WATER RESOURCES IN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA VOLUME II COUNTRY WATER NOTES AND SELECTED TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS 2003 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433, USA Manufactured in the United States of America Second Printing August 2003 This publication is in two volumes: (a) Volume I—Water Resources in Europe and Central Asia: Issues and Strategic Directions; and (b) the present Volume II—Water Resources in Europe and Central Asia: Country Water Notes and Selected Transboundary Basins. The Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development (ECSSD) Department is distributing this report to disseminate findings of work-in-progress and to encourage debate, feedback and exchange of ideas on important issues in the Europe and Central Asia region. The report carries the names of the authors and should be used and cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations and conclusions are the authors’ own and should not be attributed to the World Bank, its Board of Directors, its management, or any member countries. For submission of comments and suggestions, and additional information, including copies of this report, please contact Ms. Rita Cestti at: 1818 H Street N.W. Washington, DC 20433, USA Email: [email protected] Tel: (1-202) 473-3473 Fax: (1-202) 614-0698 Printed on Recycled Paper TABLE OF CONTENTS Weights and Measures...................................................................................................................ii Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................................iii Geographic Glossary .....................................................................................................................v Overview........................................................................................................................................vi PART 1: COUNTRY WATER NOTES Albania..........................................................................................................................................1 Armenia.......................................................................................................................................11 Azerbaijan...................................................................................................................................17 Belarus ........................................................................................................................................25 Bosnia and Herzegovina .............................................................................................................32 ` Bulgaria .......................................................................................................................................42 Croatia .........................................................................................................................................52 Czech Republic ...........................................................................................................................64 Estonia.........................................................................................................................................67 Georgia........................................................................................................................................70 Hungary.......................................................................................................................................77 Kazakhstan..................................................................................................................................81 Kyrgyz Republic .........................................................................................................................87 Latvia ..........................................................................................................................................95 Lithuania .....................................................................................................................................99 Former Yugoslavia Republic of Macedonia .............................................................................103 Moldova ....................................................................................................................................113 Poland........................................................................................................................................121 Romania ....................................................................................................................................124 Russian Federation....................................................................................................................133 Serbia and Montenegro .............................................................................................................143 Slovak Republic ........................................................................................................................164 Slovenia.....................................................................................................................................167 Tajikistan...................................................................................................................................171 Turkey.......................................................................................................................................178 Turkmenistan............................................................................................................................186 Ukraine......................................................................................................................................191 Uzbekistan.................................................................................................................................200 PART 2: SELECTED TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS AND REGIONAL SEAS Aral Sea.....................................................................................................................................207 Baltic Sea ..................................................................................................................................209 Black Sea/Danube Basins .........................................................................................................211 Caspian Sea...............................................................................................................................214 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES BCM billion cubic meters cm centimeter GW gigawatt GWh gigawatt-hour GWh/year gigawatt-hour per year ha hectare km kilometer km2 square kilometer kW kilowatts l/sec Liters per second lcd Liters per capita per day m meter m3 cubic meter m3/sec cubic meter per second masl meters above sea level MCM million cubic meters mg/l milligrams per liter mm millimeter MW megawatt ii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS BVO River Basin Organization BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand CAS Country Assistance Strategy COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DSI State Hydraulic Works EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ECA Europe and Central Asia ECE Economic Commission for Europe EIB European Investment Bank ESR Environmental Sector Report EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FBiH Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina FY Fiscal Year FYR Former Yugoslav Republic GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (German Technical Assistance Agency) HEI Hygiene Epidemiological Institute HELCOM Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission HMI Hydro Meteorological Institute HPP Hydro Power Plant HPS Hydro Power Station HRMEPP Hazards Risk Mitigation and Emergency Preparedness Project IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBSFC International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission I&D Irrigation and Drainage ICPDR International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River ICWC Interstate Commission for Water Coordination IDA International Development Association IDP Internally Displaced Person ICSD Interstate Commission on Sustainable Development ICWC Interstate Commission for Water Coordination IFAS International Fund for the Aral Sea IFI International Financial Institution INWEB International Network of Water-Environment Centers for the Balkans JSC Joint Stock Company KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (German Project Funding Agency) LOCP Lake Ohrid Conservation Project MDG Millennium Development Goal MESP Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning iii MAWRPI Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources and Processing Industry MESP Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning METAP Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Program MNREP Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection MoAWF Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry MoEP Ministry of Environmental Protection MoWEP Ministry of Water and Environmental Protection NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NGO Non Governmental Organization NWC National Water Council O&M Operation and Maintenance PHARE Poland, Hungary Aid for Reconstruction of the Economy (European Commission) RBA River Basin Agency REC Regional Environment Centre REReP Regional Environment Reconstruction Programme RS Republika Srpska (Bosnian Serb Republic) SAPARD Special Accession Program for Agriculture and Rural Development SEE South Eastern Europe SCWE State Committee of Water