ueEfyehfexh eivvsi gyww xsgesyx sxq ggvyesyxe eefyvsg fiewpywsxq y e v v sxe e thesis sumitted to the heprtment of iletril nd gomputer ingineering in onformity with the requirements for the degree of wster of iene niversity ueen9s uingstonD yntrioD gnd eugust IWWU gopyright e v v sxeD IWWU estrt he purp ose of this do ument is to investigte the design of rodnd stellite system whih op ertes t the u frequeny ndF e hnnel mo del ws develop ed would e noise limited nd slowly time vryingF whih indited tht the stellite link gylosttionry emforming using the grossEgyi @elf goherent rop erty lgorithm on high gin multiEfeed pr oli ntenn rry ws onsideredF estorlA he slowly time vrying hnnel environment llowed for long orreltion timeF work whih uses liner rrys in his pplition of gyi is in ontrst to existing interferene limited environments with short orreltion timesF ws pplied to the gyi lgorithms to e novel tehnique of frontEend ltering improve the onvergene rteF his resulted in redution of the noise p ower input to the emformer whih improved the p erformneF e phse is ws lso introdued y the lter whih degrded the p erformne of the system under ertin onditionsF e seond ltering tehnique whih used of phse omp enstion to eliminte the phse is improved p erformneF oustness tests of the gross gyi lgorithm showed tht the tehnique ws highly sensitive to errors in the hrteristi yli frequeny of the signlF femforming gins were shown to e dep endent on the pr oli ntenn rry geometryF weverD lrge gin he design of u rodnd stellite system is fesileF ro terrestril ntenns or high trnsmission p ower levels my e neessry to insure relile p erformneF ii eknowledgements would like to thnk my thesis sup ervisor hrF teven flosteinF ris insight nd s enthusism out this pro jet mde the reserh highly rewrdingF s would lso like to thnk him for his dvie nd supp ort with resp et to my pplition to the niv ersity of lmD qermny nd for his interest in my extrEurriulr hoiesF irnshw who9s tehnil exp eriene hnks to my l mtesD esp eilly wrk ws key in overoming mny omputer nd system prolems throughout my two yers t ueen9sF hnks is extended to my fmilyF heir supp ort of my interests nd ondene in my ilities help ed me through the diult timesF heir enthusism nd love mde the distne from uingston to ikering muh smllerF pinlly D s would like to dedite this thesis to the memory of my qrndmotherD whose kindnessD generosity nd humour throughout my life will lwys e rememE eredF houghts of her will forever ring our fmily loser togetherF his work ws supp orted y the gndin snstitute for eleommunitions eE serh nd the ho ol of qrdute tudies nd eserh t ueen9s niversityF iii gontents ii estrt eknowledgements iii of les xiii vist vist of pigures xv vist of ym ols xxiii sntro dution I I IFI wotivtion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X I IFP hesis gontriutions X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Q IFQ resenttion yutline X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X R P entenn himension nd goverge ere glultions T PFI viterture erh X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X T PFIFI entenn for wilitry tellite gommunitions X X X X X X X X U PFIFP erformne of gontour hp ed fem entenns X X X X X X X X U PFIFQ he yrion tellite entenn uEystem X X X X X X X X X X X X W PFIFR yigGoseidon ro jet X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X W ersonl rndheld gommunitions vi u nd vG nd telE PFIFS lites X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X II PFP entenn hesign nd tellite goverge ere X X X X X X X X X X X X X X II PFPFI ep erture p er nd idelo e vevel X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IP iv PFPFP femwidth X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IP PFPFQ qin voss X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IR PFPFR yset reight X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IR PFPFS wximum n engle X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IR PFQ glulted himension for the eetor entenn X X X X X X X X X X X X IS PFQFI eetor himeter X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IS PFQFP po l vength X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IS PFQFQ qin X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IS PFQFR eetor engle X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IT lue @A X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IT PFQFS peed hiretivity PFQFT ilement ize nd ping X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IU PFQFU entenn hesign ummry X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IU PFR peed vo tion glultion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IW PFS fem histortion due to prequeny histriution X X X X X X X X X X X X PH PFT hegrdtion in erformne for y po us fems X X X X X X X X X X X PP Q vink fudget glultion for the uEfnd qeosttionry tellite PU QFI uEfnd vink fudget gontriutions X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X PU QFIFI hysil vink rmeter ummry X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X PW QFIFP irthGtellite is X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QH QFIFQ pree pe voss X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QI QFIFR qseous vosses X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QI QFIFS in ettenution X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QP QFIFT emp erture X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QP QFIFU fndwidth glultion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QP QFP phwe ystem X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QQ QFQ vink fudget glultion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QQ QFQFI rrdwre p eitions X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QR QFQFP prequeny rmeters X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QR QFQFQ rget vtitude nd vongitude X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QR v QFQFR reight ove e vevel X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QS QFQFS yutge erentge X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QS QFQFT entenn qin edution X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QS QFQFU ystem snterferene X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QS QFQFV emp erture rmeters X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QT QFQFW ghnnel qurd fnds X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QT QFQFIH ulse hesign X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QU QFQFII fse fnd ghnnel X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QU QFQFIP sonospheri iets X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QU QFQFIQ i ax equirements X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X QU o QFR gomprison with v fnd oie ystem X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X RH R gylosttionry femforming nd ynEford ro essing RP RFI wotivtion for higitl femforming nd ynEford ro essing X X X X RP RFIFI efereneEfsed femforming X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X RQ RFIFP vo tionEfsed femforming X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X RR RFIFQ rop erty estorlGflind femforming X X X X X X X X X X X X X RR RFP wotivtion for the gylosttionry rop erty estorl ehnique X X X RS RFQ heoretil fkground for gylosttionry enlysis X X X X X X X X X RT RFQFI prtion of ime roility wesure X X X X X X X X X X X X X X RU RFR eondEyrder gylosttionriy X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SH RFRFI gyli euto orreltion puntion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SI RFS gyli emp orl gorreltion go eient X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SQ RFT p etrl gorreltion hensity puntion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SQ RFU prequenyEhift piltering @pirA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SR RFV he gyli ignl wo del invironment X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SS RFW flind gyli ptil piltering elgorithms X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SU RFWFI p etrl goherene estorl flind femforming elgorithms @gyiA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SU RFWFP he gyli edptive femforming elgorithm X X X X X X X X X TP vi RFWFQ gstedo elgorithm X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TQ RFWFR rei elgorithm X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TR RFWFS ignl uspe ehniques X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TS S he wo deled ghnnel TU SFI ignl wo del nd est invironment X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TU SFIFI finry hse hift ueying X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TV SFIFP ised gosine ulse hping X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UH SFIFQ erry gongurtion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UI SFIFR gomplex qussin xoise wo del X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UI SFIFS ignl wo del epresenttion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UQ SFIFT sx glultionD nd yptiml femforming sx X X X X X X UQ SFP erformne ivlution rmeters X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X US SFPFI qussin xoise vevel est enrio X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X US SFPFP snterferene est enrio X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UU X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UU SFPFQ grrier prequeny titter SFPFR yset prequeny irror est X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UV SFPFS pilter fndwidth est X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X UV SFPFT imultion est invironment gonditions X X X X X X X X X X X X UW T gylosttionry femforming with frodnd pront ind pilteringD nd erry esp onse istimtion VH TFI pront ind pilter wotivtion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X VH TFP piltering iet on gyli p etrl gorreltion X X X X X X X X X X X X X VQ TFPFI nltered xoise mple wo del X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X VS TFPFP sdel pilter wo del X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X VV TFPFQ xonEsdel pilter wo del X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X WH TFPFR ime everging gomputtion X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X WP TFPFS iet of piltering on ime everging X X X