Historical journey in a linguistic archipelago Descriptive concepts and case studies Edited by Émilie Aussant Jean-Michel Fortis language History and Philosophy of the Language science press Sciences 3 History and Philosophy of the Language Sciences Editor: James McElvenny In this series: 1. McElvenny, James (ed.). Form and formalism in linguistics. 2. Van Rooy, Raf. Greece’s labyrinth of language: A study in the early modern discovery of dialect diversity. 3. Aussant, Émilie & Jean­Michel Fortis (eds.). Historical journey in a linguistic archipelago: Descriptive concepts and case studies. ISSN (print): 2629­1711 ISSN (electronic): 2629­172X Historical journey in a linguistic archipelago Descriptive concepts and case studies Edited by Émilie Aussant Jean-Michel Fortis language science press Aussant, Émilie & Jean-Michel Fortis (eds.). 2020. Historical journey in a linguistic archipelago: Descriptive concepts and case studies (History and Philosophy of the Language Sciences 3). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/286 © 2020, the authors Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-96110-292-1 (Digital) 978-3-96110-293-8 (Hardcover) ISSN (print): 2629-1711 ISSN (electronic): 2629-172X DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4269397 Source code available from www.github.com/langsci/286 Collaborative reading: paperhive.org/documents/remote?type=langsci&id=286 Cover and concept of design: Ulrike Harbort Typesetting: Katharina Berking, Felix Kopecky, Sebastian Nordhoff Proofreading: Adrien Barbaresi, Agnes Kim, Amir Ghorbanpour, Annika Schiefner, Aviva Shimelman, Christopher Straughn, Felipe Neis Araujo, Francesco Screti, Jeroen van de Weijer, Jessica Brown, Lachlan Mackenzie, Linda Leembruggen, Plinio Barbosa, Sebastian Nordhoff, Selçuk Eryatmaz, Yvonne Treis Fonts: Libertinus, Arimo, DejaVu Sans Mono, Source Han Serif Typesetting software:Ǝ X LATEX Language Science Press xHain Grünberger Str. 16 10243 Berlin, Germany langsci-press.org Storage and cataloguing done by FU Berlin Contents Preface iii Acknowledgments v Introduction Émilie Aussant & Jean-Michel Fortis vii I Metalinguistic concepts and representations 1 Le terme accidentia chez les grammairiens romains Vladimir I. Mazhuga 3 2 From localism to neolocalism Jean-Michel Fortis 15 3 Spatialization of time as a scientification strategy: Beauzée, Guillaume and the conceptual school of cognitive linguistics Lin Chalozin-Dovrat 51 4 Grammar and graphical semiotics in early syntactic diagrams: Clark (1847) and Reed-Kellogg (1876) Nicolas Mazziotta 67 5 Aux origines de la notion de polysémie en français : la formation du concept Bruno Courbon 83 6 The unfixed status of fixed expressions: Past and present approaches to a pervasive linguistic feature T. Craig Christy 97 Contents II Fields, authors and disciplinary commitments 7 Language history from below: Pidgins and Creoles as examples Michelle Li 115 8 Analyse comparative des Élémens de la grammaire françoise de Lhomond et de ses Élémens de la grammaire latine Sophie Piron 129 9 Crosscurrents in linguistic research: Humanism and positivism in Central Australia 1890–1910 David Moore 143 10 La Revue des Patois Gallo-Romans (1887–1892) et la représentation de l’oral Gabriel Bergounioux 159 11 “Mithra aux vastes pâturages”: L’antropologia di Émile Benveniste Silvia Frigeni 175 12 Per una semiologia materialista e dialettica: Trần Đức Thảo critico di Saussure Jacopo D’Alonzo 189 Index 203 ii Preface This volume brings together 12 papers presented at the 14th International Confer- ence on the History of the Language Sciences (ICHoLS XIV), held at Université Sorbonne Nouvelle in Paris, August 28 to September 1, 2017. The present book is not the only publication presenting a selection of papers delivered at ICHoLS XIV. A second collection has been assembled by the same editors in a companion volume published by John Benjamins and entitled History of linguistics 2017. An attempt has been made to strike a balance between the two volumes, in terms of time range and thematic diversity. In addition to these two volumes reserved for independent contributions, the proceedings of seven of the nine thematic workshops of ICHoLS XIV have been – or will be – published in books or in special issues of journals: • “Extended grammars”, published in the Beiträge zur Geschichte der Sprach- wissenschaft 30.1 (2020), edited by Émilie Aussant and Jean-Luc Chevillard. • “Comparative glossing practices”, to be published in Glossing Practice: Com- parative Perspectives, edited by F. Cinato, A. Lahaussois and J. Whitman, Lexington Books. • “Approaches to dialectal variation from antiquity up to modern times”, pub- lished in 2020 in Essays in the history of dialect studies: From ancient Greece to modern dialectology, edited by Raf van Rooy, Nodus Publikationen, Mün- ster. • “Complémentarité des disciplines en linguistique appliquée”, published in Études de linguistique appliquée 190 (April–June 2018), edited by Danielle Candel and Jean-Paul Narcy-Combes. • “Les changements des idées linguistiques dans la formation des grammaires portugaises et brésiliennes”, published in Dossiers d’HEL n°12: http://htl. linguist.univ-paris-diderot.fr/hel/dossiers/numero12 • “Le discours et ses modes d’historicisation: entre le politique et le disci- plinaire”, published in Fragmentum (número especial) jul.–dez. 2018, História Preface da Ciência da Linguagem, das Teorias Linguísticas, da construção do conhec- imento sobre a(s) língua(s): https://periodicos.ufsm.br/fragmentum/issue/ view/1438/showToc • “Cross-readings: Andalusian grammarians reading Oriental grammarians, Oriental grammarians reading Andalusian grammarians”, published in His- toire Épistémologie Langage 40.2 (2018), edited by Francesco Binaghi: https: //www.hel-journal.org/fr/articles/hel/abs/2018/02/contents/contents.html The editors, Paris, April 2020 iv Acknowledgments Our deepest thanks to the team of Language Science Press for their help, patience and meticulous work. Special credit is due to James McElvenny and Sebastian Nordhoff, who have very kindly helped us through all the steps for the prepara- tion of the manuscript. Introduction Émilie Aussant Histoire des Théories Linguistiques (CNRS/Université de Paris) Jean-Michel Fortis Histoire des Théories Linguistiques (CNRS/Université de Paris) The present volume is divided thematically into two parts: (I) Metalinguistic con- cepts and representations, and (II) Fields, authors and disciplinary commitments. Within each part, papers are arranged chronologically. There is of course a cer- tain artificiality in this two-part division, given the variety of the topics andper- spectives illustrated in the papers. Let us say that the first part is more concerned with descriptive concepts and the second with case studies involving specific fields and authors. The first part begins with a paper by Mazhuga, who sets out to explore the origin of the technical use of the terms accidere/accidens in Latin grammar. Is this origin Greek? Is it to be sought in the preceding “technicization” of what would be the Greek counterparts of accidens, namely συμβεβηκός and παρεπόμε- νον in their grammatical usage? Mazhuga thinks not, and shows that the Latin and Greek terminologies have followed their own idiosyncratic courses of devel- opment. This leads him to discuss the Greek terms in some detail, before com- ing to the ultimate goal of the paper, which is to clarify the Latin terms. In this respect, it is of particular interest to mention the hypothesis he puts forth: acci- dentia, he claims, was used in rhetoric to designate the qualities pertaining to a particular case (causa). It is from there that it gained its technical use in grammar. Fortis’ contribution (delivered as a plenary lecture, hence its greater length) does not bear on a linguistic category per se, but rather on a philosophically loaded perspective which has been defended throughout the history of Western linguistics. This perspective corresponds to a family of descriptions which can be conveniently brought together under the label of “localism”, a name that first Émilie Aussant & Jean-Michel Fortis. 2020. Introduction. In Émilie Aussant & Jean- Michel Fortis (eds.), Historical journey in a linguistic archipelago: Descriptive concepts and case studies, vii–xii. Berlin: Language Science Press. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4269405 Émilie Aussant & Jean-Michel Fortis became established only during the 19th century, although the basic idea behind it is much older and can be traced back to Aristotle. Localism traditionally ar- gues for the primacy of spatial relations in the semantics of particular categories, typically prepositions and cases. Remarkably, ideas reviving this tradition surged again in the second half of the 20th century, for reasons explored in this paper. Af- ter a historical retrospective and a presentation of the recent context, two main neolocalist lines of investigation are examined: localist descriptions in lexical- grammatical semantics, and localist theories of thematic roles. The next paper cross-cuts and complements the preceding one. In her study, Chalozin-Dovrat discusses the status of space in linguistic discourse, scrutinizing three theories she samples in view of the important role they confer on spatializ- ing descriptions of linguistic time. The theories in question are due to Beauzée, Guillaume and the strand she identifies as the “conceptual school of cognitive