J. Jpn. Bot. 87: 326–353 (2012) Siebold and Zuccarini’s Type Specimens and Original Materials from Japan, Part 1. Gymnosperms a, b c Shinobu akiyama *, Gerard thijsse , Hans Joachim esser , d and Hideaki ohba a Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, 305-0005 JAPAN; b Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University Branch, P. O. Box 9514, The NETHERLANDS; c Botanische Staatssammlung München, Menzinger Straße 67, D-80638 München, GERMANY; d Department of Botany, the University Museum, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 JAPAN * Corresponding author: [email protected] (Received on May 12, 2012) In the late 19th Century Siebold and Zuccarini published many new taxa based on Japanese plants mostly collected by Siebold, Japanese botanists, and his assistant (later successor) Bürger. Although Siebold and Zuccarini’s contribution to the Japanese flora is great, the modern type specimen concept on which a name is based had not been developed. To stabilize the taxonomy of the plants described by Siebold and Zuccarini, lectotypes for the names they proposed are herein designated. Part 1 deals with the Gymnosperms. Key words: Japanese flora, lectotypification, Siebold collections, Zuccarini. In the late 19th Century Siebold and botanists, and his successors, here called Zuccarini proposed many new taxa based on the Siebold collection of Japanese plants, Japanese plants that were collected mostly by were deposited in the Rijksherbarium of the Siebold, Japanese botanists, and his assistant Netherlands in Leiden, now the National (later successor) Bürger. Although Siebold and Herbarium of the Netherlands (L). Most of Zuccarini’s contribution to the Japanese flora is the descriptions of the new taxa described by great, the modern type specimen concept had Siebold and Zuccarini after 1841 were prepared not been developed. To complicate matters, they primarily by Zuccarini in Munich, not in Leiden. rarely cited specimens in the protologues of It is unlikely that Zuccarini examined all of their new taxa. It is difficult to be sure that the the Siebold collections; he may have studied specimens were the only elements they used. only a limited number of them. An invoice of a Because of these circumstances, very few of loan of Siebold’s collection to Zuccarini dated their names are interpreted as being holotypes October 1841 is in the archives of the National or syntypes. Some of the names they proposed Herbarium Netherlands. It is not certain that have been lectotypified, but many others remain. these specimens were returned to Leiden or not. The collections made by Siebold, Japanese We will write the details in Part 2. Besides these —326— October 2012 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 87 No.5 327 gymnosperms, our intent is to lectotypify the plants described from Japan described by Siebold and Zuccarini. Further remarks on the circumstances and procedures will be included where clarifications are needed. In the following list we include invalid and illegitimate names proposed by Siebold, Zuccarini and others. We also include nomenclatorially significant names published solely by Siebold or Zuccarini, and others. The specimens studied by Siebold and Zuccarini are mainly in the National Herbarium Netherlands, Leiden (L), and the Botanische Staatssammlung, München (M). Duplicates of the Siebold collections were sent to other Herbaria by Blume, Miquel and others. Siebold's Fig. 1. Labels determined by Siebold. Juniperus procumbens Sieb. (upper), Cryptomeria Japonica private collection of herbarium specimens is now var. Sinensis (middle) and Abies momi (lower). in the Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University (MAK); his illustrations are in the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, specimens, Zuccarini also bought specimens of St. Petersburg. For this study we examined Japanese plants, which may be in the Botanische Siebold’s collections in the following herbaria: Staatssammlung München (M). L, M, MAK, and the Herbarium, the University In Leiden, the original material is kept in the Museum, the University of Tokyo (TI). Herbarium Japonicum Generale. The Herbarium We determine the original material according contains specimens in the following four to the following criteria: categories: 1. Specimen cited in protologue; 1) material collected by Siebold; 2. Specimen identified by Siebold with latin 2) material donated by Japanese botanists, name written by Siebold (Fig. 1, upper and (Keiske [Itô Keisuke], Sugerok [Mizutani middle) or Zuccarini (Fig. 2, upper and lower); Sukeroku], Joan [Udagawa Yôan], and others); 2b. Duplicates and possible duplicates of the 3) material collected by Bürger; specimens of Category 2; 4) material collected by Mohnike, Textor, In Munich, for each new name there is Pierot, and others, which arrived at Leiden after a single specimen with the determination in the publication of Siebold and Zuccarini's works Zuccarini’s hand on labels headed “Herbarium (1846). Zuccarinii” (Fig. 2, upper), plus several (one Specimens in category 4 are ruled out of to three) specimens without his handwriting consideration. Specimens in categories 1, 2, and and with labels with the heading “HERB. 3 need to be studied to determine if they were ZUCCARINII, HERBARIUM REGIUM used in the descriptions of the new taxa. MONACENSE, Herbar. Univ. Ludeo. In Munich, the original material is not Maximil.” (Fig. 2, middle). The latter specimens separate, but is sorted in species folders in the are very probably duplicates of the former. On general collection. All Siebold collections are some specimens the probable original label with currently being databased. “Herbarium Zuccarinii” was cut and pasted on a Beginning with this paper dealing with label headed “Herb. Zuccarinii. HERBARIUM 328 植物研究雑誌 第 87 巻 第 5 号 2012 年 10 月 4. Specimens with determination or notes by Japanese botanists; 5. Specimens resembling the illustrations on plates published in Flora Japonica; 5b. Possible duplicates of the specimens of Category 5; 6. Specimens well representing the original descriptions, particularly those of the reproductive organs. CYCADACEAE Cycas L. 1) Cycas revoluta Thunb. β. prolifera Siebold & Zucc. in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 236 (1846). Present treatment: Cycas revoluta Thunb. in Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Weetensch. 20: 424, 426 (1782); in Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 4: 40 (1783); in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 926 (1784); Fl. Jap.: 229 (1784) [var. revoluta]. Japanese name: Sotetsu [for C. revoluta var. revoluta]. Lectotype (designated here): Illustration by Keiga Kawahara in the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg (Ohba et al. [1994] Cat. no. 3) (Fig. 3). Original material: Illustration in the Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Fig. 2. Labels of Zuccarini’s collection. A label Petersbourg (Ohba et al. [1994] Cat. no. 4). headed “Herbarium Zuccarinii” with Zuccarini’s No specimen representing the proliferating determination “Abies firma S. & Z.” (upper); a label form was found. We therefore select the headed “HERB. ZUCCARINII,” “HERBARIUM illustration as the lectotype according to the REGIUM MONACENSE,” and “Herbar. Univ. Ludov. Maximil.,” without Zuccarini’s determination ICBN, Art. 9.10. The illustration corresponds (middle); a label cut and pasted on a label headed well with the original description. In L there is a “HERB. ZUCCARINII,” “HERBARIUM REGIUM specimen of C. revoluta, L 0175879, collected MONACENSE,” and “Herbar. Univ. Ludov. and determined by Siebold, and representing Maximil.,” with Zuccarini’s determination “Pinus parviflora S. & Z.” Cycas revoluta var. prolifera in de Kort (2000). In M there is a specimen of C. revoluta, M 0153392, determined by Zuccarini. Both REGIOUM MONACENSE, Herbar. Univ. specimens consist of only female sporophylls; it Ludov. Maximil.” (Fig. 2, lower ), indicating that is uncertain whether they represent var. prolifera Zuccarini’s collection was later transferred to the or not. Botanische Staatssammlung München; 3. Specimens with Japanese names or notes by Siebold (Fig. 1, lower); October 2012 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 87 No.5 329 Pinaceae Original material: In Japonia legit Abies L. communicavit d. Siebold, Herb. Zuccarinii 2) Abies bifida Siebold & Zucc., Fl. Jap. (M 0120953) [Category 2b]. In Japonia legit 2: 18, t. 109 (1842); in Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. communicavit d. Siebold, Herb. Zuccarinii (M Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 235 (1846). 0120954) [Category 2b]. Japonia. S [Siebold] s.n. Present treatment: Abies firma Siebold & (L 0170190) with a slip written “Ad. 7.α Abies Zucc. Tômomi” by Siebold [Category 3]. Japonia. Japanese name: Momi; Saga momi (Siebold In monte Iwajama, S [Siebold] (L 0170189) and Zuccarini 1842). [Category 1]. [Japan] (MAK S1754) [Category Lectotype (designated here): Legit in 2]. Japonia & Communicavit de Siebold anno The specimen, L 0170190, has a slip with 1842, Herbarium Zuccarinii (M 0120952) with “Ad. 7.α Abies Tômomi;” L 0170189 has a small Zuccarini’s determination [Category 2] (Fig. 4). twisted paper on which is written “in monte Original material: Japonia. Hb. von Siebold Iwajama,” both in Siebold’s hand. The name s.n. (L 0170524) [Category 4, 5 (Siebold & “monte Iwajama” corresponds with “montagne Zucc., Fl. Jap. 2: t. 109)] (image in de Kort Iwaja près de Nagasaki” in Siebold's note for et al., 2000). Japonia. Hb. von Siebold s.n. (L Abies firma. 0170188) [Category 2, 4]. Japonia. Hb. Itoo[sic] Keiske ex Owari, no. 616 (L 0175707) [Category 4) Abies homolepis Siebold & Zucc., Fl. 4]. Japonia. S [Siebold] (L 0175885) [Category Jap. 2: 17, t. 108 (1842); in Abh. Math.-Phys. 3]. [Japan] (MAK S1744) [Category 2]. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 235 (1846). Farjon (1993) did not designate a lectotype Endl., Syn. Conif.: 101 (1847). for Abies bifida; he later (Farjon 1998) treated it Present treatment: Abies homolepis Siebold as a synonym of A. firma. & Zucc. Table 109 of Flora Japonica appears to be Japanese name: Urajiro-momi; Sjura momi based on specimen, L 0170524. (Siebold and Zuccarini 1842), ûra siro momi The specimens associated with the name (Siebold and Zuccarini 1842).