Human Resource Development in a Re-emerging Country - Bulgaria Assoc. Prof. Dimitar Tonev Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania BULGARIA AND NUCLEAR ENERGY Kozloduy NPP is the only nuclear power plant in Bulgaria, providing more than one third of the total annual electricity output of the country. Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania BULGARIA AND NUCLEAR ENERGY There are 6 units constructed on NPP Kozloduy site of Russian design with total electricity generation of 3760 MW, pressurized water reactors. Safety is the main priority at Kozloduy NPP and it is a subject to independent state surveillance by the Nuclear Regulatory Agency at the Bulgarian Council of Ministers Since the beginning of 2007 only the two units VVER 1000 type remained operational But… Bulgaria has ambitions in the field of nuclear energy and a new unit AP1000 is a very good solution. Who is working at NPP Kozluduy, State Enterprice Radioactive Waste, Nuclear Regulatory Agency and how the human resource in the field of Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Physics is developed? Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania BULGARIAN INSTITUTIONS AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Universities – Technical University Sofia, Plovdiv, Gabrovo, Varna Sofia University, Plovdiv University, Shumen and Blagoevgrad University – Faculties of Physics and Chemistry Institutes of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Ministry of economy and energy Bulgarian Nuclear Regulatory Agency International Atomic Energy Agency International collaborations Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania OUTLINE Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy – BAS today INRNE research activities in nuclear energy Core physics Reactor dynamics and safety NPP safety analysis Spent fuel analysis Nuclear fuel performance Reactor dosimetry IRT-2000 Scientific support International collaboration Training and qualification Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania INRNE-BAS TODAY The biggest complex centre in Bulgaria for fundamental and applied research in the fields of: Nuclear physics High energy physics Nuclear energy, nuclear methods and technologies Radiation environment and ecology The research reactor of the INRNE-BAS is the only national scientific nuclear facility in Bulgaria. Basic environmental observatory at peak Moussala World recognized results of the INRNE notified during the European Science Foundation evaluation of the BAS. Quality Management System certificated according to . ISO 9001 for quality and . ISO 14001 for environment Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Prof. Elisaveta Karamihailova (1897-1969) Pioneer of the Experimental Nuclear Physics in Bulgaria Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Core behavior studies Core Physics Fuel lattice and core calculations with deterministic and Monte Carlo codes (APOLLO2,COBAYA3, TRIPOLI4) Reactor Dynamics and Safety Higher-resolution neutronic/ thermal-hydraulic simulation at the nodal and fuel pin level for improved reactor performance and Coupled COBAYA3/TH pin-by-pin simulation safety: . 3D neutronics calculations with COBAYA3, CRONOS2 and Monte Carlo codes . 3D core and reactor vessel TH modeling with FLICA4, COBRA, CATHARE . 3D coupled N/TH core and core-vessel, core-plant simulation . R&D for coupled N/TH/Fuel behavior FLICA4 3D sub-channel thermal- COBAYA/FLICA simulation of VVER MSLB accident code calculations hydraulic calculation Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania NPP Safety Analyses power supply to aerosol collection system (AEKI) Analytical Code Validation HO2 HO2 cooling to mass spectrometer HO and Validation of input bundle head 2 HO2 steam, Ar, H2 models for WWER 1000 off-gas pipe HO for RELAP5, ASTEC, 2 Ar MELCOR. containment heated Ar cooling jacket length test bundle ~ 1 m shroud Severe accident analyses aux. water ZrO2 insulation with ASTEC, MELCOR and Ar Ar overpressure HO other computer codes. aux. heater 2 quenching HO2 cooling He Investigation of HO2 bundle foot (fuel rods) phenomena at different power supply EU facilities. QUENCH stand for investigation of fuel degradation and hydrogen generation. Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Spent fuel analysis Criticality safety analyses with burnup credit implementation of spent fuel management facilities - SCALE code system SCALE6 WWER-440 FA Validation of SCALE6 modelling against WWER-440 experimental data SCALE WWER-440 spent fuel cask calculation Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Optimization of nuclear fuel behavior for WWER-1000 Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Reactor Dosimetry More than 20 years INRNE provides scientific support of Kozloduy NPP in Neutron Fluence assessment for NPP life time justification: • RPV and Surveillance Specimens fluence calculation • RPV support structure fluence calculation • Periodical studies for an assessment of the metal emrittlement of the reactor vessel state through the neutron fluence evaluation Reactor Dosimetry Verified methodology based on well recognized tools is developed in longtime collaboration with world leading nuclear institutes, RSC Kurchatov Institute (Moscow), NRI-Rez (Prague), CEA (France), SCK-CEN (Belgium), TECNATOM (Spain), NRG (Petten), JRC-IE (Petten) within the European Working Group on Reactor Dosimetry (EWGRD) Novel Monte Carlo based approaches are in development and verification for further improvement of INRNE methodology Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania IRT-200 Mission Education Nuclear energy, technology and investigations Dosimetry, radiation protection Physics, radiochemistry and radiobiology Nuclear safety Applications Neutron activation analysis Production of isotopes Radio-pharmacy Nanotechnology Neutron radiography New materials Metrology Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania Scientific support Bulgarian Nuclear Regulatory Agency • Radiological monitoring of radioactive release from Kozloduy NPP site Kozloduy NPP Participation in the Stress tests Analysis of WWER fuel termomecanical behavior under transient and accident conditions Assessment of current reactor pressure vessel metal state and lifetime prognosis of the WWER-1000 Analysis in support of Symptom based Emergency Operating Procedures Government RAW entity Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania INRNE PhD STUDENTS ON SUBJECTS RELATED TO NUCLEAR REACTORS in the last 10 years PhD theses defended PhD students in process of theses defence PhD students in process of theses preparation Total number - 40 6 New PhD students from NPP Kozlodui. Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania INRNE and Stress-tests of the NPP “Kozloduy” “Extreme external climate conditions” Infrastructure Development Working Group Meeting, 8 May 2014, Bucharest, Romania International collaboration Participation in prestigious international projects - Nuclear Reactor Integrated Simulation Project, 2009-2012, - Nuclear Reactor Safety Simulation Platform, 2013-2015 SARNET Network of Excellence for a Sustainable Integration of European Research on Severe Accide Phenomenology and Management – Phase 2, 2009-2013 - New Member States Linking for an AdvaNced Cohesion in Euratom Research , 2011- 2013 - Establishment of a Regional Center of Competence for WWER Technology and Nuclear Applications, 2011-2014 CESAM - Code for European Severe Accident Management, 2013-2014 International collaboration International Atomic Energy Agency Institutes of the Joint Research Centre of EC Organizations of the AER on WWER reactor physics and safety Leading European institutes - CEA France, IRSN France , UPM Spain, GRS Germany etc. Department of Energy, USA PennState University, USA, MoU Texas A&M Univertsity, MoU European Technical Safety Organizations Network Training and qualification Teaching on “Neutron and Reactor Physics”, “Nuclear reactors” and “Radiochemistry” of Bachelor, MSc.,PhD students in collaboration with SU”Sv. Kl. Ohridski” and TU-Sofia Supervising of PhD students from Kozloduy NPP Specialized training – BNRA license, 2014 Training of personnel and instructors for identification of commodity with possible double usage Participation in national and international schools and conferences CORONA Pilot training for non-nuclear specilists FP7 EURATOM Project CORONA - Establishment of Regional Center of Competence for VVER Technology and Nuclear Applications, CSA-CA, 11 participants from 8 countries +JRC,EC; 2011-2014 Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Department Analysis of Radioactive and Nuclear Materials of Illegal Origin Scientific support for: Nuclear Regulatory Agency, Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Defense, State Agency for National Security, Border Police, Civil Defense, Prosecution,Custom Control and other Government Organizations Example Cargo Container control Portable High-Resolution Gamma-Spectro- meter for reliable isotopic identification of nuclear materials