e x Bell, Leonard (Continued ) reaction to verdict, 221 Capone, Al, 21 Capote,Truman, 169 Caracciolo, Roger, 58, 121–30, 131, 137–38, 152 relationship with father, 12, 13 religious beliefs, 5, 12 shooting, 2–3, 4–5, 13–14 testimony, murder trial, 177–78 thanksgiving service, 248 victim-impact statement, 243 Bell, Loreen, 13 Caribbean, immigration from, 10–11, 230 Carrillos, Luis, 42–43 Carter, Randy, 58, 59 Cedarbrae Mall, 60 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Berg, David, 163–64, 171–72, 178, 182, </li><li style="flex:1">cell phones, xii, 21, 34, 57, 88, 96, 101 </li></ul>185–86, 198–99, 200, 203, 210–11, Central Toronto Youth Services, 38 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">241–42 </li><li style="flex:1">Centre for Addiction and Mental </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Health, 30 </li><li style="flex:1">Bernard,Violet, 69 </li></ul>Biscombe, Kareem Brenton, 18–19, 20 black cultural identity, 43, 68, 230 black homicide victimization, 227, 229 black-on-black crime, 67–68, 229, 243, 247 (See also young black men) Blair, Bill, 39, 51, 130–31, 148, 234, 235 Blakely, Janice, 76 Charlton/Bell—murder trial Bell testimony, 177–78 closing arguments, 209–14 defence lawyers, 158–64 Ellis testimony, 179–87, 206 court security, 165–67, 217 forensic evidence, 202 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Bloods, 44 </li><li style="flex:1">instructions to jury, 214–15 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">judge’s rulings, 159 </li><li style="flex:1">Bloor Collegiate, 37 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Bonis, Robert R., 31 </li><li style="flex:1">jury selection, 170–74, 239 </li></ul>lawyers’antics, 205–6, 208, 214 media coverage, 200, 217 pre-trail stage, 166–70, 205, 217 sentencing, 243–44 Boys and Girls Club of East Scarborough, 12–19,23,30,49,115 Brando, Marlon, 46 Brenyan Way, 34 Brighton Buccaneers, 162 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, 231 verdict, 216–21 victim-impact statements, 241–43 Wilson testimony, 189–202 Charlton/Bell shooting, 2–3 Crime Stoppers re-enactment, 100 motive. See Galloway/Malvern dispute, origin Buju Banton (reggae group), 54 Burks, Dean, 111–13, 121, 130, 131–32, 141–42, 189, 247, 248 Butcher, Iris, 149 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Butcher, John, 149–50 </li><li style="flex:1">Riley’s statement, 126–29 </li></ul>Charlton, Brenton, Sr., 9–10, 11, 242 Charlton, Brenton Almondo, Jr. (“Junior”) C-Trail (gang), 34 Campbell, Albert, 30 Campden Green (complex), 86 Canada Customs, 149, 150, 157 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 33 employment history, 12 funeral, 7 immigration, 11 investigation of murder. See Project <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Pathfinder </li><li style="flex:1">Cannon, Margaret, 228 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">I n d e x </li><li style="flex:1">|</li><li style="flex:1">2 5 5 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">murder of, 2–3 </li><li style="flex:1">community-based crime-prevention </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">initiatives, 74 </li><li style="flex:1">perception of by others, 12 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">personality, 11, 12 </li><li style="flex:1">community-police relationship, 30, 246, </li></ul>247 (See also racism) physical appearance, 2 relationship with father, 11 relationship with mother, 1, 2, 9, 11 confidential informants (CIs), 51, 95–96 “cool-pose culture,”232 Coppola, Francis Ford, 38 Corbette, Derrick, 110 Cosby, Bill, 231 religious beliefs, 12 Children’s Aid Society (Hamilton), <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">149 </li><li style="flex:1">courts </li></ul>Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 166, 169 racial injustice, 237–38 security, 134–35, 165–67 crack cocaine, 21, 34, 40, 41, 117, 118, 129, 132, 180–81, 183 Chevrolet Impala, 3, 178, 213, 214 Chicago, 43, 246 Childs, Scott, 160–61 Chin, Ben, 224 Crawford, Michael, 230, 231 Creba, Jane, xii, 162, 247 Crime Stoppers, 75, 95, 100 Criminal Code, 81, 85, 104, 168–69, 190 China, immigration, 31 Chinatown, 41 Chinese Boys, 42 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Chinese gangs, 39 </li><li style="flex:1">Criminal Lawyers’Association, 135 </li></ul>criminal organization legislation, 244–45 Chinese Mafia (gang), 38 Chrétien government, 157 Chrysler Neon, 2–4, 5, 75, 110, 142, 176, Crips, 44–45, 54 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">177, 178, 196, 213–14, 242 </li><li style="flex:1">cross-border gun smuggling, 73, 149–50 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">citizenship, 237–38 </li><li style="flex:1">cultural sensitivity, 237 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Curling, Alvin, 227 </li><li style="flex:1">Citytv, 224, 226 </li></ul>Clement, Patrick, 210, 248 clothing, 38, 42, 152, 233 cocaine, 40, 51, 76 (See also crack cocaine) Dambrot, Michael courtroom demeanour, 158 instructions to jury, 214–15 legal background, 157–58, 159 physical appearance, 157 rulings, 159 coded (phone) conversations, 94 Cole, David, 226, 229, 236–39 Cole, Esther, 237 College of Arts, Science and Technology (Jamaica), 13 Colony Grand Ballroom, 171 Colors (film), 38 verdict, 216–21 (See also Charlton/Bell—murder trial) Davis, Mike, 60 Decker, Scott, 246 Colour of Justice ,  e (Tanovich), 235 colours, 42, 44–45 Demetrius, Omar Lloyd, 46–47 deportation, 39, 227, 228 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Devine, Phillip, 134 </li><li style="flex:1">Colton, Guy , 66 </li></ul>Comeau, Al, 5, 6, 7, 76–80, 81–84, 90, 94–96, 100, 101, 105, 109–10, 248 Common Sense Revolution, 238 Dnieper, Robert, 39 Don Jail, 132, 165, 172, 236 Don Mount neighbourhood, 39 2 5 6 | I n d e x <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Driftwood Crips, 92 </li><li style="flex:1">Eunick, Gary, 46 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">drive-by shootings, 6 </li><li style="flex:1">Ewaschuk, Eugene, 25 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">extortion, 41, 131–32 </li><li style="flex:1">drug trade, 10, 19, 20–21, 22, 34, 40–41, </li></ul>51, 54, 76, 117, 118, 119, 129, 131, 132, 149, 157–58, 183, 184, 236 Drummond, Dwight, 226 Durham College, 67 42 Division (Scarborough), 70, 84, 103, 105 Facebook , 217 Durham Regional Police, 23, 89 dynamic entry , 103 Fantino, Julian, 73, 74, 91, 105–6, 130, 233, 234, 235 Fight Night charity event, 160 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Five Points Mall, 89 </li><li style="flex:1">East,Wondez, 15–16, 20, 25, 173 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Eaton Centre, 39 </li><li style="flex:1">folk magic, 100 </li></ul>Edward, Ian, 17–18, 19, 30 Ellis, Christine, 24 Fonda, Jane, 44 forensic firearms tests, 3–4 Forensic Identification Services (Toronto), 66 Ellis, Michael, 67 Ellis, Roland George, x, 18, 19, 29, 34–35, 44–45, 47–48, 52, 55, 61–62, 98, 100, 244 Foster, Cecil, 228, 230 Fough, Patricia, 67, 92 Francis, Carl, 16, 121, 137 Francis, Courtney, 16, 18, 19, 98, 137 Francis, David, 82, 84 Fran’s Restaurant, 116 fraud, 101, 129 allure of gangs, 21–22 arrests, 117, 119 childhood, 115–16 convictions, 117, 180 death threats against, 120, 123, 124, <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">125–26, 129 </li><li style="flex:1">Free Presbyterian Church, 3 </li></ul>definition of gang, 46 interviews with police, 115, 121–29, 131–32 G-checks, 35, 118, 213 Galloway Boys (G-Way) members/associates, xvii–xviii north side, 125, 127, 180 south side, 117, 118–19, 124, 125, 127, 151, 180 lawyers’assessment,182, 209,210,211 physical appearance, 22, 179 relationship with Riley, 24, 119–21, 125, 130, 181, 182, 185 testimony, murder trial, 179–87, 206, 212 turf (map), xxii Galloway Road, 17 testimony, preliminary hearing, 118–19, 137–39, 154 Galloway,William, 28–29 Galloway/Malvern Crew rivalry, 47–48, 95–96, 106, 127, 134 (See also Allen, Norris, murder) witness protection program, 129, 130, 138 Emergency Task Force (ETF), 87, 88, 89, 103, 166 gambling, 41 gang-member database, 42, 46 “Gang Wars:e Failure of Enforcement Tactics ...”(report), 246–47 gangs Empz (gang), 34 Enter the Babylon System: Unpacking Gun Cuture from Samuel Colt to 50 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Cent (Pearce/Bascuñán), 40 </li><li style="flex:1">allure, 21–22, 38, 41, 43–44, 59, 117 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">I n d e x </li><li style="flex:1">|</li><li style="flex:1">2 5 7 </li></ul>characteristics, 45–46 growth, 34, 37–38, 45 identifiers. See clothing; colours; haircuts; hand signals; insignia; shoes; tattoos hand signals, 42 Hargreaves, Mike, 147–49 Harris, Mike, 238 Harvey, Elsada, 11 Harvey, Uleth, 9, 11, 12, 216, 242 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Hayden,Tom, 44 </li><li style="flex:1">leadership structure, 45 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">membership, 21 </li><li style="flex:1">Head to Toe (beauty salon), 96 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Hellyer, Paul, 32 </li><li style="flex:1">mottoes, 17, 46 </li></ul>music, 39 (See also hip-hop music; rap high-risk takedowns, 87, 88, 89 (See also music; reggae music) “no snitch”code, 7, 19, 70, 130 on Charlton/Bell shooting, 126–29 origin of names, 42 dynamic entry) Highway 2, 29 Highway 401, 29, 33, 89, 57 Hinton, S.E., 38 Gartner, Rosemary, 229 Gayle, Clinton, 227–28 Gayle, Ernesto, 99, 115, 247 geographic isolation, 30, 34 (See also black cultural identity; public housing projects) hip-hop music, 39–40, 232, 233 Hispanic Development Council, 42 History of Scarborough, A (Bonis), 31 Hollywood, 37 home invasions, 54, 96, 147 Homeownership Made Easy <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">(program), 33 </li><li style="flex:1">Get Mad Crew, 46 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Getty, Greg, 91, 92 </li><li style="flex:1">homicides,Toronto. See Toronto, </li></ul>homicide solve rate; homicide stats hooping, 167 Gilder Dr. high rise, 148 Gittens, Margaret, 226, 238 Globe and Mail,38,40,161,223,224,238 Hortley, Omar, 5–68, 74, 75, 92, 101, Godfather ,  e (film), 46 110, 113, 131, 142, 153, 154, 229, <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">231 </li><li style="flex:1">Golding, Lew, 23, 30 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Gordon, Robert, 43 </li><li style="flex:1">Hotsteppers, 13 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">graffiti, 38, 42 </li><li style="flex:1">Hyatt, Chris, 86–87, 97, 110 </li></ul>Gravano, Roland George, 115 “Greater Vancouver Gang Study” (Gordon), 43 Ice-T, 54–55 immigration, 10–11, 31, 229–32 Impala. See Chevrolet Impala In Cold Blood (Capote), 169 income gap, 28, 32 GRIT (Gun Reduction Identification Targeting) program, 70 Guildwood Village (the Guild), 28 gun amnesties, 147 Inside the Crips (Smith), 54–55 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">insignia, 45 </li><li style="flex:1">gun registry, 228 </li></ul>gun trafficking. See weapons trafficking gun violence, 73–74, 147, 245–46 Guns and Gangs Task Force, 70 guns, linked to homicides, 147 Invisible Empire (Gartner/ompson), 229 Islington and Finch area, 92 Izzett, Steven, 94 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">haircuts, 38 </li><li style="flex:1">Jack, Dave, 47 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Hamilton, John, 100 </li><li style="flex:1">jail, life in, 107, 131–32 </li></ul>2 5 8 | I n d e x <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Jamaica </li><li style="flex:1">Lawrence, Raymond, 224, 225 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">LeBlanc, Adam, 58 </li><li style="flex:1">and drug trade, 40, 41 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">and folk magic, 100 </li><li style="flex:1">Lee, Derek, 74 </li></ul>immigration, 10, 230–31 Jamaican gangs, 13, 40, 41, 223–24 James, Royson, 231–32 Jamestown Crew, 92 legal aid boycott, 238–39 Leimonis, Georgina (Vivi), 161–62, 227, 228, 247 Leone, Mike, 227–28 Jane -Finch corridor, 27–28, 31, 62, 92 Jane Finch Killaz, 42 Lester B. Pearson Collegiate, 51–52 Lester B. Pearson International Airport, <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">157 </li><li style="flex:1">John Howard Society, 244 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Johnson, Jamol, 108 </li><li style="flex:1">Linquist, Darryl, 110–11, 112–13, 121, </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">129, 130, 152, 189 </li><li style="flex:1">Jones, Emile Mark, 161 </li></ul>Jones, Mark, 69–71, 77, 110, 113, 154 Jordan, Michael, 18 Lockyer, Posner and Campbell, 162 Loparco,Tony, 159 Journal of International Migration and Integration, 236 Los Angeles, 38, 54, 224, 246 jury selection. See Charlton/ Bell—murder trial Mad Soldiers, 117, 118, 180–81 Makin, Kirk, 238 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Just Desserts, 161–62, 227, 228 </li><li style="flex:1">Malvern Christian Assembly, 7 </li></ul>Justice Department (Canada),45,157,158 Malvern Crew members/associates, xviii Kerr, Heather Nicole, 76–80, 81, 82, 96, 100 turf (map), xxii (See also Galloway/Malvern Crew <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">dispute) </li><li style="flex:1">King , Rodney, 224 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">King, Stuart, 65–66 </li><li style="flex:1">Malvern neighbourhood, 6, 24, 30, </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">33–34 </li><li style="flex:1">King Turbo studio, 24 </li></ul>Kingston/Galloway gangs, 42 Kingston Road, 27, 28, 29–30 Malvern Recreation Centre, 34 Malvern Town Centre, 34, 246 Mandela, Nelson, 224 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">La Raza, 43 </li><li style="flex:1">Maplehurst Correctional Complex, </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">63, 153 </li><li style="flex:1">L.A. Boyz, 43 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">language </li><li style="flex:1">Maragh, Marlon, 23, 34 </li></ul>marijuana, 21, 34, 51, 107, 129, 157–58 Martin, Kathryn, 58, 59, 60, 61, 216 Massive (gang), 38 barriers, 43 culturally insensitive, 237–38 and wire monitors, 94 (See also street language) Lastman, Mel, 233–34 Latin America, immigration from, 10 Latin Browns, 43 material witness warrant, 112 Mathews, Fred, 37–38, 41 Matthews, Andre, 20 McComb, David, 160 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Latin Kings, 43 </li><li style="flex:1">McCormack,William, 41 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">McDonald’s, 12 </li><li style="flex:1">Latino gangs, 43 </li></ul>law-and-order agenda, 73–74, 91, 235, 238 McGinty, Dalton, 74 McGuire, Jeff, 83, 92 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">I n d e x </li><li style="flex:1">|</li><li style="flex:1">2 5 9 </li></ul>McKay, Andy, 139, 163, 182 McMurtry, Roy, 227 911 calls, 3 “Nature of Canadian Urban Gangs McMurtry-Curling report, 227, 236 McPherson, Maxeen (Smokey), 110, 119, 127, 128, 139, 187, 193, 196, 201 and eir Use of Firearms”report, 45–46 Neon. See Chrysler Neon New Jack City (film), 19 New York City, xi, 40, 246–47 New York Times, 232 McRae, Nicholson Duncan, 96 McTaggart’s bar, 34, 118, 132 media, 27–28, 42, 43, 91, 137, 175, 181, 200, 217, 223–24 Newby, Frances, 104–5 Nichols, Denae, 63 Meikle, Orim, 67–68, 74, 229, 231 Menace II Society (film), 19 Metro East Detention Centre. See Toronto East Detention Centre Metropolitan Toronto Housing Authority, 32 nicknames, x, 21, 51, 94, 107, 128 Nike Air, 39, 107 Nissan Pathfinder, 25, 105, 110, 123, 130, 178, 184, 185, 186–87, 201, 203, 204, 217 Nitti, Frank, 21 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Miami, drug trade, 40 </li><li style="flex:1">“no snitch”code, 7, 19, 70, 130 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Noble,W.G., 37 </li><li style="flex:1">Midanik, David Morton, 160–62, </li></ul>163, 164, 167, 168, 169, 172, 178, 182–85, 194–98, 200, 201, 203, 205–6, 208, 209–10, 214, 218, 239 Miller, David, 73–74 Nordheimer, Ian, 165–66, 176 north side, G-Boys, 125, 127, 180 North York (ON), 28, 31 Nugent, Sheldon (“Keys”), 125 Ministry of the Attorney General, 134 Mirosolin, Maurice, 162–63, 172, 178, 186–87, 199, 204, 211–12, 215 mistaken identity, 23, 49, 70, 95, 110, 127 O’Connor, Liam, 139 Obama, Barack, 217 Obeah (folk magic), 100 Ogden Funeral Home, 54, 66 Ontario Court of Appeal, 170, 239 Ontario Court of Justice, 106–7, 133, 236 Mitchell, Dave, 107 Moeser, Ron, 31 Monster (Scott), 44 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Morgan, Ann, 81, 85 </li><li style="flex:1">Ontario Housing Corporation (OHC), </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">31 </li><li style="flex:1">Mornelle Court gang, 42, 45 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Morningside Mall, 121 </li><li style="flex:1">Ontario Provincial Police (OPP), 84 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Orton Park, 20 </li><li style="flex:1">Mother Teresa Catholic Elementary </li></ul>School, 87 Outsiders ,  e (Hinton), 38 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Owusu-Bempah, Akwasi, 236 </li><li style="flex:1">motorcycle gangs, 40, 107, 245 </li></ul>murder trial. See Charlton/ <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Bell—murder trial </li><li style="flex:1">Parai, Jacqueline, 66 </li></ul>music, 38 (See also hip-hop music; rap music; reggae music) Parks decision, 170 Parks, Carlton, 170 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">music videos, 39 </li><li style="flex:1">Pasquino, Lesley, 177–78, 182, 201, 241 </li></ul>Mutiisa, Eric, 57–61, 65, 75, 78, 91, 101, Pathfinder. See Nissan Pathfinder; <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">131, 137–38, 153, 216 </li><li style="flex:1">Project Pathfinder </li></ul>2 6 0 | I n d e x <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">patois, 94 </li><li style="flex:1">public housing projects, 27, 28, 29, </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">30–32, 42, 231 </li><li style="flex:1">Patrong, Kofi, 86–87, 97, 110 </li></ul>Patterson, Orlando, 232–33 Pearce, Christian, 39–40 Pecknold, Maureen, 141, 142, 190, 191–94, 197, 199–200, 201, 217, 248 Pye,Wayne, 70 Quebec, motorcycle gangs, 245 Quinn,Tom, 23 Pent, the (Pentagon, high-rise), 20, 61 Philippines, 31 race riots, ix, xi, 224 racial profiling, 235–36 racism, 5, 223–39, 247 raids, 103–5 Pickering (ON), 23 Pine Ridge Secondary School, 23 “the pipe”(building), 29 pizza heists, 20 Ramer, James, 85 Rankin, Jim, 233 police brutality, 19 (See also community- rap music, 39–40, 118 police relations; racism) police scanners, 87 police visibility, 73, 235 Rapsheet (DVD), xi–xii Raybould, Brian, 75, 83, 92 reasonable doubt, 214–15 Pope John Paul II Secondary School, 67 re-examination in chief, 199–200 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Posse, 38 </li><li style="flex:1">Regent Park, 20, 30, 39, 170 </li></ul>Regent Park Posse, 42 Reid, Alton (Ross P), 178, 214 Reid, Gary, 16–17, 23–24, 62–63, 65, 128, 151–53 poverty, ix, 12, 15, 30, 33, 43 prayer teams, 74 preliminary hearing charges, 133, 137 court security, 134–35, 137 Ellis’s testimony, 138–39, 154 judge’s ruling, 153–54 media access, 137, 181 Reid’s testimony, 153 Riley’s testimony, 153 Wilson’s testimony, 90, 141–43, 154, 198–99, 201–2, 213 reputation, 44, 127 respect, 6, 37, 44, 53, 127, 232 Rexdale (ON), 92 Rexdale Posse, 42 Rhema Christian Ministries, 68 Rhodes, Emma, 135, 167 Richards,Teran, 23 ride squads, 54, 119, 139, 176, 182, <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">213, 244 </li><li style="flex:1">Presumed Innocent (Turow), 169 </li></ul>prison sentences, 74, 147, 235, 244, 245 Project Deliverance, 20 Project Flicker, 92 Riley, Marie, 15–16, 17, 20, 24, 99–100, 104, 106–7, 136–37, 155, 181, 216, 230 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Project Fusion, 92 </li><li style="flex:1">Riley,Tyshan </li></ul>Project Impact, 70, 75–76, 82, 91, 94, 96, 245–46 allegations, 95–96, 113 arraignment, 171 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Project Kryptic, 92 </li><li style="flex:1">arrest, 87, 89, 90 </li></ul>Project Pathfinder, 75–80, 90, 93, 94, 131, 195, 245–46 charges, 91, 92, 106, 130, 131, 133, 136, 153–54 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Project XXX, 92 </li><li style="flex:1">childhood, 15–20 </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">prostitution, 29–30 </li><li style="flex:1">criminal activity, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25 </li></ul>

Copyrighted Material

Details

Download

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

Support