ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF EGYPT Edited by F. Ll. GRIFFITH EIGHTEENTH MEMOIRl THE IIOCK TOMBS OF EL AMARNA PAET VI-TOMBS OF PAEENNEFEE, TUTU, AND AY BY N. DE G. DAVIE S FORTY-FOUR PLATES LONDON SOLD AT The offices OF THE EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND, 37, Geeat Russell Steeet, W.C. I AND Pierce Building, Copley Square, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. ' and by KBGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., Dryden House, 43, Gerraed Street, Soho, W. B. QUARITCH, 11, GEAifTON Street, New Bond Street, W. ASHER & CO., 13, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, W.C, and 56, Unter den Linden, Berlin, AND HENRY FROWDE, Amen Corner, B.C., and 91 and 93, Fifth Avenue, New York. 1908 ajorncU Uttiueraitg Hthratg Stliata, 5?CMi florfe ..h,.y^ti>r\^.m!CiS).%. Cornell University Library DT 62.T6D3 V.6 The rock tombs of El Amarna ... 3 1924 020 525 394 \>> Cornell University ym Library ^^ The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924020525394 EL AMARNA VI PLATE I 111 X o < ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF EGYPT Edited by F. Ll. GRIFFITH EIGHTEENTH MEMOIR THE ROCK TOMBS OF EL AMARNA PART VI.-TOMBS OF PARENNEFER, TUTU, AND AY BY N. DE G. DAVIE S FORTY-FOUR PLATES LONDON SOLD AT EXPLORATION The offices OF THE EGYPT FUND, 37, Great Russell Street, W.C. AND Pierce Bthlding, Copley Square, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. TRUBNER & CO., Dryden House, AND BY KEGAN PAUL, TBENCH, 43, Gerrard Street, Soho, W. B. QUARITCH, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W. ASHER & CO., 13, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, W.C, and 56, Unter den Linden, Berlin and AND HENRY FROWDE, Amen Corner, E.C, 91 and 93, Fifth Avenue, New York : LONDON PRINTED BY WILllAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, DTIKE STREET, STAMFORD STREET, S.B., AND GREAT WINDMILL STREET, W. EGYPT EXPLiOBATION FUND iPrestOcnt P. G. HILTON PEICE, Esq., Die.S.A. lt)fce=lPrcs(Ocnts The Et. Hon. The Eael op Ceomeb, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., K.C.S.I. (Egypt) Sir E. Maunde-Thompson, K.C.B., D.C.L., The Hon. Chas. L. Hutchinson (U.S..\."/ LL.D. Peof. Ad. Eeman, Ph.D. (Germany) The Eev. Peop. A. H. Satcb, M.A., LL.D. Peop. G. Maspeeo, D.C.L. (France) Peop. W. W. Goodwin (U.S.A.) Josiah Mullens, Esq. (Australia) Ibon. trreasurers H. A. Geuebee, Esq., P.S.A. Edwaed E. Warren, Esq. (U.S.A.) Ibon. Secretarg J. S. Cotton, Esq., M.A. /IBembers of Committee 0. F. Mobebly Bell, Esq. Mes. McCluee. The Hon. J. E. Caetee (U.S.A.) The Eev. W. MaoGeegoe, M.A. SoMEES Claeke, Esq., F.S.A. EoBBET Mond, Esq., F.E.S.E. Newton Ceane, Esq. (U.S.A.) The Maequess op Noethampton. W. E. Ceum, Esq., M.A. Feancis Wm. Peecival, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. Aethue John Evans, Esq., M.A., D.Litt., SiE Heebeet Thompson, Baet. F.E.S. Mes. Tieaed. Prop. Eenbst A. Gaednee, M.A. John Ward, Esq., F.S.A. F. Ll. Gbippith, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. T. Heebeet Warren, Esq., M.A. P. G. Kenyon, Esq., M.A., D.Litt. E. TowEY Whytb, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. Peop. Alexandee Macalistee, M.D. CONTENTS PAGE vii List of Plates ........ • . Chapter I. The Tomb of Parennefer. A. Architectural Features. .... ... 1 B. Scenes and Inscriptions . • ^ 6 C. Parennefer ........ • • Chapter II. The Tomb of Tutu. 7 A. Architectural Features .... • • • B. Scenes and Inscriptions .....••.• 9 14 C. Tutu • Chapter III. The Tomb of Ay. A. Architectural Features . 15 B. Scenes and Inscriptions . 17 C. Ay and Tyi . .23 Chapter IV. The Eeligious Texts. A. Hymns and Prayers .... .... .25 B. Shorter petitions ........ .31 Appeistdix. Pictures of the Palace ...... 36 Index . • ... , .... 39 Index of Cross References ... 41 General Index of Tombs .... ... 43 LIST OF PLATES WITH REFERENCES TO THE PAGES ON WHICH THEY ARE DESCRIBED. PLATE *I. LIST OP PLATES. PLATE XXXIV. Tomb of Ay. Addenda .... *xxxv. Tomb of Tutu. The Hall. N. thickness *XXXVL Tombs of Tutu and Ay. Hall ; S. wall. The harem *XXXVII. Tomb of Ay. Central aisle. The hall . *XXXVIII. Ay and Tyi. E. thickness *XXXIX. East thickness [continued) *XL. East thickness [upper pari) *XLI. Hymn to the Aten *XLII. North wal]. The Royal family *XLIII. „ The crowd . *XLrv. ,, Outside the palace THE EOGK TOMBS OF EL AMAENA. PART VI. CHAPTER I THE TOMB OF PARENNEFER ( J 3- Tomb No. 7 ^ is the northernmost of the tombs Queen, accompanied by their household. There of the South Group, being excavated at the are three princesses, and, though the inscriptions extreme end of the line of foot-hills (IV. xiii.). are broken, it is easy to perceive as well the Lying high up on a steep slope, its entrance figure of Benretmut, the Queen's sister, officiat- was probably always traceable, if not actually ing as fan-bearer and ranking after the royal open. A road which leads from it to the city children.^ Nothing appears in the details of across the plain helps to mark down the site. the picture which is not already familiar from The name of the owner is injured wherever it similar scenes. occurs, and the reading adopted here is due to a The supplementary picture which is so often shrewd s;uess of the late M. Bouriant. set below the main scene has been executed only on the left (north) side. Here the royal chariots and the rest of the body-guard make halt at A. Architectural Features. a respectful distance, and here, too, Parennefer Exterior. —The tomb is a very unpretentious is seen making his private offering. The posi- one of the cross-corridor type, but is singular tion facing the King which is given him seems in possessing a fully-decorated fagade (PI. ii.). to indicate that his homage is directed to the The door-framing shows on the lintel the royal monarch rather than to the god. He kneels in family worshipping to right and left of an altar front of one of the little chapels or magazines on which the sun casts its rays. On the jambs which the pictures of the temple show in such there is only the group of five cartouches written numbers, and the due paraphernalia of offering in a horizontal line below the sun-disc. The set out before him are also in accord. It appears smoothed wall to right and left of the doorway then as if Parennefer was making his gift in is occupied by reliefs, the upper parts of which one of the side chapels, while the royal family have been erased by the whirling sands of worshipped at the great altar. Possibly this centuries. The two pictures exhibit, with chapel is meant to be that one in the temple differences merely of grouping, the conventional which was connected with his own tomb-endow- scene of the worship of Aten by the King and ment {wakf), and where the offerings for the " 1 " The north-easternmost tomb behind Hadgi-Qandeel 2 The second figure in the upper register on the right of of Hay ; No. 3 of Lepsius. A sketch-plan the tomb hand ; effaced in the left-hand scene. Cf . Pis. IV., XVI., I., ; ; is given, in Mon. du culte d'Atonou, p. 125. xvii., xxvi., xxviii. II., v., vii., viii. V., iii., v. B THE EOCK TOMBS OF EL AMABNA. dead were first spread out before the god or the scene of worship had already been dealt with King, or both. outside, the artist was able to use some freedom. Interior. —Except for the entrance and the Accordingly the figures face inwards and are two walls in the northern half, the tomb is in a given the most unconstrained attitudes, as if the very rough and unfinished state. Its floor has deceased man had wished to depict a royal visit not been cut to the full depth, the walls of the to his tomb, whether remembered with pride as an southern half are still irregular, and the south event of the past or thus delicately suggested for door is only outlined in ink. The door at the the future. Or else it may depict simply those north end of the corridor has been pierced, but many occasions on which the King, sauntering instead of admitting to a shrine and statue, it forth with his family, included the gratified opens into two low successive chambers, small Parennefer among the scribes and officials who, and roughly hewn, where the sepulture must after the wont of the East, formed a favoured have been made. The east doorway was in- train on such occasions. These attendants are scribed in ink, as fragments of dy hetep seten seen in the foot-scene carrying water, stools and prayers on the right jamb shew,^ but later it the outfit of the scribe — exactly the needful was almost destroyed in an effort to carry the accessories of a visit of inspection to the tombs. excavations further in this direction. This Parennefer has not attached his name, . but " extension, as also a square recess in the north probably the " cleanser of His Majesty's hands is end of the east wall, probably contemporary ; is to be seen in the official who carries ewer and for the latter may be the first step in forming towel. the pillars of the enlarged chamber. The The main scene shows the King walking under decoration on this side of the tomb is naturally the rays of the sun, which clasp him under the left in ink, since it could only be carried out if armpit and head, as if to hold him up in their the ever-present hope of enlarging the chamber hands lest he stumble against a stone in the was definitely abandoned.