Proceedings of the Indigenous Indicators of Well-being: Perspectives, Practices, S Proceedings of the MATAURANGA TAKETAKE: TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE CONFERENCE Indigenous Indicators of Well-being: Perspectives, Practices, Solutions MATAURANGA TAKETAKE: TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE CONFERENCE KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL TAKETAKE: MATAURANGA olutions New Zealand’s Mäori Centre of Research Excellence ISBN 0-9582610-4-0 New Zealand’s Mäori Centre of Research Excellence matauranga.indd 1 27/11/07 12:48:23 PM These proceedings have been published by the Knowledge Exchange Programme of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga (The National Institute of Research Excellence for Māori Development and Advancement) www.maramatanga.co.nz Contact Details: Waipapa Marae Complex 16 Wynyard Street Private Bag 92019 The University of Auckland New Zealand [email protected] Printed in December 2007 by PRINTSTOP+, Auckland, New Zealand Cover design by Len Hetet (Ocean 64 Ltd) ISBN 0-9582610-4-0 © Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga holds copyright for these proceedings while individual authors hold copyright for their own articles. This publication cannot be reproduced and sold for profit by others. Mātauranga Taketake: Traditional Knowledge Indigenous Indicators of Well-being: Perspectives, Practices, Solutions 2006 14–17 June 2006 Wellington, New Zealand Convened by Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga The National Institute of Research Excellence for Māori Development and Advancement Academic Convenor Professor L. T. Smith Conference Organiser Knowledge Exchange Programme Leader Dr J. S. Te Rito Editor Dr J. S. Te Rito Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga is one of seven Centres of Research Excellence that were funded by the New Zealand Government in 2002. It was established as The National Institute of Research Excellence for Māori Development and Advancement and is hosted by The University of Auckland. Its participating entities are spread throughout New Zealand. The Institute offers three distinct but intersecting programmes: Research, Capability Building and Knowledge Exchange. Whakataukī (Proverb) Ko te pae tawhiti arumia kia tata Seek to bring the distant horizon nearer Ko te pae tata whakamaua Grasp it firmly once near Kia puta i te wheiao ki te ao mārama And so emerge from darkness into enlightenment Joint Directors Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith & Professor Michael Walker Accompanying DVD A DVD is provided with this Proceedings. It contains the edited presentations of the Opening Address by Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith as well as the presentations by the international keynote speakers: Dr Diery Seck, Dr Holly Dublin, Professor Karina Walters, Dr Sylvia Marcos and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz. The filming was carried out by Double Cove Productions of Wellington and the video-editing by Josie McClutchie of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga. Cover Design The cover design is a hoe (paddle) carved by Len Hetet. Just as the hoe serves to make the waka advance, so this book is a tool to advance the waka, Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, and the aspirations for the well-being of Māori and indigenous peoples held by those at the Mātauranga Taketake Conference. Mihi Anei rā a manawa e ngunguru, e hotu tonu nei ki a rātau kua riro ki Paerau, ā, moe mai rā koutou. Heoi anō tā tātau ā te hunga moke, he pupuri tonu i a rātau ki te kokonga ngākau, ki te mahara. Otirā, ka mihi tonu ki ō tātau marae kāinga o te motu, tēnā rawa atu koutou. Ā, ka mihi nā ki ngā kaiwāhi kōrero o te hui nei, ā, ki te hunga rangahau anō hoki huri noa i te ao. Ko koutou rā ēnei i whakapau kaha nei ki te tō mai i te pae tawhiti kia tata, arā, e taea ai pea e tēnei whakatipuranga te whāiro te ao o nehe me te mātauranga taketake o kui koro mā. Ko te hauora o taua mātauranga taketake nei kai te kitea mārikatia, i te mahi a te kaupapa Māori kua whakamanahia nei i kō, i kō, ā, me te mihi anō hoki ki te pakihiwi kaha mō tērā. Hai konei, ka huri ake ki a koutou ngā mātāwaka i kotahi mai nei ki te karanga a Ngā Pae o Te Māramatanga, tēnā koutou! Huri noa ki ngā kaitautoko me te pūtea āwhina a tēnā, a tēnā, ā, ki ngā whakapaunga werawera anō hoki a mea, a mea, kia tū rangatira ai tēnei kaupapa a tātau, tēnā koutou, tēnā koutou, tēnā tātau katoa. Greeting We acknowledge our ancestors and all of our loved ones who have passed on to Paerau – sleep in peace. We will hold you within our hearts and memories forever. We also acknowledge our villages across the land. And we thank our keynote speakers and the contributors of articles from across the world. You have drawn on your links to the past, your tribal stories, customary practices and traditions – to bring distant horizons closer, thus allowing today’s generation a glimpse into ancient times and the traditional indigenous knowledge of our forbears. Indigenous knowledge and indicators of its well-being are evident in the growth of the many Māori- based initiatives currently operating throughout the country; and those responsible for effecting change deserve to be congratulated for their efforts. To the participants who rallied to the call of Ngā Pae o Te Māramatanga, thank you. Thank you also to our sponsors, and all those who worked tirelessly to ensure its success, greetings one and all. Acknowledgements Conference Sponsors Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga Manatū Hauora – Ministry of Health Te Puni Kōkiri Statistics New Zealand – Tatauranga Aotearoa Toi te Taiao – Bioethics Council Tohu Wines Honoured Guests and Contributors The Honourable Parekura Horomia who opened the Conference The Honourable Nanaia Mahuta who closed the Conference Dr Pita Sharples (Co-leader of Māori Party) who gave a presentation The facilitators: Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith, Moana Jackson and Aroha Mead The keynote speakers: Dr Diery Seck, Dr Holly T. Dublin, Professor Karina Walters, Erykah Kyle, Dr Sylvia Marcos and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz Kuia (Elder) Pauline Tangiora who gave a special presentation The presenters who submitted papers for publication All the other presenters and Conference delegates – especially the contingents from Hawai`i, North America and Australia The community organisations who gave presentations The satellite groups which contributed to the Conference Professor Michael Walker who gave the Closing Address The Abstracts committee: Dr Joanna Kidman, Aroha Mead and Dr Hazel Phillips Stormie Waapu who assisted in the organisation of the Conference The Secretariat of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga for their work Jenny Tucker for her contacts in Africa Mike Cave who organised the website: www.traditionalknowledge.co.nz Double Cove Productions for filming Josie McClutchie for video editing Te Papa Tongarewa for the provision of a wonderful venue Editorial Team Bruce Duffin, Phoebe Fletcher, Materoa Haenga (Māori language editor), Dr Susan Healy, Cherie Lacey, Dr Jane McRae, Zaine Mitchell, Maureen Nuku, Pareputiputi Nuku, Jan Sinclair and Dr Joseph Te Rito Table of Contents Foreword Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith i Introductory Remarks Jan Sinclair ii Editor’s Notes Dr Joseph Te Rito iii PART A: Presentations by Keynote Speakers and Session Facilitators Background to keynote speakers and session facilitators 3 Facilitator 1: Opening address Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith 7 The well-being of Māori communities: challenges and opportunities Dr Diery Seck 9 Indicators of human and ecosystem health and well-being: in the eye of the beholder Dr Holly T. Dublin 13 Facilitator 2 Moana Jackson 23 Indigenous perspectives in survey research: conceptualising and measuring historical trauma, microaggressions, and colonial trauma response Professor Karina Walters 27 The Aboriginal way: self-determination, human rights and the empowerment of Aboriginal people in Australia. A view from Palm Island. Erykah Kyle 45 Facilitator 3 Aroha Mead 51 Curing and cosmology in indigenous Mexico Dr Sylvia Marcos 55 Linking the global processes on indigenous peoples’ rights and development and the Māori work in defining indigenous indicators of well-being Victoria Tauli-Corpuz 61 PART B: Various Papers Presented to the Conference The application of cultural notions of well-being to government policies concerned with Aboriginal cultural heritage in NSW Berenice Carrington 73 Kapululangu women and the circles of cultural learning project Zohl dé Ishtar with Kapululangu Chairwoman, Anjule Napurrula 87 The oral tradition as a measure of cultural well-being Margaret Forster 99 What is indigenous wellbeing? Vicki Grieves 105 A Māori ethical framework: the bridge between tikanga Māori and ethical review Māui L. Hudson and Annabel L. M. Ahuriri-Driscoll 115 Kei hinga au e, kei mate au e: te tiaki a te Māori i te hunga kaumātua Māori Bring ‘me’ beyond vulnerability: elderly care of Māori, by Māori Mere Kēpa 121 Mōku te ao: conceptualising well-being as the right to knowledge Veronica M. H. Tāwhai 127 From the margins of Te Whare Pora: embracing traditions of innovation in Māori textile legacies Kane Te Manakura 133 Te mōrehu whenua: te mōrehu: The remnants of the land, the remnants of the people. Ātihau-Whanganui Incorporation Lands 1900-1969 Esther Tinirau 143 Having honest conversations about the impact of new technologies on indigenous peoples’ knowledge and values Bevan Tīpene-Matua 155 Māori-driven health indicators Catherine Waetford 167 Haumanu taiao ihumanea Benita Wakefield, Tai Stirling and Miriama Kahu 173 Ngā tipu raranga mō tua ake: Weaving as a means of measuring wellness Patricia Wallace 187 Thru the looking glass – rangatahi research traditions Te Rina Warren, Justina Webster and Dylan Kiriona 191 The role of tikanga Māori institutions in the protecting, sustaining and nurturing of traditional knowledge Pakake Winiata 199 APPENDICES: Appendix I: A compilation of indicators of well-being from the conference presentations Jenny Tucker 213 Appendix II: Community engagement Dr Joseph Te Rito 221 Appendix III: Glossary Māori 225 Aboriginal 231 Foreword Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith The Mātauranga Taketake: Traditional Knowledge Conference was convened in June 2006 to address issues, practices, models and perspectives for protecting, sustaining and nurturing traditional systems of knowledge.