2- 5 71 AcN. 25t"JJ SERVANTS OF INDIA SOCIETY'S LIBRARY PUNE 411004 . FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION To be returned on or before the last date stamped below. 1 7 ~tr 1982 THE STORY OF TH"E REVOLUTION 'hananjayarao Gadgil Library Illn~ IIIIIIIIIII~IIIIIIIIIIIIIRIIID GlPE-PUNE-002571 GEORGE WASHINGTON.' TAu ~t"dl is .""." u 1114 II Gilb-CII(I"";''I' ItJrffniJ." It ftI(I'.t ~(li.",t~ .... I7tJS 0> G.11;w1 SlIMrt. ttnUl u ,...., .... ~ Mr. S. P. Awry. 0' 'lll1It»t AiHd :/Wmti(suni it is MTe ".~,rod"cetl. THE STORY Cltf· AMERICAN REVOLUTION BY HENRY CABOT LODGE WITH ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY ILLUSTRATIONS LONDON DUe K W 0 R T H & co. 190 3 COPYRIGHT FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 1898, 1903, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS Printed by Sherman & Co. Philadelphia, U. S. A. V7 II SI- L8 TO THE ARMY AND NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES, VICTORS OF MANILA, SANTIAGO AND. PORTO RICO, WORTHY SUCCESSORS OF THE SOLDIERS AND SAILORS WHO UNDER THE LEAD OF GEORGE WASHINGTON WON AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE, THIS STORY O}O' THE REVOLUTION IS DEDICATED. CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PAGK THE FIRST STEP. I CHAPTER II. THE FIRST BLOW 25 CHAPTER III. THE SECOND CONGRESS • 53 CHAPTER IV. THE REPLY TO LORD SANDWICH CHAPTER V. THE SIEGE OF BOSTON 97 CHAPTER VI. THE SPREAD OF REVOLUTION • 118 CHAPTER VII. INDEPENDENCE • 136 CHAPTER VIII. THE FIGHT FOR THE HUDSON • 180 v vi CONTENTS CHAPTER IX. PAGR TRENTON AND PRINCETON • 202 CHAPTER X. THE BURGOYNE CAMPAIGN 228 CHAPTER XI. THE RESULTS OF SARATOGA 263 CHAPTER XII. FABIUS 279 CHAPTER XIII. How THE WEST WAS SAVED 325 CHAPTER XIV. ·THE INVASION OF GEORGIA · 353 CHAPTER XV. THE SOUTH RISES IN DEFENCE · 367 CHAPTER XVI. KING'S MOUNTAIN AND THE COWPENS · 380 CHAPTER XVII. GREENE'S CAMPAIGN IN THE SOUTH · 409 CHAPTER XVIII. THE TEST OF ENDURANCE . · 448 CHAPTER XIX. YORKTOWN 49 I CONTENTS vii CHAPTER XX. PA.GE How PEACE WAS MADE. 528 CHAPTER XXI. How THE WAR ENDED 543 CHAPTER XXII. THE MEANING OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 55 2 APPENDIX I. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 579 II. THE PARIS TREATY. III. GENERAL WASHINGTON'S ADDRESS TO CONGRESS ON RESIGNING HIS COMMISSION • INDEX. 59 1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS GEORGE WASHINGTON • Frontispiece P"'i"/~d, tIl 170S. by Gil,,", Slu(,,'. PAGB CARPENTERS' HALL, PHILADELPHIA 3 JOHN JAY 4 E"pa'tltd. U. 178),/""" II P",:iI drawinr by nil Simt"iiwe. mark in 111". JOHN ADAMS 4 P,,,,,. ,. ,!aiHUnK by B/JIlh. 1705. SAMUEL ADAMS 5 F."pawrl/rt"" ,lte .Iorl'''il ,Iainled.4J' CtI.lI'Y. in 1771. PEYTON RANDOLPH, OF VIRGINIA, THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 8 J.',om tI.lainliHI' by c. W. Peau, ~771. RICHARD HENRY LEE, OF VIRGINIA 8 PaiH/inl' 0' c. W. Peale, rtt)/. GEORGE WASHINGTON AT THE AGE OF FORTY 9 Pai",.6;)' Charles Wi/boil Peak, 1773. THE ASSEMBLY ROOM, CARPENTERS' HALL, WHERE THE CONTI- NENTAL CONGRESS FIRST MET II GENERAL JOHN SULLIVAN 17 Frflm II" or;rr""al,#nldl-sMlCh Made ~ 70",. rr"",lmll. at Exeter, N. H., in I1f}O' THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION AND RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE _FIRST CONGRESS AT PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 20, 1774 19 ReJ,odund, /Ij! .IermiJsioll. fro"' IIw (W';rinaI docU,.ull', n(J?IJ tn 1M Ltnox Library. JOHN DICKINSON, OF PENNSYLVANIA • Fr"". II .Iai"Unr by C. IYo Peale. I791. CONCOjl.D BRIDGE AT THE PRESENT TIME 27 'l'HE OLD BUCKMAN TAVERN, BUILT 1690 30 THE OLD NORTH CHURCH 31 ix x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS' J'AGK PAUL REVERE ,ROUSING THE INHABITANTS AL9NG THE ROAD TO LEXINGTON 33 PAu"L REVERE, BY ST. MEMIN, 1804 34 MAJOR PITCAIRN'S PISTOLS • 35 HARRINGTON HOUSE, LEXINGTON 36 THE FIGHT ON LEXINGTON COMMON, APRIL 19, 1775 37 GENERAL VIEW OF LEXINGTON COMMON AT .THE PRESENT TIME 39 LORD PERCY 40 F,tJln a I",i,,' unt cb' W. C. Crime. BARRETT HOUSE, NEAR CONCORD 42 'fHEFIGHT AT CONCORD BRIDGE, APRIL 19, 1775 43 FLAG CARRIED BY THE BEDFORD MILITIA COMPANY AT CON- CORD BRIDGE 45 WRIGHT TAVERN, CONCORD, AT THE PRESENT TIME 46 RECEIPT SIGNED BY THE MINUTE MEN OF IPSWICH, MASS., WHO MARCHED ON THE ALARM, APRIL 19, 1775 47 THE RETREAT FROM CONCORD 48 GRAVE OF BRITISH SOLDIERS, NEAR THE BRIDGE AT CONCORD 50 THE MINUTE MAN AT CONCORD BRIDGE 51 Dan,'d C. F'YmclJ, Sctliltor. JOHN HANCOCK 55 If,t¥'awd/rom tile jtwtrlu1jtJ'Hted b.)' Cojlo .i, 171/. THE RUINS OF TICONDEROGA, LOOKING NORTHWEST, SHOWING THE REMAINS OF THE BASTION AND BARRACKS 60 THE CAPTURE OF TICONDEROGA BY ETHAN ALLEN 61 A NEAR VIEW OF THE RUINS OF THE OFFICERS' QUARTERS AT TICONDEROGA 64 THE BUNKER HILL INTRENCHING PARTY 75 PRESCOTT ON THE PARAPET AT BUNKER HILL 79 THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL ." GENERAL WILLIAM HOWE PJI'OfH till eJlJ!r(J'VI"'r tift"' the ~/"ta.·t cb' Dodd, May IJ, 1786. JOSEPH WARREN, KILLED AT BUNKER HILL 89 Frtlnt tljQr/ra,'1jlll'HI«l1Jo' Co.llo 'N 1171. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi PAGB A GLIMPSE OF BUNKER HILL MONUMENT FR()M COpp'S HILL CEMETERY WASHINGTON TAKING COMMAND OF THE ARMY 99 VICINITY OF THE WASHINGTON ELM, CAMBRIDGE, AT THE PRES­ ENT TIME 101 A PROCLAMATION BY KING GEORGE III., AUGUST, 1775 105 R~frl/ltl,ual frllM tnU tJ/ llu twirr-".l iwtHUbidu ;" Dr. EMllUl's c(JII~Clrtnt 110711 jn llu Len" LiH-a,,,. CAPE DIAMOND AND THE CITADEL, QUEBEC 107 TABLET ON THE ROCKS OF CAPE DIAMOND BEARING THE IN- SCRIPTION" MONTGOMERY FELL, DEC'R 31, 1775" 108 THE MONUMENT TO MONTGOMERY, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, NEW YORK CITY 109 ErutNlI;7 I. WtMr fF c,.p~ss. 7a"",."3' 25. ~116. THE ATTACK ON QUEBEC III THE DESTRUCTION OF FALMOUTH, NOW THE CITY OF' PORT­ LAND, ME. /" Ik/~. rns. 0' ,. )tul _ ... Ca.lla;" Mnlall. GENERAL WILLIAM MOULTRIE 1 27 Fr(IWI IAI .It1i"t"" 17 :J'oA" r'"III11"II. 119" OLD ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH, CHARLESTON, S. C. 128 THE DEFENCE OF FORT SULLIVAN, JUNE 28, 1776, 13 1 FORT MOULTRIE, AT THE PRESENT DAY 133 WASHINGTON SHOWING THE CAMP AT CAMBRIDGE TO THE COM- MITTEE, CONSISTING OF FRANKLIN, LYNCH, AND HARRISON, APPOINTED BY CONGRESS. J47 INDEPENDENCE HALL, PHILAI;>ELPHIA, CHESTNUT STREET FRONT 150 THOMAS PAINE ISS F,."". ~("""" " C. W. PetJ~. I'/Ij. ROGER SHERMAN 157 F,,,,. 1M .1 ••;" •.", obr RaJ.I" eark. 1781. ROBERT MORRIS • • 159 FrOlll .1_("';'" " Ed'IIIard S,nmp. I79fJ. THOMAS JEF-FERSON Fro. lite .I•• ."Ii", " CJ.ar1~s Will"" Peak. 179" VIEW OF INDEPENDENCE HALL FROM THE PARK SIDE xii ,LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS STAIRWAY IN INDEPENDENCE HALL FAC-SIMILE OF A PART OF THE ROUGH DRAFT OF THE DECLAR­ A TION OF INDEPENDENCE. Prom an ar/oly"e by E. Biwsladt.of 'he original ,i, I", D'.Iar/~1I1 0/ Siale, at Washi1ll!to", D. C. ROOM IN INDEPENDENCE HALL IN WHICH THE DECLARATION WAS SIGNED READING THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE TO THE TROOPS IN NEW YORK, ASSEMBLED ON THE COMMON, NOW CITY HALL PARK, OLD ST. PAUL'S IN THE BACKGROUND 169 FROM THE RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY CONGRESS, JULY 5, 1776 171 Foe-simile of a ,Jart of the ori,gilttrl draft belo~Jl!inll' to the Em".,t collulio" ill Ille UlZOX Lilwary. TEARING DOWN THE LEADEN STATUE OF GEORGE III., ON BOWL­ ING GREEN, NEW YORK, TO CELEBRATE THE SIGNING OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 173 THOMAS JEFFERSON WRITING THE DECLARATION OF INDEPEND- ENCE GENERAL NATHANIEL GREENE PART OF TABLET MARKING THE LINE OF DEFENCE AT THE BA TTLE OF LONG ISLAND • Plnud ,'" Brook/YII by lJu So"s of the Rt'Vo/ulio", GENERAL ISRAEL PUTNAM Fr(lm a por/,..a.', by H. I. rholll,/soll, after a ,Imci/·slletchf'om life ~ 70h" Trumbull. BATTLE PASS, PROSPECT PARK, BROOKLYN PRESENT VIEW FROM OLD FORT PUTNAM (NOW FORT GREENE), BROOKLYN 192 THE RETREAT FROM LONG ISLAND 193 'THE jUMEL MANSION, WASHINGTON HEIGHTS, NEW YORK CITY 197 SITE OF FORT WASHINGTON, NEW YORK CITY, LOOKING TOWARD FORT LEE 199 THE RETREAT THROUGH THE JERSEYS 203 WASHINGTON'S TROOPS DISEMBARKING ON THE 'TRENTON SHORE OF THE DELAWARE RIVER 'THE. POINT AT WHICH WASHINGTON CROSSED THE DELAWARE RIVER 2II LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii PAGE THE SURPRISE AT TRENTON 213 OLD KING STREET (NOW WARREN STREET), TRENTON 2IS A .. CALL TO ARMS" • 216 RefrtNIlI~etI. /tW 'MJi'st I~. i" 'ac.•• ",/k (,edHcnl)/rlWll 'M twirl;,al ti«Hmnft. QUAKER MEETING-HOUSE, -NEAR .PRINCETON 218 THE BATTLE OF PRINCETON 219 STONY BROOK BRIDGE, NEAR PRINCETON 221 HOUSE AND ROOM IN WHICH GENERAL MERCER DIED 222 NASSAU HALL, PRINCETON, ERECTED 1756 224 GENERAL PHILIP SCHUYLER 232 F,."". ,Iu ~lJiHIt"r" Trou.lmll (J79Z) {II 'M Yak Col/ere Art GallwJl. RUINS OF OLD FORT FREDERICK, CROWN POINT-AT THE PRES- ENT TIME 233 THE HOME OF GENERAL PHiLIP SCHUYLER AT OL.D SARATOGA, NEAR SCHUYLERVILLE 234 GENERAL JOHN: BURGOYNE • 235 Frlmf all nwraf/inz (aflw lhe ~ailJti"r IJ' Gardnw) ~H!Jlishtd ill 1181. THE RAVINE A'r ORISKANY, NEW YORK 236 BATTLE OF ORISKANY. 237 GENERAL HERKIMER'S HOUSE AT DANUBE, NEAR LITTLE FALLS, NEW YORK 239 OLD STONE CHURCH AT GERMAN FLATS IN THE MOHAWK VAL- LEY 240 CASTLE CHURCH, NEAR DANUBE, IN THE MOHAWK VALLEY 241 GFNERAL JOHN STARK 242 From • ~";lIlillr (af/eft" T""III/IIII1) lJj1 u. D. Tn'HOI, at llu Slate CtrJr'lo/ at Concwd, N. H. THE BATTLE OF BENNINGTON 245 CATAMOUNT TAVERN, BENNINGTON, VT" THE HEAD-QUARTERS OF GENERAL STARK AND THE COUNCIL OF SAFETY 247 Dra?IJ"/'"". all DId 'JIf"{Jp,,~'" MONUMENT AVENUE, BENNINGTON, AT THE PRESENT TIME 247 GENERAL HORATIO GATES • 249 Frtml 'M lu·,lIwloJ ml,lIblt'slted pwtrail ~~{"tNl b,y .R.