Pepperdine University Pepperdine Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations 2020 Advancing leadership consciousness: integrity from the inside out Jessica Plancich Shinners [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd Part of the Leadership Studies Commons, and the Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons Recommended Citation Shinners, Jessica Plancich, "Advancing leadership consciousness: integrity from the inside out" (2020). Theses and Dissertations. 1178. https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd/1178 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Pepperdine University Graduate School of Education and Psychology ADVANCING LEADERSHIP CONSCIOUSNESS: INTEGRITY FROM THE INSIDE OUT A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Education in Organizational Leadership by Jessica Plancich Shinners November, 2020 Kent Rhodes, Ed.D. - Dissertation Chairperson This dissertation, written by Jessica Plancich Shinners under the guidance of a Faculty Committee and approved by its members, has been submitted and accepted by the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION Doctoral Committee: Kent Rhodes, Ed.D. Chairperson Paul Sparks, Ph.D. Martine Jago, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... ix VITA ............................................................................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. xiv Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Need for the Study .............................................................................................................. 2 Problem Statement ............................................................................................................ 10 Purpose of the Study ......................................................................................................... 11 Research Question ............................................................................................................ 14 Definition of Terms ........................................................................................................... 15 Organization of the Study ................................................................................................. 15 Chapter 2: Literature Review ........................................................................................................ 17 Literature Search Strategies .............................................................................................. 17 Review of the Organization of the Literature Review ...................................................... 17 Defining Consciousness .................................................................................................... 18 Ancient Concepts of Consciousness ................................................................................. 20 Easy and Hard Problem of Consciousness ........................................................................ 22 Neuroscience and Consciousness ..................................................................................... 24 Organizational Neuroscience and Neuro Leadership ....................................................... 27 Psychology and Consciousness......................................................................................... 29 Advancing Leadership Consciousness .............................................................................. 43 Inward Shifts ..................................................................................................................... 44 External Shifts ................................................................................................................... 49 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 58 Chapter 3: Research Methodology ................................................................................................ 60 Research Question ............................................................................................................ 61 Hypotheses ........................................................................................................................ 61 Nature of the Study ........................................................................................................... 62 Research Design and Rationale ........................................................................................ 62 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 63 Measures ........................................................................................................................... 64 Population, Setting, Sample and Sampling Technique ..................................................... 68 Recruitment and Participation ........................................................................................... 70 Page Informed Consent .............................................................................................................. 70 Ethics and Human Subject Considerations ....................................................................... 71 Privacy, Confidentiality and Data Collection ................................................................... 72 Data Analysis and Interpretation ...................................................................................... 72 Data Management ............................................................................................................. 73 Validity ............................................................................................................................. 73 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 74 Chapter 4: Results ......................................................................................................................... 76 Restatement of Research Question and Hypotheses ......................................................... 76 Study Design ..................................................................................................................... 77 Overview of Analytical Techniques ................................................................................. 78 Restatement of the Problem .............................................................................................. 79 Restatement of Purpose ..................................................................................................... 80 Participants ........................................................................................................................ 80 Quantitative Results .......................................................................................................... 81 Qualitative Findings .......................................................................................................... 94 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 107 Chapter 5: Discussion and Recommendations ............................................................................ 109 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 109 Discussion ....................................................................................................................... 110 Research Question Answered ......................................................................................... 110 Inspire a Shared Vision ................................................................................................... 112 Challenge the Process ..................................................................................................... 113 Enable Others to Act ....................................................................................................... 114 Model the Way ................................................................................................................ 115 Encourage the Heart ........................................................................................................ 116 Implications and Recommendations ............................................................................... 117 Challenges with the Design and Sample ......................................................................... 128 Limitations