32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 417 PC Magazine® Linux® Solutions COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 418 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 419 Index Symbols adapters, hardware issues, 28–29 * (asterisk), 291 address book options, Evolution e-mail - (dash character), 221 program, 194 $ (dollar sign), 68, 164 address contacts, Evolution e-mail program, = (equals operator), 177 192 ! (exclamation point), 175 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), 323 > (greater than character), 171–172 addresses, IP # (hash mark), 68, 164, 175, 252 broadcast, 323 . (period character), 415 classes, 322 | (pipe character), 173 default route, 323 dial-up Internet connections, 86–87 A loopback addresses, 323 AbiWord word processing application, 11 MAC (Media Access Control), 323 access control lists (ACLs), 414–415 name resolution, 324, 326–327 account setup native address translation, 323 GAIM messenger program, 200–201 netmasks, 323 instant messaging, 199 number assignment, 76–77 Thunderbird e-mail program, 195 octets, 322 accounts. See also group accounts subnet, 76 deleting, 66 unique, 76 /etc/passwd file, 58–59 Address:0 boot prompt option, 42 GUIs (graphical user interfaces), 209 adduser command, 211–212 KUser User Manager program, 213–214 Adobe Acrobat plug-in, 139 new account creation, 65, 211–214 Advanced category, Firefox Web browser, 187 passwords, 64, 69–72 Advanced Packaging Tool. See APT permissions, setting up, 218–222 antispam features, 196–197, 353 private, 65 AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) service, 199 root, 63 Apache software package superuser, 63, 207–208, 342 configuration, 366–367, 372–374 switching between, 68 directories, 371–372 system, 214 DirectoryIndex directive, 372 system-config-users program, 64 DocumentRoot directive, 370 UID (user ID), 58 Group directive, 369 user name information, 67 installation, 365–366 ACLs (access control lists), 414–415 KeepAlive directive, 377 active windows, 124 continued 419 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 420 420 Index Apache software package (continued) atrm command, 290 KeepAliveTimeout directive, 377 authentication, 304 Listen directive, 368 automation MaxKeepAliveRequests directive, 377 Internet connections, 79–80 performance tuning controls, 376–378 partitioning schemes, 50–53 plug-ins, 24 timed execution, 287–288 Prefork MPM code block, 377–378 ServerAdmin directive, 369 B ServerName directive, 370 B language (Thompson and Ritchie), 4 ServerRoot directive, 367–368 background themes, 158 Timeout directive, 376 backups User directive, 369 archives, 232–233 apci=off boot prompt option, 42 CDs, 231 apic boot prompt option, 42 commercial products, 245 apm=allow_ints boot prompt option, 42 compression, 232 apm=off boot prompt option, 42 cron command, 238–239 apm=power_off boot prompt option, 42 databases, 248 apm=realmode_ boot prompt option, 42 dedicated software packages, 94 applets, 153 differential, 229 application themes, 149 DVDs, 231 applications, KDE, 126 files and folders, restoring, 241 APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) files, undeleting, 246 deb files (Debian distribution), 260 full, 229 installing packages with, 262 group account example, 59–60 overview, 14 importance of, 93–94 querying packages with, 264–265 KDat graphical tool, 239–242 removing packages with, 263 media changes, 236–237 setting up for, 261–262 Norton Ghost utility, 247 updating packages with, 262–263 OpenOffice.org documents, 246 archives, backups, 232–233 partial, 229 Arkeia backup products, 245 partitions, copying entire, 247 ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 323 profiles, creating, 241–242 Art section, GNOME desktop themes, 149 reasons for, 30–31 assignment operators, 177 restoration CDs, 31 asterisk (*), 291 REV disks, 231 at command, 287–289 routine, 227–228 atq command, 289 scheduling, 229 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 421 Index 421 security practices, 341 bugmenot extension (Firefox Web browser), tapes, 230–231, 237 139 USB keys, 231 build number, RPM, 250 user preference configuration, 242 burning CDs/DVDs, 243–244 verification, 241 bus devices, PCI Windows environment, 31, 93–94 listing, 273–275 zip disks, 231 scanning, 275–276 Base database application (OpenOffice.org bzip2 command, 233 application), 138 BASH (Bourne-again shell), 162 bash command, 162 C batch command, 293 C language (Thompson), 5 BBC (bootable business card), 21 C shells, 163 Beginning Shell Scripting (Foster-Johnson), cable, patch, 79 180 cachedir directory, 258 Berkeley Standard Distribution (BSD), 5 caching, 401 BIOS (basic input/output system), 39–40, 339 Calc spreadsheet (OpenOffice.org application), blocks, file system space, 94, 280 138 boot process canceling job queues, 290 boot loader programs, 39, 91 captive user interfaces, 161 boot order, setting, 40 carriage returns, 170 boot prompt options, 42–43 cat command, 165, 170 device drivers, loading at boot time, 269 cd command, 169 dual booting, 21–22, 45 CDBurn application, 37 GRUB boot loader, 39, 107–108 cdrecord command, 249, 259 Intel-architecture, 39–40 CD-ROM drives, 263 POST (power-on self-test), 40 CDrWin application, 37 system configuration, 92 CDs bootable business card (BBC), 21 backups, 231 Bourne shell, 162 burning, 243–244 Bourne-again shell (BASH), 162 creating from ISO files, 37–38 broadcast addresses, 323 Linux-based rescue disks, 21 BRU backup product, 245 live, 13, 21–22 BSD (Berkeley Standard Distribution), 5 restoration, 31 buddy lists, GAIM messenger program, cell phones, embedded computing 201–202 distributions, 10 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 422 422 Index character descriptions, shell programs, 175 destination target, 168–169 chat features, 202–203 df, 270 checksum command, 348 dir, 165 Chinese distributions, 9 echo, 180 CHKDSK utility, 101 exit, 208 chmod command, 175, 222–223 fdisk, 229 chown command, 224 flag, 165 CIFS (Common Internet File Services), 322 gcc, 26 classes, IP addresses, 322 gcj, 26 CLI (command-line interface), 161 get, 262 closed source software, 8 gpasswd, 71 closing windows, 125 grep, 246 CMOS (complementary metal oxide groupadd, 216 semiconductor), 40 gunzip, 234 Codeweavers CrossOver Office Web site, 22 gzip, 233 coldplug, 271 id, 67 color schemes, themes, 158 ifconfig, 332–333 command substitution, 178 inetd, 353 commands ipconfig, 80, 89 adduser, 211–212 less, 171, 173 at, 287–289 lilo, 264–265 atq, 289 locate, 257, 351 atrm, 290 ls, 165, 170, 270 bash, 162 lsof, 351 batch, 293 lspci, 273–275 bzip2, 233 lsusb, 277–278 cat, 165, 170 man, 254, 260 cd, 169 md5sum, 348 cdrecord, 249, 259 modprob, 269 checksum, 348 more, 171, 173 chmod, 175, 222–223 mount, 47, 225 chown, 224 mt, 237 cron, 238–239, 287–288, 290 ncompress, 233 crond, 57 netstat, 350 crontab, 288, 290–293 newgp, 210 date, 178 normal files, 166 default behaviors, 166 partimage, 247 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 423 Index 423 passwd, 69–70 comments, in shell programs, 175–176 ps, 278 commercial backup products, 245 pwd, 169 commercial software, 8 redirection operators, 171–173 Common Internet File Services (CIFS), 322 regex, 415 Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE), rm, 208 346 root, 63 compatibility, hardware, 29–30 route, 333–334 compilers, 26 rpm, 344, 348–349 complementary metal oxide semiconductor scanpci, 273, 275–276 (CMOS), 40 sed, 173 compression, backup data, 232 setgid, 225 configuration setuid, 225 Apache software package, 366–367, shell functions, 164–165 372–374 simple command example, 165–166 Dovecot mail delivery agent, 389–390 smbmount, 316 Postfix mail server, 382–383 source target, 168–169 Squid proxy server, 405–409 special files, 167 Windows client machine, 413 su, 68, 208–209 YUM program, 257–259 sudo, 210 Control Center switches, 165 GNOME desktop, 143–144 tar, 232–236 KDE desktop, 156–157 tcsh, 163 control characters, 170 test, 179 costs, Linux advantages, 11 tgz, 180 CPU architecture, RPM, 250 umount, 47–48 cron command, 238–239, 287–288, 290 uname, 268 crond command, 57 update, 260 crontab command, 288, 290–293 up2date, 344 custom installation method, 26–27 urpm, 16 CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), useradd, 211, 216 346 usermod, 217 vmstat, 278 D xinetd, 353 daemons, 57 comma-separated lists, 62, 166 dash character (-), 221 commented-out value, Postfix mail server data retrieval, system logs, 284–286 configuration, 383 32_777692 bindex.qxp 3/8/06 8:16 PM Page 424 424 Index databases window behaviors, 124–125 backups, 248 workspaces, switching between, 125 capabilities, Linux advantages, 11 desktops, KDE PostgreSQL, 11 applications, 126 date command, 178 background information, 130 dd boot prompt option, 42 Control Center, 156–157, 156157 Debian distribution default configuration, 126 advantages of, 14 icons, 131–132 deb files, 260 interoperability, 136–137 discussed, 13 on Knoppix distribution, 127–129 hardware compatibility, 29 Konqueror file manager, 135–136 Social Guidelines page, 14 menus, 133–134 software packages, 14 overview, 125 Web site, 14 panels, 132 decryption, 199 themes, customizing, 157–160 dedicated backup packages, 94 windows behaviors, 133–135 default gateways, 75, 323 destination target, commands, 168–169 default routers, 75, 323 device drivers deleting accounts, 66 defined, 267 dependency issue, RPM, 250 device access, 270 desktops, GNOME loading at boot time, 269 applets, 153 device nodes, 270 Control Center, 143–144 df command, 270 Desktop Background Preferences option, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 145 77, 89 features, 115 dial-up Internet connections, 86–89 icons, 117 differential backups, 229 interoperability,