Optimizing Signal Settings Based on Advanced Vehicle Control System for Smart City Puji Catur Siswipraptini1, Meilia Nur Indah Susanti1 , Rosida Nur Aziza2, Abdurrasyid2 1 Senior Lecturer, Sekolah Tinggi Teknik PLN 2Lecturer, Sekolah Tinggi Teknik PLN Abstract The growth in number of vehicles in Indonesia reaches about 10 % every year, but the growth of roads is only 3,14 % in a year. This growth imbalance causes road congestions in big cities, not only in Indonesia but also in Asia, such as Jakarta. Traffic lights that only rely on fixed time settings, not based on the length of the queue, also add to the congestion. Congestion causes some losses, including waste of fuel, loss of time and the delay of arrival of emergency vehicles, such as ambulances and fire trucks, at the scene of an accident.Jakarta needs to adopt the concept of smart city to solve problems, including traffic congestion. We design a prototype of system, which is called Advaced Vehicle Control System (AVCS). This system consists of five components, i.e. : sensing optimization, vehicle control processing, application, information system, and security. AVCS can be considered as a part of the concept of smart city.AVCS comes with sensors to detect the length of the queues on each lane. The information taken from the sensors are used to calculate the traffic light setting using Fuzzy Mamdani method. The method is expected to be able to find an optimal solution for the time delay for each traffic light at each lane.This research also aims to give priority for certain vehicles, such as ambulances and fire trucks,to go through the traffic due to emergency reasons. Data used in the research was collected by observation at the intersections in Jakarta. Keywords: Signal, Fuzzy Mamdani, Advanced Vehicle Control System, Smart City settings. The traffic light system requires changes to be able to perform more optimally. Especially when I. Introduction There were 129,281,079 vehicles in Indonesia there is an emergency vehicle that will go through during 2016. Compared to the year 2001 where there the crossroads. Sometimes when the emergency were only 20,922,235 vehicles, the increase in the vehicle passes through the intersection, the vehicle is number reached 617 % in a span of 15 years [1]. stuck in a traffic jam so that it can lead to delay in Referring to the statistics provided by Indonesian providing help. Central Agency on Statistics (BPS) [1], the current Ambulances and firefighters are included road transportation infrastructure and vehicle monitoring users who have the primary right to take precedence are insufficient in sustaining the increase of vehicles as provided for in Article 134 UULLAJ jo Article 65 and it can cause problems, such as traffic congestions paragraph (1) PP 43/1993. Under existing provision, and accidents. Based on BPS report in 2016 there it is clear that exceptions may be granted by police were about 106,129 cases of highway accidents [2]. officers by allowing road users to pass through red Various ways have been taken in the attempt to lights when there are emergency vehicles. Therefore overcome the traffic problems. Other than that, it is necessary to develop a device that can provide traffic also accounts for 26% of global CO2 emergency signals to smart traffic systems that emissions and car use is the principal contributor to accommodate Article 134 paragraphs a and b. The greenhouse gas emissions. Traffic jam is one of many emergency signalacts as an agent for asking causes of increased emissions. permission to get a wayfrom the traffic. In other In Jakarta, traffic congestions are often words, emergency vehicles can change the traffic encountered at the intersections, especially the light at its lane to change colour to green. intersections of 4 (four) or more lanes. One of the causes is the lack of optimization of the traffic light’s Contact Author: Puji Catur Siswipraptini, Senior Lecturer, Sekolah Tinggi Teknik PLN, Jl. Lingkar Luar Barat Duri Kosambi Cengkareng West Jakarta. II. Related Works Tel: +62-21-5440344 Fax: +62-21-5440343 e-mail: [email protected] Table 1. Related Relevant Researches Authors Literature Result Debnath et A methodological Comparing the logic. Mamdani uses the structure of Min-Max al., framework for application of operation. In this method, fuzzy set solution is 2014 benchmarking smart transportation obtainedby implementing the maximum valuerules. SMART transport in 26 Then, the value is used for modifying the fuzzy area cities cities among the and applying it to the outputusing OR operator. If all world as the proportions have been well as providing evaluated, then the output will contain the fuzzy set that quality reflectscontribution from each proportion. measurement As the research on Vehicle Control System is a framework of part smart city, it is necessary to know the definition that smart of smart city. According to Hall (2000), Smart City transportation is referred as “the safe, secure environmentally systems [3] green, and efficient urban center of the future with Friesen Bluetooth in A basic Bluetooth advanced infrastructures such as sensors, electronics &McLed., Intelligent sensor and networks to stimulate sustainable economic 2015 Transportation system for traffic growth & a high quality of life”. Smart City, System : A monitoring consists according to Barcelona City Hall (2011), is a high- Survey of a Bluetooth tech intensive and advanced city that connects probe device (s) that people, information and city elements using new scans for other Bluetooth-enabled technologies in order to create sustainable greener device (s) within its city, competitive and innovative commerce and an radio proximity, and increase life quality with a straightforward then stores the administration and maintenance system of city. data for future Forrester (2011) stated that the use of Smart analysis and use [4] Computing technologies to make the critical PujiCatur New Smart Integrating infrastructure components and services of a city, et.al.,2016 Traffic Light an automatic system which include city administration, education, using Greedy that is implemented healthcare, public safety, real estate, transportation, Algorithm using Greedy and utilities, more intelligent, interconnected, and algorithm so it is efficient. According to Gartner (2011), the smart city expected to be is based on intelligent exchanges of information that able to find an flow between its many different subsystems. This optimal solution for flow of information is analyzed and translated into the time citizen and commercial services. The city will act on delayfor each traffic this information flow to make its wider ecosystem light. [5] more resource-efficient and sustainable. The Garg Traffic Lights the dynamic control information exchange is based on a smart governance &Hiteshi., Control System of traffic lights in an operating framework designed for cities sustainable 2017 For Indian Cities isolated intersection, [7]. Using WSN And i.e., an intersection Fuzzy Control whose incoming vehicle flows are not affected by the IV. Methodology effects of upstream traffic lights. [6] This research was conducted in the following procedures, as shown in figure 1: literature review, Some of recent relevant studies on intelligent resume analysis, synthesis, idea/design proposal, and technology have been proposed in the related conclusion. In literature review, several research literatures. Table I points out some of those relevant reports related to transportation system and vehicle researches. Review of those relevant studies reveals management were collected and reviewed. The result that there are some areas that have not been of the review was used to make resume analysis and explained, for example the comprehensive study that to formulate synthesis. After synthesizing suggestion explain the future transportation system. for Intelligent Transport System, proposed idea was produced. The final step was to generate conclusion of this research. III. Theoretical Background Mamdani method is one of the inference tech- niques in Fuzzy. The inference technique is a way of mapping an input to an aoutput space using Fuzzy the duration of the green light based on the length of the queue and the number of vehicles. Dissemination Information about the real condition on the road can be sent through the smart traffic application system smart traffic light via social media, such as Line and Literature Resume Proposed Implemen Conclusion Review Analysis Idea tation twitter. With the use of smart traffic system application then the traffic light arrangement for emergency vehicles can be controlled through the security menu in application by granting access rights on the system. Fig.1. Research Methodology A. Literature Review Table 2. Smart City Technology [8] Category Definition Sensing Monitor any external change of status and transmit collected data to process and respond to signals from Fig.2. Mindmap of 5 Components of Advanced sensors Vehicle Control System Processing Process data from sensors according to an analysis leading to a rational decision C. Proposed Idea Network Connect each device and user to support efficient communication Deploying a Smart City is a multi-disciplinary Interface Convert the information that flows task,that involves various stakeholders from different between devices or between users thematic. areas, like politics, finance, city and devices into a more intelligible management and organization, and information and form (Graphical,