LACEY, OLYMPIA, AND TUMWATER Shoreline Analysis & Characterization Report Prepared for: December 2008 Thurston Regional Planning Council Lacey, Olympia, and Tumwater - Shoreline Analysis & Characterization Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Background and Purpose............................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Report Organization ...................................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Regulatory Overview .................................................................................................................1-2 1.3.1 Shoreline Management Act and Shoreline Guidelines ...................................................................... 1-2 1.3.2 Shoreline Jurisdiction ........................................................................................................................ 1-2 1.3.3 Other Regional Plans and Policies..................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3.4 Coordination with Local Jurisdictions............................................................................................... 1-3 2.0 Methods ........................................................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Data Sources...............................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Determining Shoreline Jurisdiction and Planning Area Boundary ............................................2-1 2.3 Approach to Ecosystem-Wide Processes and Shoreline Functions............................................2-1 2.4 Approach to Characterization and Analysis of Jurisdictional Shorelines ..................................2-2 3.0 Ecosystem-Wide Processes...........................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Regional Overview.....................................................................................................................3-2 3.2 Process Controls.........................................................................................................................3-3 3.2.1 Climate............................................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.2.2 Geology ............................................................................................................................................. 3-5 3.2.3 Tidal Circulation................................................................................................................................3-7 3.3 Nearshore Marine.......................................................................................................................3-8 3.3.1 Physical Processes ............................................................................................................................. 3-9 3.3.2 Water Quality Processes .................................................................................................................. 3-10 3.3.3 Habitats and Species ........................................................................................................................ 3-12 3.3.4 Nearshore Marine Important Areas and Alterations ........................................................................ 3-12 3.3.5 Assessment of Nearshore Marine Shorelines................................................................................... 3-17 3.4 Freshwater Rivers and Lakes ...................................................................................................3-18 3.4.1 Physical Processes ........................................................................................................................... 3-18 3.4.2 Water Quality Processes .................................................................................................................. 3-23 3.4.3 Habitats............................................................................................................................................ 3-24 3.4.4 Freshwater Important Areas and Alterations ................................................................................... 3-25 4.0 Reach Analysis and Characterization ...........................................................................................4-1 4.1 Water Bodies in the Olympia, Tumwater, Lacey Shoreline Planning Area...............................4-1 4.2 Marine Shorelines ......................................................................................................................4-1 4.2.1 Budd Inlet .......................................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2.2 Nisqually Reach............................................................................................................................... 4-10 4.3 Rivers and Streams...................................................................................................................4-14 4.3.1 Black Lake Drainage Ditch.............................................................................................................. 4-14 4.3.2 Chambers Creek............................................................................................................................... 4-18 4.3.3 Deschutes River............................................................................................................................... 4-21 4.3.4 Percival Creek.................................................................................................................................. 4-29 4.3.5 Woodland Creek .............................................................................................................................. 4-32 4.4 Lakes ........................................................................................................................................4-36 4.4.1 Barnes Lake ..................................................................................................................................... 4-36 4.4.2 Bigelow Lake................................................................................................................................... 4-39 4.4.3 Black Lake....................................................................................................................................... 4-42 4.4.4 Capitol Lake..................................................................................................................................... 4-46 4.4.5 Chambers Lake ................................................................................................................................4-52 4.4.6 Grass Lake (Lake Louise)................................................................................................................ 4-56 4.4.7 Hewitt Lake ..................................................................................................................................... 4-60 4.4.8 Hicks Lake....................................................................................................................................... 4-62 4.4.9 Ken Lake.......................................................................................................................................... 4-66 4.4.10 Lake Susan and Munn Lake........................................................................................................ 4-68 ESA Adolfson Page i December 2008 Lacey, Olympia, and Tumwater - Shoreline Analysis & Characterization Report 4.4.11 Long Lake and Goose Pond (Long Pond)................................................................................... 4-71 4.4.12 Pattison Lake............................................................................................................................... 4-76 4.4.13 Southwick Lake .......................................................................................................................... 4-80 4.4.14 Trosper Lake ............................................................................................................................... 4-82 4.4.15 Ward Lake................................................................................................................................... 4-84 5.0 Summary of Issues and restoration opportunities.........................................................................5-1 5.1 Nearshore / Marine Environment...............................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Status of Shoreline Functions Summary Table.................................................................................. 5-2 5.1.2 Key Management Issues .................................................................................................................... 5-4 5.1.3 Restoration Opportunities.................................................................................................................. 5-4 5.2 Deschutes River System.............................................................................................................5-5 5.2.1 Status of Deschutes River Functions Summary Table......................................................................