Environment Project Report Study for the Proposed 1050MW Coal Power Plant, Lamu County, Kenya Report Prepared for Amu Power Company Limited Report No. KT/4085/EPR/00 September 2015 Environment Project Report Study for the Proposed 1050MW Coal Power Plant, Lamu County, Kenya Prepared for: Amu Power Company Limited Geminia Insurance Plaza, Kilimanjaro Ave - Upperhill P. O. Box 61872-00200, Nairobi, Kenya Prepared by: Kurrent Technologies Ltd. Hass Plaza, 4th Floor, Lower Hill Road, P. O. Box 16989 – 00620 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (+254) 20 273 0308/10 Fax: (+254) 20 273 0296 E-mail: [email protected] September 2015 Compiled by: Approved by: Mr. Sanjay Gandhi – COO Kurrent Mr. Francis Njogu – Group CEO Technologies Ltd. Amu Power Company Limited NEMA Lead Expert – Registration No. 0119 Contents 1 Details of Proponent and ESIA Team ........................................................... 16 2 Introduction .................................................................................................... 17 3 Project description ......................................................................................... 21 3.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 21 3.2 Project features ................................................................................... 21 3.3 Project components ............................................................................ 24 3.3.1 Power plant ...................................................................................... 24 3.3.2 Air pollution control equipment ......................................................... 25 3.3.3 Coal unloading, storage and handling .............................................. 25 3.3.4 Workers’ housing .............................................................................. 26 3.3.5 Jetty and berth.................................................................................. 27 3.3.6 Solid waste disposal ......................................................................... 27 3.3.7 Water supply system ........................................................................ 27 3.3.8 Borrow pits ....................................................................................... 28 3.3.9 Construction schedule and workforce ............................................... 28 3.4 Construction activities ........................................................................ 29 3.4.1 Pre-construction works ..................................................................... 29 3.4.2 Surveying, site clearing, site preparation, and mobilization ............... 29 3.4.3 Establishment of contractor yard ...................................................... 30 3.4.4 Establishment of laydown areas on site ............................................ 30 3.4.5 Access roads and site preparation.................................................... 30 3.4.6 Construction of foundations and below grade utilities ....................... 31 3.4.7 Building and equipment installation .................................................. 32 3.4.8 Start-up, commissioning, and testing ................................................ 32 3.4.9 Site cleanup and project closeout ..................................................... 32 3.4.10 Water supply system construction .................................................... 32 3.4.11 Waste management ......................................................................... 33 3.4.12 Safety, fire protection and emergency response ............................... 33 3.5 Overview of the operational phase .................................................... 34 EPR Study – 1050MW Coal Power Plant, Lamu, Kenya 3.5.1 Overview of operations and maintenance ......................................... 34 3.5.2 Access and traffic ............................................................................. 34 3.5.3 Safety, fire control and emergency preparedness ............................. 34 3.5.4 Fencing and signage ........................................................................ 35 3.6 Overview of the decommissioning phase ......................................... 35 3.7 Project timing....................................................................................... 35 4 Regulatory Framework for the Project ESIA Study ..................................... 37 4.1 Kenyan legislative and regulatory framework .................................. 37 4.1.1 Constitution of Kenya, 2010.............................................................. 37 4.1.2 Environment Management and Coordination Act, 1999 .................... 37 4.1.3 Other legislative requirements .......................................................... 38 4.2 African Development Bank requirements ......................................... 38 4.3 IFC Social and Environmental Performance Standards ................... 40 5 The Environment Project Report .................................................................. 42 5.1 Objectives of the scoping phase ........................................................ 42 5.2 Aims of the Environment Project Report .......................................... 42 5.3 Preparation of the Environment Project Report ............................... 43 5.4 Consultations....................................................................................... 43 6 Approach to the ESIA process ...................................................................... 44 7 Public engagement ...................................................................................... 46 7.1 Public engagement in the scoping phase ......................................... 46 7.2 Key engagement activities ................................................................. 47 7.3 Key public views and concerns ......................................................... 49 7.4 Ongoing public engagement .............................................................. 53 Page 4 of 136 EPR Study – 1050MW Coal Power Plant, Lamu, Kenya 8 Affected environment .................................................................................... 54 8.1 Pre-existing features ........................................................................... 54 8.2 Description of the affected environment ........................................... 54 8.2.1 Climate ............................................................................................. 54 8.2.2 Ecological profile of the project area ................................................. 56 8.2.3 Geomorphology ................................................................................ 62 8.2.4 Soils ................................................................................................. 62 8.2.5 Oceanography .................................................................................. 63 8.2.6 Archaeology and cultural heritage .................................................... 65 9 Consideration of project alternatives ........................................................... 68 9.1 Location alternatives ........................................................................... 68 9.2 Activity related alternatives ................................................................ 73 9.3 Scheduling alternatives ...................................................................... 75 9.4 Technology alternatives ..................................................................... 75 9.4.1 Power plant technology .................................................................... 75 9.4.2 Clean coal technology ...................................................................... 76 9.5 The “do-nothing” alternative .............................................................. 77 10 Construction materials and waste management ......................................... 78 10.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 78 10.2 Materials of construction .................................................................... 78 10.2.1 Water ............................................................................................... 78 10.2.2 Sewage ............................................................................................ 78 10.2.3 Roads ............................................................................................... 79 10.2.4 Stormwater ....................................................................................... 79 10.2.5 Solid waste disposal ......................................................................... 79 10.2.6 Electricity .......................................................................................... 79 10.2.7 Human resources ............................................................................. 79 Page 5 of 136 EPR Study – 1050MW Coal Power Plant, Lamu, Kenya 10.3 Codes and standards .......................................................................... 80 10.4 Waste management policy ................................................................. 81 10.5 Site maintenance/restoration ............................................................. 81 10.6 Pollution prevention and environmental protection ......................... 81 10.6.1 Sediment control .............................................................................. 81 10.6.2 Fuel storage and refuelling ............................................................... 82 10.6.3 Dust suppression .............................................................................