e a directorate of technical and operational support ground systems engineering department mission support office mission analysis section RO-ESC-RP-5500 ROSETTA: CONSOLIDATED REPORT ON MISSION ANALYSIS CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO 2004 (Issue 5, Rev. 0) by J. Rodríguez Canabal J. M. Sánchez Pérez Arturo Yáñez Otero August, 2003 European Space Operations Centre Robert-Bosch-Str. 5 D - 64293 Darmstadt Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: ii ROSETTA: CONSOLIDATED REPORT ON MISSION ANALYSIS First Edition (Issue 5, Rev. 0), 2003 ESA/ESOC, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany, August, 2003 European Space Agency RO-ESC-RP-5500 Agence spatiale européenne ESOC Mission Analysis Section Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany ESA-TOS-GMA Tel. +49-6151-90-2059; Fax +49-6151-90-2625 Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: iii Document Approval Prepared by Address Code Signature Date J.M. Sánchez Pérez ESA/TOS/GMA Approved by Address Code Signature Date J.RodríguezCanabal ESA/TOS/GMA European Space Agency RO-ESC-RP-5500 Agence spatiale européenne ESOC Mission Analysis Section Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany ESA-TOS-GMA Tel. +49-6151-90-2059; Fax +49-6151-90-2625 Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: iv Change Record Date Issue Rev. Page/Para. Description Approval affected authority European Space Agency RO-ESC-RP-5500 Agence spatiale européenne ESOC Mission Analysis Section Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany ESA-TOS-GMA Tel. +49-6151-90-2059; Fax +49-6151-90-2625 Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: v Distribution List Project : C. Berner J. van Casteren G. Coupe J. Ellwood Ph. Kletzkine D. Koschny J. Salvignol R. Schulz G. Schwehm ESOC : MAS V. Companys P. Ferri J. Fertig W. Frank J.F. Kaufeler M. Lauer E. Montagnon T. Morley R. Münch J. Schoenmaekers A. Smith J. Wardill M. Warhaut European Space Agency RO-ESC-RP-5500 Agence spatiale européenne ESOC Mission Analysis Section Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany ESA-TOS-GMA Tel. +49-6151-90-2059; Fax +49-6151-90-2625 Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: vi Table of Content 1. PURPOSE....................................................................................................................1 2. REFERENCES..............................................................................................................2 2.1 Applicable Documents................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Reference Documents ................................................................................................. 2 3. MISSION REQUIREMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS ............................................................4 3.1 General Description .................................................................................................... 4 3.2 Scientific Requirements .............................................................................................. 4 3.2.1 Comet Characterisation....................................................................................... 5 3.2.2 Asteroids Characterisation .................................................................................. 6 3.3 Launcher Requirements .............................................................................................. 6 3.4 Spacecraft Requirements............................................................................................. 7 3.5 Ground Station and Radio Tracking System............................................................... 8 4. MISSION OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................9 4.1 Mission Baseline Description ..................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Rosetta Baseline Mission.................................................................................... 9 4.2 Launcher Description................................................................................................ 15 4.2.1 Launch Procedure.............................................................................................. 16 4.2.2 Launcher Performances and Launch Dates....................................................... 16 4.3 Spacecraft Description .............................................................................................. 17 4.4 Mission Operation Phases......................................................................................... 18 5. LAUNCH WITH ARIANE 5 .........................................................................................21 5.1 Injection with Coast Arc ........................................................................................... 21 5.1.1 Sequence of Events ........................................................................................... 22 5.1.2 Eclipses ............................................................................................................. 22 5.1.3 Ground Station Coverage.................................................................................. 24 5.1.4 Injection Errors.................................................................................................. 26 5.2 General Launch Window .......................................................................................... 27 5.3 Daily Launch Window .............................................................................................. 33 5.4 Non-Optimal Ariane 5 Flight Program Launch ........................................................ 33 5.5 Maximum Spacecraft Mass and Launch Window .................................................... 33 5.6 Cost of Delayed Launch............................................................................................ 34 6. INTERPLANETARY TRAJECTORY ..............................................................................37 6.1 Detailed Mission Description ................................................................................... 38 6.1.1 Numerical Trajectory Data................................................................................ 38 6.1.2 Geometrical Data .............................................................................................. 39 6.1.3 Ground Station Coverage.................................................................................. 69 6.1.4 Early Orbit Determination and First Correction Manoeuvre............................ 85 6.1.5 Interplanetary Navigation.................................................................................. 92 7. ASTEROID FLY-BY POSSIBILITIES ..........................................................................102 7.1 Extra Delta-V Assessment ...................................................................................... 102 7.2 Effect to Interplanetary Trajectory.......................................................................... 105 7.2.1 Asteroid fly-by in phase from 2nd Earth to 3rd Earth swing-by........................ 105 7.2.2 Asteroid fly-by in phase from 3rd Earth swing-by to comet........................... 110 8. NEAR COMET OPERATIONS ...................................................................................114 8.1 Comet Model........................................................................................................... 114 8.2 Range of Comet Models.......................................................................................... 116 8.3 Near Comet Drift Phase .......................................................................................... 118 8.4 Far Approach Trajectory......................................................................................... 124 European Space Agency RO-ESC-RP-5500 Agence spatiale européenne ESOC Mission Analysis Section Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany ESA-TOS-GMA Tel. +49-6151-90-2059; Fax +49-6151-90-2625 Doc. Title: ROSETTA: CReMA Churyumov-Gerasimenko 2004 Issue: 5 Doc Ref.: RO-ESC-RP-5500 Rev.: 0 Date: August, 2003 Page: vii 8.5 Close Approach Trajectory ..................................................................................... 130 8.6 Transition to Global Mapping................................................................................. 133 8.7 Global Mapping Phase ............................................................................................ 140 8.8 Close Observation Phase......................................................................................... 149 8.9 SSP Delivery ........................................................................................................... 160 8.10 Relay Phase ............................................................................................................. 172 8.11 Extended Monitoring Phase .................................................................................... 178 9. PROPELLANT BUDGET ...........................................................................................179 10. ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................180 11. APPENDIX A. DETAILED TRAJECTORY...............................................................182