INDEX Aalenian, 91, 98, 100, 101,395,396,402,423,428 Actinoptena, 497 Aalensis Biozone, 91, 93, 98,100 Actinosepia, 55 Acanthicum Zone (Chronozone), 321, 323, 466, 471, Adamsoceras, 144 472 holmi,144 Acanthoceras, 64, 65, 67, 74 oe/andicum, 144 amphibo/um, 62 Adaptation, 309 bellense, 62 Adaptive, 311 granerosense, 62 radiation, 59, 91,101,102,396,411,412 rhotomagense, 324 Ademic organisms, 407, 408, 412 var. clavatum, 324 AdmirandumlBiruncinatum Zone, 324, 328, 466, var. confusum, 324 476 var. subjlexuosum, 324 Adygeya,47,52,54,55 var. sussexiense, 324 adygensis, 54 aft'. sussexiense, 324 Adygeyidae, 54, 55 Acanthoceratid, -ae, 59, 61,62,63,64,67,68,69,70, Agathiceratidae, 300, 302, 309 71 Agetograptus, 497 Acantholissonia, 521,522,523,524,526,527,528, Aggregate crystal, 233 529 Agoniatites, 23, 26, 27, 37 gerthi, 524, 527 bicanaliculatus, 28, 32, 33, 39 Acanthompha/a, 321; see a/so Pseudowaagenia cf. bicanalicu/atus, 32 Acceleration, 69, 112 costu/atus, 39,40 Accretionary growth, 23, 25, 26, 36, 37, 42 umbona/e, 28 Accumulated elements, 398 cf. umbona/e, 32 Acernaspis, 495, 496 vanuxemi,28, 32, 36 Acetabulum, -la, -Iar (moieity), 204, 205, 207, 208, Agoniatitida, -ina, 23, 27,43 209,214,218 Akrosphaerorthoceras grega/e, 384, 388 Achoanitic, 227, 243, 247, 250; see also Septal neck A/amitocense, 474; see also Aspidoceras Acicular-prismatic layer, 52, 53 AlbertinumlDarwini Zone, 466, 474, 476, 486 Acmonoides (A.), 425 Albian, 62,425,426 Acompsoceras, 64, 65, 74 Aleksin horizon, 507 Acrei (A.), 425 Alispira gracilis, 495, 496 Aerobe/us, 423 Allochthonous shells, 407 Acrocoelites, 422,423,427, 428 Allometries, -ic, 18, 263 Actinocamax, 425, 430 Allotrioceratidae, 142, 144, 154 cobbani,425 Allumettoceras, 147 groen/andicus,425 Aloco/ytoceras, 93 manitobensis,425 Aluojan, 139, 144, 150 praecursor, 425 Alveolus, -oli, -olar, 162, 164, 166, 167, 189, 190, 196 Actinocerid, -a, 52, 137, 144, 154, 255, 256, 260, Ammonitella, -ae, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,28, 29, 31, 32, 390 33,34,35,36,37,40,43,240,243,244,245, Actinoconites, 165 247,253,345,346,356,358,361,363 531 532 Index Ammonites, 3, 6, 7, 59, 61, 62, 63, 69, 71, 77, 78, 80, Anthracoceras, 82, 308, 350, 353, 356, 358 125, 126, 132,263,265,271,273,274,275, d~cus,82,350,353,356,358 276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284, Antibody, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196 285,286,287,288,289,290,315,316,317, Antigen, 191, 192, 194, 196 321,324,328,329,330,335,336,337,338, Antisera, 191, 194 339,340,342,348,463,464,466,467,468, Apex, 5, 23, 27, 29, 30, 32,166,167,174,176,178, 471,472,474,476,477,478,480,481,482, 182,208,209,212,218,223,225,228,255, 484,485,486,487,521,523,524,526 256,267,336,367,369,371,374,377 Deshayesi, 439 Aphelaeceras arkansanum, 349, 352, 354 Regleyi, 93, 101 Apicicurvata (Ps.), 423 scissus, 93, 101 Apomorphic (character), 266 Ammonitic sutures, 278 Approximatus Biozone, 139 Ammonoid, -ea, 6, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 36, Aptian, 54, 55, 230, 234, 239, 419, 425, 426, 430, 432, 37,39,40,43,44,59,60,61,67,69,70,71, 433,437,439,440,441,444,445,447,449, 77,78,80,81,82,83,85,86,87,91,231,233, 450,452,457,458,460 234,235,236,237,240,241,244,245,250, Aptychi, -chus, 6, 7, 339 251,252,253,255,259,260,263,273,274, Aquilonites, 515 275,276,289,295,296,297,298,299,300, Aranea, 198 301,303,304,305,307,308,309,310,311, Aravanites kirgizstanicus, 301 312,316,317,329,345,346,348,350,351, Arcanoceras, 512, 515 353,354,355,356,358,359,360,361,362, formosum,515 363,395,397,398,407,463,505,506,507, Archanarcestes, 23, 27 508,509,510,511,512,513,515,517 obesus, 29, 33, 40 Ammonitina, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 240, 241, 252, Architeuthis, 79 253,263,316,397,398,407 Arcobe/us, 423, 428 Amoeboceras horizon, 472 Arctic Province, 409, 423, 425 Amoebocytes, 176, 198 Arcticoceras, 125, 131,320 Amphichoanitic, 250 Arctocephalites,320 Amsbergites warslowensis, 515 Arctocephalitinae, 125, 132 Anaboly, 114 Arctoteuthis,429 Anaplanulites, 126 Arenig-Llanvirn, 137, 139 mutatus, 126 Argonauta, 5, 316 Anaptychi, 6 Arion hortensis, 198 Anarcestes, 27 Arionoceras, 391 lateseptatus, 28 affine, 384, 388 Anarcestida, -tina, 27, 43 repetitum, 384, 398 Ancistroceras, 148, 150 submoniliforme, 384, 385, 388 Ancyloceratina, 244, 250, 251 Arjamannia cf. cancel/atula, 496-497 Andalusphinctes,485 Arkanites relictus, 82, 87, 350, 351, 355, 356, 360 Andean (stratigraphy, ammonites), 480, 522 Arm, 3,4, 5, 7,8,9,10,79,203,204,205,207,208, Province, 410 211,212,214,216,342 Andkeras, 467,474,485 Amsbergian, 300, 507, 516 lenki, 466, 467, 474, 478 Arnsbergites, 512 monserrati, 466, 467, 474 Arnsberites warlovensis, 513 Andinum, 474; see also Aspidoceras Arteria branchialis, 190 Anisian, 167,317,330 siphonalis, 190 Anisotropic cloud, 269; see also Landmark Artus Biozone, 139 Ankyloceras, 230 Arundian, 507, 508 Annulate, 138, 144,146 Asbian, 507, 511 Annulosiphonate deposits, 146 Aserian, 139, 140, 142, 144, 146, 147, 148 Anova,281 Ashgillian, 367 Anoxic Asidoceras, 517 bottom waters, 431 nikolaevi, 509, 510, 515 conditions, 339, 342 Aspidoceras,474 environments, 244 haupti.474 oceanic zone, 498 rafaeli, 474, 477 shales, 256; see a/so Dysoxic shales rogoznicense, 474, 477 waters, 501 sesquinodosum, 323 Anthoceras, 144 Aspidoceratidae, -tinae, 320, 321, 323, 326, 327 Index 533 Astarte, 126 Bathmoceras, 142 Asteroconites, 165 Bathmoceratidae, 140, 154 Ataxioceras assemblage, 468 Bathonian, 319, 320, 423 Athabascan Province, 410 Baupliine, 71, 271 Atherstoni Zone (Subzone), 527, 528 Bavaricum Zone, 466, 476 Athleta Zone, 130, 132 Beak, 6, 7 Atokan, 83, 347, 348, 361 Beckeri Chronozone (Zone), 321, 322, 466, 471, 472 Atractites, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168,422,427 Belemnella, 425 alpinus, 164, 165 casimirovensis,425 claviger, 166 Belemnitella, 425 crassirostris, 166 americana, 425 intermedius, 163 bulbosa, 425 pusillus, 166 Belemnites, 51, 52, 55, 126, 223, 224, 228, 229, 230, Aturia,80 255,259,419,420,421,422,423,424,425, alabamensis, 80 426,427,428,429,430,431,432,433 Aulacoceras, 165 BelemnitelIidae, 430, 432, 433 ausseanum,168 Belemnitida, -tidae, -tina, 55, 162, 231, 422, 423, 424, Aulacoceratidae, -toidea, 162, 164, 165 427,428,429,432 Aulacocerida, -e, 55, 161, 162, 164, 165, 168,422, Belemnococeras, 165 427,431,433 Belemnoidea, 55 Aulacosphinctoides-Virgatosphinctes assemblage, 478 Be1emnopseidae, -ina, 424, 429, 431 Aulacoteuthis,425 Belemnops~,424,423,425,428,430,431 Ausseites, 163, 167, 168,422 madagascariensis, 426 Austral Realm, 419, 425, 429, 430, 431,432, 433 patagoniensis, 421, 426 Austroteuthis, 16~ Belemnoteuthina, 424 Autapomorphy, -ic, 8, 9, 59, 60, 64, 65, 67 Belemnoteuthis, 229, 424 Autochthonous shells, 407 Belosaepia, 51, 55 Autophagic vacuoles, 185 Belopteria, 55 Axinolobus quinni, 82 Belopterina, 55 Axonemes, 218 Benthic cephalopods, 203, 204, 216, 310, 384, 385 Bactritella, 47, 224 fauna, 390, 466 Bactrites, 49, 255, 256 foraminifera, 335 ausavensis, 228 Bentoceras, 150 postremus, 47, 48, 49, 54 proteus, 152 Bactritida, 43 Benueites, 328 Bactritimimus, 165 Bering Province, 409 Bactritoidea, 47, 49, 52 Berkhoceratid, -ae, 30 I, 3I0 Baculites, 251 Berriasella-Substeuroceras assemblage, 478 asper, 250 Berriase/la, 478, 482, 485 codynesis, 250 nitida,485 Bajarunia. 122 Berriasian, 425, 463, 464, 468, 476, 480, 481, 482, alexandri 117 484,485,486,487,488,522,528 dagysi, 122 Beyrichoceras, 512, 515 eiekitensis, 117 Zone, 507, 512 euomphala, 117, 122 -Goniatites Zone, 507, 508, 511, 513 Bajocian, 93, 319, 320, 406, 422, 423, 424, 428 Beyrichoceratoides, 509,510,512,515 Balderum horizon, 472 Bifoveoceras, 147 Baltoceratidae, 140, 146, 154 Bifrons Zone, 428 Baltoscandian, 139, 150 Billingenian, 139 Barrandeocerida, 148 Biodispersal, 407, 408 Barremian, 323,421,425,429,432, 521 Biogeographical dispersal, 408, 412 Basal cell, 189, 190, 196, 199 gradients, 41 I lamina, 173, 174, 176, 184, 186 pattern, 419 Baschkirites librovitchi, 350 Biometric method, 263, 264 Baseline, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270 Biospecies, 317, 348 methods, 265, 268, 270 Biotope, 317 units, 266 Bipolar distribution, 431 Bassleroceratidae, 150, 152, 156 pattern, 432 S34 Index Bisatoceras secundum, 351 Cadoceras (cont.) Bisulcata (P.), 423 stenolobum, 126 Bivariate analysis, 263 subpatruum, 125, 129 Black shales, 493, 494, 496, 497, 498, 501, 508, 522 aff. tschemyschevi, "126 Blutdriise, 190, 198, 200 ex gr. tschernyschevi-simulans, 127 Bobrikihorizon, 507 Cadoceratinae, 131 BodeiSubzone,458 Cadochamoussetia, 12?, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, Boissieri Zone, 476 132, 133 Bolbozoe bohemica, 390 saratovensis, 125, 126, 129, 131, 132, 135 Bollandites, 512, 515 subpatruus, 125, 126, 127, 129, 130 -Bollandoceras assemblage, 510 surensis, 125, 126, 127, 128 -Bollandoceras Biozone, 507 Caecum, 7, 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39,43,243,245, Bollandoceras, 515 246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,259 inopinum,515 Calarthoceras pseudocalamiteum, 384, 388 Boreal assemblages (faunas, ammonoids), 62, 109, Calliconites, 161, 162, 163, 165, 167, 168 110, III, 113, 118 dieneri. 167 realm (region), 93,109,114,348,409,410,419, Callidiscus Subzone, 437, 445, 450, 451, 457, 458, 459 423,425,429,430,431,432,433 Callinectes sapidus, 198 Boreoceras, 109, Ill, 114 Calliphylloceras, 329 apostolicum, III Callovian, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, demokidovi, III, 112, 114,117,118 234,238,320,421,423,424,428 mirabile, Ill, 122 Calloviense Zone, 320 ogonerense, 111, 117, 118 Calpionella, 476 planorbis, Ill, 112, 114, 117,118 alpina, 464, 482 Boreomeekoceras keyserlingi, 117 Calpionellopsis, 476 Box analysis (method), 276, 277 oblonga, 476 Brachial moiety, 214 simplex. 476 Bradfordensis Biochron, 91,100,101,102,395,396, Calveziconus lecalvezae, 335 397,398,401,402,403,405,406,408,409,412 Calycoceras.