BULLETIN QUARTERLY PUBLICATION OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSIOl FIRST QUARTER 1977 Every day of the week, a whole flock From Nadi. of Qantastic Pacific birds take off from 3 flights a week to Honolulu and San Francisco. 3 flights a week to Bombay. Nadi, Noumea and Auckland. 5 flights a week to Sydney. Check out their flight patterns, see how they fit in with your plans and find From Noumea. l ake Air Pacific to Noumea from where you can take yourself on board one of our 747B long a Qantas flight to Sydney every Wednesday. distance comfort birds or aboard the world-famed 707. From Auekland. lake Air Pacific to Auckland from where there When the time comes for you to spread are daily flights to Sydney and regular your wings, fly out in Qantastic stvle. Qantas flights to Brisbane and Melbourne. Australia, Asia, Europe, USA and the Pacific. It’s a Qantastic World. LB1 3153 South Pacific Bulletin Subscription Form I wish to subscribe to the South Pacific Bulletin by surface mail: name ........................................................................................... address......................................................................................... Please Please print PACIFIC ISLANDS AUST. NZ UK USA O ne Year: SA3.80 $4.00 $4.80 £2.40 $US5.00 Three Years: $A 10.50 $11.00 $13.50 £6.75 $US 14.00 My remittance f o r........................... is attached. New □ Renewal C U (please tick appropriate box) South Pacific Commission Publications Bureau ' Box 306, Haymarket, Sydney, NSW, 2000. V AUSTRALIA. Air mail postal rates supplied on application Exotic Plant Pests and Diseases Order Form Please send m e.................. copy/copies of Exotic Plant Pests and Diseases. Plaaaa print name address Price per copy: SPC area • $A7.50; elsewhere • $A 15.00; plus SA3.00 postage/ packing all areas. My remittance f o r..................... is attached. South Pacific Commission Publications Bureau Box 306, Haymarket, Sydney, NSW, 2000. 0 AUSTRALIA. Handicrafts of the South Seas Order Form Please send m e.................. copy/copies of Handicrafts o f the South Seas. PI«aM print name address Price per copy: SPC area - SA3.50; elsewhere - SA4.00. Post free My remittance f o r..................... is attached. South Pacific Commission Publications Bureau Box 306, Haymarket, Sydney, NSW, 2000. AUSTRALIA. Fish Poisoning in the South Pacific Order Form Please send m e..................... copy/copies of Fish Poisoning in the South Pacific. Please p rin t name address Price per copy: SA3.50 or SUS5.2S, post free. My remittance f o r..................... is attached South Pacific Commission Publications Bureau Box 306, Haymarket, Sydney, 2000. AUSTRALIA. IMPROVE POULTRY PRODUCTIVITY HANGING "M "—TYPE CAGE WATERER with HARRISON JAMESWAY Poultry farmers, government officers, both know improved productivity - getting more from your farm - means bigger profits, a sounder economy. Productivity depends on modern, reliable, economically-priced equipment. For top productivity contact Harrison Jamesway, Australia's biggest manufacturer and supplier of poultry equipment. Harrison Jamesway, selling to Pacific poultry farmers now! Harrison Jamesway profit-building poultry equipment includes: ^ Jamesway Big J. incubators, modular Poultry farmers want top profitability. units available. Administrations want viable industries. Harrison Jamesway want to help. ^ Feeding systems for cage and ground birds;low cost, space-saving, easy to instal, more eggs per pound Their man-in-the-Pacific, will call of feed. anywhere with information or / advice to consult on any poultry Watering systems for all birds: problem. Contact him now at stable, sensitive, dependable, hygienic, labour-saving. HARRISON 'M '-type laying cages: stronger, HARRISON- less maintenance than other types; JA M E 5W A Y non-drip nipples allow plenty of £ JAMESWAY PTY. LTD. water yet keep litter dry. 9 Malta Street, Villawood, 2163 ^ Egg graders to suit your farm • N.S.W. Australia. grading, 3,000 or 1,600 eggs Cables: Perfectchick Sydney per hour. Propeller Fans with higher Phone: 728-6144 volume air outputs than normal Telex: AA 24315 for similar diameters. SOUTH PACIFIC BULLETIN. FIRST QUARTER, 1977 Pag© 1 V , HOWARD “ “ For the best ideas in farming. ROTASLASHER For slashing, clearing or topping The name to have Solidly constructed with heavy-duty behind you. transmissions and cutting components, Howard Slashers cut Take the first step towards hard and fast, and are built to last. mechanisation, for tough non-stop Warranted when fitted to tractors of any H.P grass and lawn cutting and practical matched equipment for ■ Gearbox— Heavy-C ploughing, rotavating and hauling, Howard Gearbox with the Howard 2000 Series Tractor. Howard Rotavator Pty. Ltd. P.O. Box 82, Parramatta N.S.W. 2150 Tel: 6301231 Telex 21328 ■ 5 Cutting Widths ■ Safety Shielded— All models -from 122cm-244cm. have full safety shielding ______ for safe operation.______ 2000 SERIES TRACTOR Matched with a Howard mower, the 2000 becomes the ideal grass cutter Reliable all year round mowing with the 28" (71 cm) rear-mounted shown, designed for rough cutting. 43" (109 cm) rear-mounted for fine lawn mowing. 30" (76 cm) flail mower for safe cutting around buildings. 28" (71 cm) mid-mounted for confined areas. Available from: FIJI NEW CALEDONIA M & H Motors Limited, Sifra, Societe D’lmportation Private Mail Bag, Suva Francaise, B.P. 806, Noumea. NEW ZEALAND NEW GUINEA NEW HEBRIDES Howard Rotavator Co. Ltd., TONGA Tutt Bryant Pacific New Hebrides Motors, P.O. P.O. Box 30-233, Lower Hutt Nukualofa Motors, Nukualofa Limited, P.O. Box 326, Box 18, Vila and at Santo. Port Moresby, and at TAHITI WESTERN SAMOA Madang, Goroka, Lae, NORFOLK ISLAND C.A.T., A Billy, B.P. 599, M & M Farm Products Ltd., Rabaul Martins Agencies Papeete P.O. Box 693, Apia H0W0216XFP Pags 2 SOUTH PACIFIC BULLETIN. FIRST QUARTER, 1977 $A0.95c within SPC area south pacific $A1 Australia BULLETIN $NZ1.20 New Zealand Vol. 27 No. 1:1st Quarter, 1977 OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSION ► Tearaka, village change on Bougainville: Part 1 Tearaka 7 Joseph Monsen background ^ Observations on the generation of methane 12 M. Isman and C. Richard ^ Disaster preparedness in the South Pacific 14 James Lewis ^ The Museum of Tahiti and the Islands 22 Anne Lavondes ^ Virus against coconut rhinoceros beetles in Fiji 27 Dr G.O. Bedford ^ Alternative energy sources in the South Pacific 35 J. Guillou ^ Village water supply in Papua New Guinea 37 Christopher Kidd ^ Pacific Reading 44 ^ Theses and Dissertations: Niue 47 Dr W. Coppell (The original text of all articles is English unless otherwise indicated.) Arabica coffee is grown in New Caledonia, the PNG Highlands and is the only type produced on the island of Tanna. New Hebrides. The Condominium authorities asked the SPC to organise a training course in arabica production: this was done in C o v er mid-1974 and a report issued. With the help of the French Coffee and Institute, this report has been published as SPC Hand­ book Number 16. now available on request (price $ A 1.30). Our cover shows course members demonstrating correct seed plan­ ting methods. (Registered at the Post Office, Suva for transmission by Post as a Newspaper). The South Pacific Bulletin, first published in January 1951, The Commission does not accept responsibility for statements features articles on activities in the South Pacific Commission's made in contributed articles. three main fields of operation: economic, health and social All enquiries concerning the South Pacific Bulletin should be development. Articles are contributed by specialists working directed either to the Secretary-General, South Pacific Com­ in these and related fields in the SPC area. The Bulletin mission, BPD5, Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia; or The has a selective, world distribution among people and institu­ Editor, SPC Publications Bureau, Box 306, Haymarket, NSW, tions in widely differing fields sharing a common interest in 2000, Australia. Subscription rates: within SPC area— $A3.80 the purposes and work of the Commission. (1 y r.), $A10.50 (3 y rs .); elsewhere— see subscription form Unless otherwise stated, all material appearing in the South inside. Map inside shows SPC area. Pacific Bulletin may be reproduced without prior reference Editor of Commission Publications: C. E. BIRCHMEIER. provided acknowledgement is made to both source and author. Advertising Manager: FRANK O’CONNELL (Phone: 212 2344). SOUTH PACIFIC BULLETIN. FIRST QUARTER. 1977 Page 3 Remember the good times with silk^fmish # Kodak color prints Borderless round-cornered pictures with a silk surface that actually hides fingerprints. Pass them around. Show your friends. You’ll forget. Pictures won’t. Silk-finish Kodak color prints- from all sizes of Kodacolor film. Silk-finish Kodak color prints are standard from all photo dealers where you see this sign. KODAK (Australasia) PTY. LTD. See your photo dealer now. K61/5074 Pag© 4 SOUTH PACIFIC BULLETIN. FIRST QUARTER. 197? THE SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSION The South Pacific Commission is a consultative data analysis. The Commission’s headquarters are and advisory body which was set up in 1947 by the in Noumea, New Caledonia. six Governments then responsible for the adminis­ tration of island territories in the South Pacific Until 1974, Commissioners from the participating region. These were Australia, France, the Nether­ Governments met in annual Session. The South lands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the Pacific Conference first met in 1950, and became an United States of America. Participation by the annual event in 1967. It was attended by delegates Netherlands Government ceased at the end of 1962. from countries and territories within the Com­ The Independent State of Western Samoa was mission’s area of action, and met immediately before admitted as a participating Government in October the Session. 1964, the Republic of Nauru was admitted in July In October 1974, in Rarotonga, Cook Islands, 1969, the Dominion of Fiji in May 1971 and Papua representatives of the participating Governments New Guinea in September 1975.