Sri Shanmugha College of Engineering and Technology Pullipalayam,Morur(Po),Sankari(Tk),Salem(Dt) OUR SINCERE THANKS TO MANAGEMENT OF SSCET CHAIRMAN: Mr.K.SHANMUGHAM ENIGCS-2K15 OUR ASSOCIATION MEMBERS HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT Mr.R.SRIVEL TEACHING STAFFS Ms.P.DHIVYA(AP\ECE) Ms.R.B.DRAVIDAPRIYAA(AP\ECE) Mr.S.DURAIRAJ(AP\ECE) Mr.P.PRAGADEES KUMAR(AP\ECE) Ms.S.MOHANAPRIYA(AP\ECE) Mr.A.SIVANANTHAM(AP\ECE) NON TEACHING STAFFS Ms.C.E.THENMOZHI(AP\ECE) Mr.E.KUPPURAJU(AP\ECE) Mr.S.PRAVEENKUMAR(AP\ECE) Mr.S.MOHAN(AP\ECE) PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENT Mr.P.S.GOBINATH,IV-ECE Mr.M.HARIHARAN,III-ECE SECRETARY JOINT-SECRETARY Ms.M.SEETHA,IV-ECE Mr.L.VIGNESH,III-ECE TREASURER JOINT-TREASURER Ms.R.UTHRA,IV-ECE Ms.V.KANNAPRIYA,III-ECE COMMITTEE MEMBERS TECHNICAL COMMITTEE HOSPITALITY COMMITTEE Mr.D.SATHEESH,IV-ECE Mr.N.MURUGESAN,IV-ECE Ms.S.SWATHI,IV-ECE Ms.S.MAHALAKSHMI,IV-ECE Ms.V.SUJITHRA,IV-ECE Ms.D.UMA,IV-ECE Mr.UDHAYAKUMAR SEMMALAI,III-ECE Mr.A.KARTHI,III-ECE Mr.B.MATHIYAZAGAN,III-ECE Mr.T.GOKUL,III-ECE Ms.S.MYTHILI,III-ECE RECEPTION COMMITTEE MOC Ms.R.GUGHAPRIYA,IV-ECE Ms.S.NANDHUPRIYA,IV-ECE Ms.P.SARANYA,IV-ECE Ms.V.SARANYA,III-ECE Ms.R.MOUNIKA,IV-ECE Ms.R.SUPRIYA,III-ECE Ms.K.SRI YESHVANTHRA,III-ECE Ms.K.NITHYA,III-ECE Ms.R.SWAATHY,III-ECE REGISTRATION COMMITTEE REFRESHMENT COMMITTEE Mr.K.S.MANJUNATH,IV-ECE Mr.P.LOKESHVIVEKANANDAN,IV-ECE Mr.D.KIRUBASHANKAR,IV-ECE Mr.P.NANDHAKUMAR,IV-ECE Ms.S.S.PREETHI,IV-ECE Mr.C.KISHOREKUMAR,III-ECE Ms.S.ANU,IV-ECE Mr.P.KARTHI,III-ECE Mr.V.KARTHI,III-ECE DESIGN COMMITTEE Ms.V.DIVYA,III-ECE Mr.S.DINESHKUMAR,IV-ECE PURCHASING COMMITTEE Mr.S.MOHAN,IV-ECE Mr.A.K.NAVEENKUMAR,IV-ECE Ms.J.GUNA,IV-ECE Mr.C.JAYASEELAN,IV-ECE Mr.S.VEERAMANI,III-ECE Mr.C.KISHOREKUMAR,III-ECE Mr.K.C.VIMALRAJ,III-ECE Mr.M.HARIHARAN,III-ECE Content Technical news: 3D Printed 'Smart Cap' Can Sense Spoiled Food -06 New Hybrid Robot Has Soft 'Skin' but Hard 'Guts' -07 June 2016: America and Japan to face off in giant robot combat -09 Innovative Method Improves Strength and Modulus in Carbon Fibers -11 Researchers produce 'building blocks' for ultrathin electronics -13 New study shows how nano particles can clean up environmental pollutants -14 Using sonar to navigate: Bats do it,dolphins do it and now humans can do it, too -16 Wireless data delivery over active TV channels tested -18 5G will revolutionize the radio spectrum -20 Skype runs on Raspberry Pi with a virtual machine -21 Wireless microcontroller with novel Bluetooth LE radio -22 China Mobile tops subscriber league -23 New Certification Rules Will Delay Gadget Launches in India Even Further -24 Apple Could Open Its Exclusive Stores In India -28 Soon you’d search your real-world experiences, courtesy Google -29 Cover story: The Inside-Story of the VLSI Revolution -31 Kudankulam nuclear power plant -37 Project: Charging the mobile using the heat energy -56 Line Follower Robot -61 Protected Security System -66 Robot Providing The Medicine -68 Railway level crossing gate operation remotely by android -71 CONCLUSION: -74 SRUJAN TECHNICAL NEWS 3D Printed 'Smart Cap' Can Sense Spoiled Food Engineers at the University of spoilage. The 'smart cap' was fitted California, in collaboration with with a capacitor and an inductor to colleagues at Taiwan's National Chiao form a resonant circuit. A flip of the Tung University, have integrated carton allowed a bit of milk to get electrical components, such as trapped in the cap's capacitor gap, and resistors, inductors, capacitors and the carton was then left unopened at integrated wireless electrical sensing room temperature for 36 hours. systems into the 3D printing process. They have put the new technology to The circuit detected the changes in the test by printing a wireless 'smart electrical signals that accompany cap' for a milk carton that detects signs increased levels of bacteria. The of spoilage using embedded sensors. researchers monitored the changes with a wireless radio-frequency probe at the "Our paper describes the first start of the experiment and every 12 demonstration of 3D printing for hours thereafter, up to 36 hours. The working basic electrical components, as smart cap found that the peak vibration well as a working wireless sensor," said frequency of the room-temperature senior author Liwei Lin, a professor of milk dropped by 4.3% after 36 hours. mechanical engineering and co-director In comparison, a carton of milk kept at of the Berkeley Sensor and Actuator 4°C saw a relatively minor 0.12% shift Centre. in frequency over the same time period. Polymers are used in 3D printing "This 3D-printing technology could because their flexibility allows them to eventually make electronic circuits be formed into a variety of shapes. cheap enough to be added to packaging However, they are poor conductors of to provide food safety alerts for electricity. To get around this, the consumers," Prof Lin said. "You could researchers built a system using imagine a scenario where you can use polymers and wax. They then removed your cellphone to check the freshness the wax, leaving hollow tubes into of food while it's still on the store which liquid metal was injected and shelves." then cured. Lin said his lab is working on The shape and design of the metal developing this technology for health determined the function of different applications, such as implantable electrical components. For instance, devices with embedded transducers that thin wires acted as resistors, and flat can monitor blood pressure, muscle plates were made into capacitors. strain and drug concentrations. The researchers integrated the Author electronic components into a plastic Tom Austin-Morgan milk carton cap to monitor signs of 6 SRUJAN TECHNICAL NEWS New Hybrid Robot Has Soft 'Skin' but Hard 'Guts' It may seem soft and squishy to the unpredictable environments, and a soft touch, but a new robot is tough on the robot that can bend and adapt to such inside and ready to pounce, researchers environments and put up with a lot of say. punishment could be really useful. You could also think of more practical The 3D-printed bot has hard insides but applications, such as search-and-rescue a soft exterior, and this blend of missions in disaster scenarios such as materials makes it much better at collapsed buildings, where a soft robot explosion-powered jumps than droids could go where no wheeled robot could that are either completely hard or navigate." completely soft, according to a new study. Hard vs. soft Such leaping robots could one day Conventional robots are typically rigid come in handy in harsh environments creations. Although they can be fast, too dangerous for humans, particularly precise and strong, this rigidity makes because the bots are capable of them vulnerable to harm from bumps, surviving hard falls and other scrapes, twists and falls, and also unforeseen circumstances, scientists prevents them from being able to added. [The 6 Strangest Robots Ever wriggle past obstacles. Created] Increasingly, researchers are "One wild potential application would developing robots made from soft, be in space — on the moon or Mars or elastic plastic and rubber, inspired by other planets," said study co-lead worms and starfish. These soft robots author Nicholas Bartlett, a roboticist at are resistant to many kinds of damage, Harvard University. "These are and are able to overcome obstacles that 7 SRUJAN TECHNICAL NEWS can impede hard robots. But, their Weirdest Things Created By 3D floppy nature can make them slow, Printing] weak and clumsy. Moreover, they often are not completely soft, since they Soft robots typically move their limbs require such hard components as by using air compressors that force motors, pumps, batteries and sensors, bursts of air in and out of a series of which also tend to be fragile. pneumatic channels running through their appendages. Recently, the Now, scientists have created a robot researchers pioneered a way to use made up of both hard and soft parts that explosive force to propel rubbery bots combines the best of both types. The more quickly. idea of blending soft and hard materials in a robot's body came from nature, Jumping machine Bartlett said. The robot consists of a soft, three- "The octopus has an almost entirely legged body that absorbs impacts and a soft body, but a rigid beak, and when core that houses key components such you look at the interface between the as a battery, oxygen cartridge, butane body and the beak, it's not an abrupt cell, air compressor and a combustion transition, but a gradual shift between chamber. The robot's core is made of hard and soft," Bartlett told Live two nested hemispheres — the bottom Science. "Evolution has had a head hemisphere is essentially a soft belly, start on us for many millions of years while the top hemisphere is made of — why not take tried-and-tested nine different layers of material, designs and use them for inspiration ranging from highly flexible to fully with our machines?" rigid, with the hardest layer a thousand times stiffer than the softest one. The researchers created the new robot using 3D printing, which creates items The combustion-powered robot has by layering materials such as rubber three pneumatic legs and a belly that and plastic, just as ordinary printers lay can flex. To move, the robot first down ink.