Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84280-8 - Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha’s Vineyard, 1600–1871 David J. Silverman Index More information Index Abbomocho. See Cheepi Amos, Rachel, 117 Abel, Abigail, 170 Anabaptists. See Baptists Acushnet, 100 Andros, Governor Edmund, 107 African Americans animal husbandry. See livestock and the Baptist church, 239 Annampanu, 117 and Wampanoag communalism, 248 Annawanit, 43 antebellum reform movements of, Anthony, John, 228, 264 251–2 Anthony, Joseph P., 263 emancipation of, 262 Apess, William, 210, 213, 239, 256 enfranchisement of, 262 Aquinnah, 11, 42, 69, 106, 219, 241, Agawams, 104 243, 257, 280 Ahhunnut, Hannah, 117 churches of, 154, 162, 178, 182 Akoochuck, 88, 106 clay cliffs of, 17, 33, 78, 246, 247 Akoochuck, Hepzibah, 179 communalism of, 247, 271 alcohol. See liquor conflicts of, with non-Indian Alexander (son of Keteanummin), 134 residents, 248, 249 Alexander (son of Massasoit). See debate of, over citizenship, 258, 261, Wamsutta 264 Alice (sister of Wompamog), 139 division of commons, 270 Allen, Ebenezer, 146, 148 French raid against, 44 Allen, James, 189 Gay Head Farm of, 146–7, 180–1 Allen, John, 167, 168, 169–71, 191, geography of, 156, 246, 280 202, 204, 211 government of, 148 Amanhut, John, 87 guardians of, 169, 171, 175–9, 181 Amanhut, wife of John, 57 incorporated as town of Gay Head, American Revolution, 9, 180 268–70 Ames, Mehitable, 228 land sales and, 43, 141–4, 270 Amos, Elisha, 166–70 land use reforms of, 146 Amos, Israel, 106, 166, 168–70 made a state district, 259 Amos, Joe (Blind Joe), 246 marriage patterns of, 228 Amos, Jonathan, 87, 117, 127 and Massasoit, 41 Amos, Patience, 211 and the Mayhew mission, 44–6 291 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84280-8 - Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha’s Vineyard, 1600–1871 David J. Silverman Index More information 292 Index Aquinnah (cont.) Bowyer, James, 228 mnemonic devices of, 244–5 Brainerd, David, 61 oral traditions of, 69, 243, 272 Briant, Solomon, 220 population of, 175, 177, 226 Brinton, William, 43 proprietors of, 170, 175 Burgess, Edward, 221 racial composition of, 231, 237 Butler, John Jr., 197 relations of, with New England Butler, Simeon, 151–2, 167, 168, 200 Company, 145–8, 154 Buzzard’s Bay, 79 sachemship of, 19 “sheep right” leases of, 147, 168, 180 Cagenhew, Hepzibah, 153 survival of after the year 1870, 271–2 Cagenhew, Israel, 153 Wampanoag identity at, 241 Cagenhew, Reuben, 179 Wampanoag tribe of, xx, 12 Cagenhew, Samuel, 153 Assacomoit, 2 Call to the Unconverted (Baxter), 52, Assaquanhut (John Shohkow), 127 218 Assaquanhut, Hepzibah, 217 Cambridge Grammar School, 54 Assawompsett, 99, 100, 101, 102, 117, Cape Poge Bay, 41 143 Catawbas, 11 Athearn, Jabez, 161, 181 Cathcart, Robert, 159, 194, 196 Athearn, Samuel, 194 Cautantowit. See Kiehtan Athearn, Simon, 83, 95, 107, 131, 134 Cedar Tree Neck, 47 Attaquin, Lewis, 263 Chappaquiddick, 11, 19, 49, 55, 75, Awashunks, 84, 100, 101, 102 114, 158, 257 Christian meeting of, 36 Baptists (Anabaptists), 55, 58, 137, 144, church’s role at, 154 153 debate of, over citizenship, 262 and Aquinnah politics, 178 decline of sachemship at, 153 become majority at Aquinnah, 182, division of commons, 268 238–40 and epidemic of 1690, 127, 249 spread of, among Wampanoags, and epidemic of 1763–1764, 219 162–5 geography of, 156, 246, 280 Barnabus (Old Barnabus), 177, 209 guardians of, 152, 155, 172–3, 179 Barnabus, Gershom, 203 land disputes of, 172–4 Barnabus, Jerusha, 203 land sales on, 41, 172, 184, 270 Barnabus, Moses, 203 land use at, 247 Barnstable, 7 livestock on, 97, 149, 172, 180 Bassett, Cornelius, 189 population of, 149 Bassett, Samuel, 209 racial composition of, 232 Baxter, Richard Charles I, 81 Call to the Unconverted, 52 Charles II, 81, 84, 89, 100, 108 Baylies, Frederick, 218, 229, 254 Charles, Ruth, 166 Bayly, Bishop Lewis Charles, William, 167 Practice of Piety, 52 Chassuck, David, 201 Belain, David, 262 Cheepi, 30–1, 34, 50, 57, 59, 69, 245 Belain, George, 255 Cheeschamuck, 54 Bible, 21, 52, 70, 128 Cheeschamuck, Caleb, 54 Boston, Mass., 251 Chickemoo, 46 Bourne, Richard, 44, 75 Chilmark (town), 168 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84280-8 - Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha’s Vineyard, 1600–1871 David J. Silverman Index More information Index 293 Chilmark Pond, 43 citizenship (Indian), 256–70, 278–80 Christianity Civil War in contemporary scholarship, 8–11 Indian soldiers in, 263 role of, in creating race, 119, 277–8 Cockquett, John, 152 in Wampanoag–English relations, Coffin, Enoch, 152 13–15, 93, 103, 276 Comech, Joseph, 211 Wampanoag attraction to, 25, 38–9, Connecticut (colony), 92, 102, 112, 47–8 142, 208 Wampanoag beliefs about, 34–8, Coomes, Joshua, 211 56–8, 60–3, 71–2 Coomes, Samuel, 88, 89 and Wampanoag community life, 76, Cooper, Elijah, 229 117, 276–7 Cooper, Thomas, 243, 255 and Wampanoag factionalism, 163 Coshomon, Johanna, 106 Wampanoag opposition to, 26 Coshomon, Samuel, 106 Wampanoag questions about, 50, 52, Cotton, John Jr., 49–50, 51, 52, 55, 56, 56–8 61, 85, 100, 117 and Wampanoag social structure, 42, Cotton, Josiah, 59, 194, 201 276 courts. See also magistrates and Wampanoag tradition, 245–6 (Wampanoag) Wampanoag varieties of, 62–3, bias against Indians, 92, 113, 196, 283 200 Christiantown, xx, 11, 95, 158, 212, fines of, against Wampanoags, 197 257 Philip’s (Metacom’s) complaints boundaries of, 246 against, 103 church’s role in, 154 of proprietary Martha’s Vineyard, 82, conflicts of, with non-Indian 92 residents, 248, 249 as replacement for paramount creation of, 47, 121 Wampanoag sachem, 89 division of commons, 268 seizure of Indian labor, 197–201 and epidemic of 1690, 249 and trials for murder, 115 government of, 135, 136 and Wampanoag family life, 90–1 land disputes of, 121, 131–6, 156, and Wampanoag land disputes, 132, 167–8 147, 149, 150, 170, 178, 181 land sales in, 174, 184, 270 of Wampanoags, 86, 160 land use at, 247 Covell, James, 197 racial composition of, 231 Cuff, Mary, 248 churches, Wampanoag. See also Cuffee, Jonathan, 253 Aquinnah; Chappaquiddick; Cuffee, Paul, 253 Christiantown; Nashuakemuck; Nunnepog; Sengekontacket Daggett, John, 138 discipline in, 85 Daggett, Joseph, 94, 138 formed by covenant, 37 Daggett, Thomas, 55, 93, 139 numbers of, 116 Dartmouth (town of), 60, 178, 253 recognized by English, 62 David, Joseph, 189 and Wampanaog community life, Dawes Allotment Act, 279 154, 165 Day which the Lord hath made, 52 weakening of, after epidemic of 1690, Deep Bottom, 136, 179, 231, 271, 280 137, 249 Deer Island, 105 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84280-8 - Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha’s Vineyard, 1600–1871 David J. Silverman Index More information 294 Index DeGrasse, Joseph, 228 Farm Neck. See Sengekontacket Delawares, 9, 61 fences Demos, David, 195 on Aquinnah, 146 Dermer, Thomas, 3 Wampanoag appropriation of, 274 Devil’s Bridge, 33, 242 Wampanoag resistance to, 97 Devil’s Den, 32, 245 Fifteenth Amendment, 262, 266 Devine, John Sr., 229 firearms, 41, 108, 110 Diamond, Abiah, 264 Fourteenth Amendment, 263 Diamond, James, 263, 264 Francis, Isaac, 189 Dodge, Philip, 229 Francis, James, 229 Dongan, Governor Thomas, 140, Folger, Peter, 51, 55, 110 145 French, William, 62 Dukes County, 173 Dutch Rebellion, The, 107 Gay Head. See Aquinnah George III, 174 Easton, John, 99, 100 George, Abel, 204 Edgartown, 78, 82, 95, 270 Gilbert, Joseph, 138 Chappaquiddick proprietors of, Gilbert, Peter, 138 149–53, 173 Gilbert, Sarah, 138 English settlement of, 19 Glorious Revolution, The, 114 whaling and, 188 Gookin, Daniel, 63, 66 Ekoochuck, 87 Gorges, Sir Ferdinando, 2, 3 Eliot, John, 37, 43, 52, 64, 66, 71, 73, Great Harbor. See Edgartown 74, 75, 96, 102, 118, 277 Great James Pond, 47 Elisha, 88, 106 Grey’s Raid, 180 Elizabeth Islands, 17, 68, 81, 82, 116, guardians (of Indians), 161, 172–9, 180, 143 256 Emancipation Proclamation, 262 Epenow, 1, 12, 13 Hadley, 105 abduction of, 1 Hannit, Japheth, 16, 42, 71, 72, 89, 163 assault of, on Thomas Dermer, 3 during King Philip’s War, 109 in England, 1–2 as magistrate, 87 escape from captivity of, 2–3 mainland missionary work of, 117 Ephraim, 189 as preacher, 106, 128 Ephraim, Betty, 211 Hannit, Sarah, 42 epidemics Harlock, Thomas, 139 of 1616–1618, 5, 32 Harlow, Edward, 1 of 1633, 5, 101 Harry, Alice (Els), 177 of 1643, 22, 74 Harvard College, 49, 54, 102 of 1645, 22, 74 Haskins, Samuel J., 264 of 1690, 74, 126 Hassanamessit. See praying Indians of 1700s, 218 Hawes, Benjamin, 150–2, 196 effects of, 22–3, 127, 137, 194 Hawley, Gideon, 158, 213, 220 Indian beliefs about, 23, 34, 74, 128 Herring Pond Wampanoags, 234, 241, explorers (European), 1, 2, 3. See also 257 Dermer, Thomas; Harlow, Edward; Hiacoomes, 51, 54, 64, 66, 90 Hobson, Nicholas; Hunt, Thomas becomes Christian, 21 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84280-8 - Faith and Boundaries: Colonists, Christianity, and Community among the Wampanoag Indians of Martha’s Vineyard, 1600–1871 David J. Silverman Index More information Index 295 friendship with Thomas Mayhew Jr., Hunt, William, 175, 176 20–1, 74 Hurons, 9 literacy skills of, 20, 74 missionary work of, 24, 34, 35, 60 Ianoxso, Amos, Sr., 166, 168 ordination of, as pastor, 62 Ianoxso, Israel.