GeoAtom, OGC, and the Geospatial Enablement of Everything Joshua Lieberman, Traverse Technologies & Open Geospatial Consortium Scope Georeferencing is not just measurement, but representation (geometry, scale, reference system, attribute, authority) Features are a discernment and representation of real world / geographic phenomena, but not of all reality or all knowledge. Multiple, even conflicting features may be asserted to represent a given information artifact depending on circumstances, authority, application, intention. In whatever form it is encoded, reliable metadata is critical for giving and retaining meaning in any georeferencing process. GeoRSS / GeoAtom is a Web-compatible form of geospatial “reification” which can support multiple / related feature assertions. GeneralGeneral featurefeature ModelModel Model presumes all is shared within an What if features are information created and community consumed by different communities? What if phenomena have already been observed for a different, non- geographic application? (Geo)semantic interoperability stack Human-centric Intention description, navigation Perception visual - aural - tactile Theory persistence, consequence Discernment feature, context Application discovery, analysis Representation geometry, raster Ontology upper, domain, foundation Machine-centric OGC Tools + GML & Simple Features Geometry is not the feature itself, but a property of the feature Geometry is meaningful within a defined coordinate reference system Georeferenced information is represented as “other” feature properties Observations and Measurements Separates the O&M “event” artifact from the “Feature of Interest” Links from the existing information to the georeferencing feature. Observation artifact represented as a feature, with or without a geometry property GeoRSS / GeoAtom Provides a lightweight model and encodings (XML, GML, OWL) for adding feature properties to “other” information Links from the new feature assertion to the existing information without necessarily modifying the information itself OGC Service Tools WFS Gazetteer Profile Specialized feature type for Web Feature Service Update work: feature type & operations Not well suited for either relationships or metadata OGC Catalog “Intended” for metadata records ebRIM profile provides a rich relationship model and soft typing Complex filter interface for full search capabilities Trust, Lies, and Metadata Meta-data is (not necessarily) objective data about data. Meta-data for a resource is (not necessarily) produced only once Meta-data must (not necessarily) have a logically defined semantics. Meta-data can (not always) be described by meta-data documents. Meta-data is (not necessarily) the digital version of library indexing systems. Meta-data is (not necessarily) machine-readable data about data. ...Semantic Web Metadata for e-Learning - Some Architectural Guidelines Mikael Nilsson, Matthias Palmér, Ambjörn Naeve GeoRSS / GeoAtom Day job: tag news feeds and other Web resources with geographic location, for discovery and visual browsing Evening gig: “featurize” resources, a new and independent geographic view of existing information Midnight oil: news about or annotations of existing features, eventful output of Web feature servers, story graphs, links to well-known features GeoRSSGeoRSS 1.11.1 ContentContent ““FeaturizingFeaturizing”” ModelModel <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"> xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2005/IncuGeoRSSGeoRSSbator/geo/2007/"> ExamplesExamples <channel rdf:about="http://www.xml.com/xml/news.rss"> <title>XML.com</title> <link>http://xml.com/pub</link> <description> XML.com features a rich mix of information and services for the XML community. </description> <?xml version="1.0"?> <rss version="2.0" <items> xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/1.0/"> <rdf:Seq> <rdf:li resource="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/xslt/xslt.html<channel> " /> <rdf:li resource="http://xml.com/pub/2000/08/09/rd<title>Liftofffdb/index.html News</title>" /> • GML <geo:point>45.256• Simple -71.92</geo:point> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link> • <georss:where> </rdf:Seq>• <georss:point>45.256 -71.92</georss:point><description>Liftoff to Space Exploration.</description> </items> <language>en-us</language> • <gml:Point> • <georss:line>45.256 -110.45 46.46 -109.48 43.84 - <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 04:00:00 GMT</pubDate>• <gml:pos>45.256 -71.92</gml:pos> </channel> 109.86</georss:line> <lastBuildDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 09:41:01 GMT</lastBuildDate> <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>• </gml:Point> • <georss:polygon> <generator>Weblog Editor 2.0</generator> <managingEditor>[email protected]</managingEditor>• </georss:where><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> • 45.256 -110.45 46.46<webMaster>[email protected] -109.48 43.84 -109.86 45.256</webMaster> <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" -110.45 xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/1.0/"> <item> • <georss:where> <title>Example Feed</title> • </georss:polygon> <title>Star City</title> • <gml:Polygon> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-starcity.asp</link><link href="http://example.org/"/> • <georss:box>42.943 -71.032<description>How 43.039 -69.856</georss:box> do Americans get ready to• work with<gml:exterior> Russian<updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02s aboard the Z</updated> <georss:featuretyeptag>city</georss:featuretypetag>International Space Station? They take a crash course in culture,<aut hor>language • <gml:LinearRing><name>John Doe</name> <georss:relationshiptag>is-contained-and protocol at Russia's Star City.</description> <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2003 09:39:21 GMT</pubDate>• <gml:posList></author> within</georss:relationshiptag> <id>urn:uuid:60a76c80-d399-11d9-b93C-0003939e0af6</id> <guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/06/03.html#item573• 45.256</guid> -110.45 46.46 -109.48 43.84 -109.86 <geo:point>45.256 -71.92</geo:point> </item> 45.256 -110.45<entry> </channel> • </gml:posList><title>Atom-Powered Robots Run Amok</title> </rss> <link href="http://example.org/2003/12/13/atom03"/> • </gml:LinearRing><id>urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6a</id> <updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated> (GeoRSS Simple maps directly • </gml:exterior><summary>Some text.</summary> • </gml:Polygon><geo:point>45.256 -71.92</geo:point> </entry> onto GeoRSS GML) • </georss:where> </feed> CGDI “Update” Entry <entry><entry> <title>Update<title>Update toto BrisbaneBrisbane placenameplacename feature</title>feature</title> <author><author> <name>John<name>John Doe</name>Doe</name> <uri><uri>http://www.johndohttp://www.johndoe.come.com</u</urri>i> <email>[email protected]<email>[email protected]</ema</email>il> </author></author> <category<category scheme="http://www.geobase.ca/feedtypescheme="http://www.geobase.ca/feedtype"" term="term="update"/>update"/> <category<category schemescheme="http://www.geobase.ca/domain="http://www.geobase.ca/domain"" term="Tasmania"/>term="Tasmania"/> <category<category schemescheme="http://www.geobase.ca/feat="http://www.geobase.ca/featuretypeuretype"" term="placename"/>term="placename"/> <category<category scheme="http://www.geobase.cscheme="http://www.geobase.ca/action"a/action" term="update"/>term="update"/> <ca<categorytegory scheme="http://www.geobase.ca/statusscheme="http://www.geobase.ca/status"" term="published"/>term="published"/> <link<link rerel="http://wl="http://www.geobase.ca/linww.geobase.ca/linktype/sourcefeaturektype/sourcefeature"" href="httphref="http://wfs://wfs.geobase.ca?request=GetFeature.geobase.ca?request=GetFeature...."/>.."/> <link<link rel="http://rel="http://wwww.geobase.ca/linktype/feedbackww.geobase.ca/linktype/feedback"" href="urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4href="urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-ebb-aaaa- 80da344efa6a"/>80da344efa6a"/> <link<link rel="alterel="alternate"rnate" href="http://www.geonahref="http://www.geonames.org/Brisbanemes.org/Brisbane"/>"/> <id>urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80<id>urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6b</id>da344efa6b</id> <updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated><updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated> <summary>Update<summary>Update ofof BrisbaneBrisbane placenameplacename feature</summary>feature</summary> <content>Extended<content>Extended descriptiondescription ofof updateupdate action</content>action</content> <georss:where><georss:where> <gml:Point><gml:Point> <gml:<gml:poslist>143.5165125poslist>143.5165125 -42.13445</g-42.13445</gml:poslist>ml:poslist> </gml:Point></gml:Point> </georss:where></georss:where> </entry></entry> Thoughts Application matters: index, search, visualization, analysis, money Georeference is assertion: trust, authority, time-space validity, diversity Sense of place: culturally applicable representation, local usage, general understanding Multiple service levels: simple authorities vs. rich Web mining.