CONTENTS Title Page No Message by Member Secretary, State Planning Commission Preface by the District Collector Acknowledgement List of Boxes List of Figures List of Tables CHAPTERS I District Profile 01 -11 II Status of Human Development 23 -23 III Employment, Income and Poverty 24 -31 IV Demography, Health and Nutrition 32 -50 V Literacy and Education 51 -71 VI Gender 72 -79 VII Social Security 80 -86 VIII Infrastructure 87 -97 IX Summary and Way Forward 98 -110 Annexures Technical Notes Abbreviation References THIRUVARUR DISTRICT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2017 District Administration, Thiruvarur and State Planning Commission, Tamil Nadu in association with Thiru.Vi.Ka.Government Arts College, Thiruvarur CONTENTS Title Page No Message by Member Secretary, State Planning Commission Preface by the District Collector Acknowledgement List of Boxes List of Figures List of Tables CHAPTERS I District Profile 01 -11 II Status of Human Development 23 -23 III Employment, Income and Poverty 24 -31 IV Demography, Health and Nutrition 32 -50 V Literacy and Education 51 -71 VI Gender 72 -79 VII Social Security 80 -86 VIII Infrastructure 87 -97 IX Summary and Way Forward 98 -110 Annexures Technical Notes Abbreviation References ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is the imitative of the State Planning Commission (SPC) Government of Tamil Nadu to prepare District Human Development Report (DHDR) for Thiruvarur district with the financial support received from the UNDP and Government of India. The State Planning Commission took up the task as a constructive exercise towards streaming the Government programmes to yield the deserved intended results. The endeavor of preparing this report has been assigned to Thiru. Vi. Ka. Government Arts College, Thiruvarur by the State Planning Commission in Collaboration with the district Administration. A district level core committee was constituted with the district Collector as the Chairman and Mr. M. Nagentran, Assistant Professor and Head, Post Graduate Studies and Research Department of Economics, Thiru. Vi. Ka. Government Arts College, Thiruvarur as the Coordinator. This Human Development Report has been kept contract and has been seen through to completion with the support and encouragement of innumerous people. It is a pleasant task to express my thanks to all those who contributed in many ways to the preparation of the report. First of all I would like to express my sincere thanks to Tmt. Santha Sheela Nair (Retd), IAS Former Vice Chairman, State Planning Commission, Government of Tamil Nadu for constantly reviewing the progress of this exercise and supplementing with valuable suggestions. I convey my heartfelt gratitude to Thiru. M. Balaj, I.A.S and offering Dr. Sugato Dut, IFS., Member Secretary (i/c) State Planning Commission respectively for providing all necessary administrative support and resource to accomplish the endeavor. I owe a deep sense of gratitude to Thiru. Anil Meshram I.A.S, Member Secretary, State Planning Commission. My thanks are also due to Thiru. P. Selvarajan, Head of Division, Rural Development and District Planning, State Planning Commission whose encouragement, and Selvi. S. Namagiri, Senior District Planning Officer, State Planning Commission, whose encouragement, and support from the preliminary to the concluding level enabled me to complete this task. I thank to Dr. G.N. Krupa, Planning Officer, State Planning Commission for providing critical inputs which helped me in enriching the report. I would like to place on record my sincere thanks to our district Collector Thiru L.Nirmal Raj , IAS and my sincerely thanks to Thiru.T.N.Venkatesh, IAS, Dr. M. Mathivanan, IAS., Thiru. S. Natrajan, IAS, former District Collectors, Thiruvarur for their constant encouragement and periodical reviews. My special thanks goes to Project Director of, Thiruvarur district, Dr. D. Madhavan, District Planning Officer, Thiruvarur, and I would like to place on record my sincere thanks to Dr. S. Suresh and Thiru. K. Rajagopal former District Planning Officers, Thiru. K. Murugesan, Technial Assistant, Thiru. K. Muruganantham, Assistant, District Planning Office, Thiruvarur and this work would not have been possible without their continued Support. I would like to place on record my sincere thanks to our Principal Mrs. Dr.C.Bernes Bennet for her valuable suggestions for the improvement of the report and also I extended my sincere thanks to Dr. G. Ramanathan and Dr. P. Sivaraman, former Principal (i/c) of our college. I am grateful to Dr. R. Rajendran, Associate Professor and Head of the Department of Economics Government Arts College, Kumbakonam, and Dr. R. Rajendran, Associate Professor of Economics, Periyar E.V.R College, Thiruchirappalli, for their interest in the preparation of this report. I thank them for their valuable suggestions and constant encouragement. The preparation of the DHDR was possible owing to the untiring efforts of the study team that gathered good deal of qualitative and quantitative information. I thankful to my fellow staff members of our department of economics Mrs. K. Kamalabai, Dr. P. Baburaj, Dr. K. Jayaraman, Dr. A. Sakthivel, Dr.V.Thandapani, Dr.P.Ragu, and Mr. R. Elangovan, Assistant Professors, and also thanks to Dr.M.Rajadurai and Mr. R.Balamurugan for spending their precious time with me travelling all the areas of the district to take part in several stakeholders meet and focus group discussion and providing critical inputs. I express my deep sense of gratitude to Dr. Mohan Gnana Olivu, Faculty of Arts and former head of the Department of Economics, for meticulously reviewing the technical aspects of the support. I also take pleasure in thanking Dr.N.Geethanjali, Associate Professor in English, Periyar E.V.R College, Thiruchirappalli, for looking out for syntax and semantic errors in the report. It is my pleasure to acknowledge the help rendered by the Block Development Officer (BDOs) the elected representatives of the district local bodies, SHG members, and Municipal Commissioners. Besides, the various department at the district level provided in valuable assistance. Specifically Superintendent Engineer, TNEB Joint Director, Health and Family Welfare, Joint Director, Agriculture, Deputy Director, Health Services, Chief Educational Officer, Chief Educational Officer (SSA), Project Officer, Mahalir Thittam, Executives Engineer. (Urban), TWAD; Executive Engineer, (RWS), TWAD, Deputy Director, Statistics, Special Deputy Collector, SSS, Thiruvarur, District Elementary Educational Officer; District Social Welfare Officer, Project Officer, ICDS, Labour Officer; Manager, Lead Bank; Manager, NABARD, Executive Officers of All Town Panchyats, all Block Medical Officers Thiruvarur district and others who have also coordinated with us in executing the work. M.Nagentran List of Figures Page Fig. No Title No 1.1 Taluk Map of Thiruvarur District 03 1.2 Crude Birth Rate (CBR) 09 1.3 Infant Mortality Ratio (IMR) 36 4.1 Trends in CBR and CDR 36 4.2 Trend in Infant Mortality Rate 40 4.3 Place of Delivery 42 4.4 Trend in Nutritional Status of Children 44 4.5 Access to Drinking Water 47 5.1 Literacy Rate – Male and Female 52 5.2 Arts and Science Colleges 69 5.3 Technical Education 70 6.1 Female Work Participation R ate 76 List of Tables Table No Title Page No 1.1 Thiruvarur District Basic Demographic Indicators 04 1.2 Sectoral Distribution of Net District Domestic Product 07 1.3 Per Capita Income 08 2.1 Top and Bottom Three Block s in Human Development Index 14 2.2 Top and Bottom Three Block s in Gender Inequality Index 17 2.3 Top and Bottom Three Block s in Child Development Index 19 2.4 Top and Bottom Three Block s in Multy Dimensional Poverty 21 Index 2.5 Consolidation of HDI, GII, CDI and MPI indices, 2013 22 3.1 Size of the Workforce and Workers Participation Rate 24 3.2 Work Participation Rate 25 3.3 Composition of Workers in Major Sector 26 3.4 Registration and Placement 26 3.5 Per C apita Income 27 3.6 Trends in Poverty Level 28 3.7 Family Card Holders 30 4.1 Demographic Profile of Thiruvarur District 33 4.2 Sex Ratio 37 4.3 Child Sex Ratio (0 -6 Age Group) 38 4.4 Life Expectancy at Birth 39 4.5 Maternal Mortality Rate 41 4.6 Still Birth Rate 43 4.7 Immunization 43 4.8 Provision of IFA Tablets 45 4.9 Percentage of Population Access to Toilet Facilities 48 4.10 HIV Positive Persons 48 4.11 TB Incidence and Leprosy 49 5.1 Enrolment Primary Education 53 5.2 Completion and Dropout Rate 54 5.3 Enrolment in Upper Primary Education 56 5.4 Comple tion and Dropout Rate in Upper P rimary Education 57 5.5 Transition Rate 58 5.6 Availability of Schools 59 5.7 Pupil Teacher Ratio in Primary and Upper Primary 60 5.8 Enrolment in Secondary Education 62 5.9 Dropout Rate in Secondary Education 63 5.10 School Infrastructure 64 5.11 Hostel Facilities 66 5.12 Students Enrolled in Noon Meal Programme 67 5.13 Scholarship Availed Students Status of Thiruvarur District 70 6.1 Comparative Status of Women In Literacy and Employment 73 6. 2 Access to Resource and Credit of SHGs in Thiruvarur District 75 6.3 Membership in State Assembly and Local Bodies 78 7.1 Demographic Profile of Aged 81 7.2 Financial Security of the Aged 83 7.3 Differently abled in Thiruvarur District 84 7.4 Crime A gainst Women 85 8.1 Distribution of Road Length 88 8.2 Electrification 89 8.3 Telecommunication 90 8.4 Financial Institutions 91 8.5 Insurance 2011 92 8.6 Railway Lines and Station 95 CHAPTER 1 THIRUVARUR DISTRICT - A PROFILE CHAPTER-1 THIRUVARUR DISTRICT –A PROFILE Introduction Topography The erstwhile composite Thanjavur district was trifurcated into three districts, namely, Thanjavur, Thiruvarur and Nagapattinam districts. The district is situated between 10.20 0 and 11.07 0 of the Northern latitude.