Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Central Asian Languages and Linguistics (ConCALL -3) Volume 3 Edited by 2-4 March 2018 Öner Özçelik and Bloomington, Indiana Amber Kennedy Kent ii (C) ConCALL-3 Proceedings copyrighted by Indiana University, CeLCAR (C) All papers copyrighted by the authors 2018 Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Central Asian Languages and Linguistics (ConCALL-3) Volume 3/edited by Dr. Öner Özçelik and Amber Kennedy Kent ISBN: 978-0-9961762-2-4 1. Central Asian Languages - Congresses For information on ConCALL-3 (held on 2-4 March 2018, Bloomington, Indiana), visit our website at http://www.iub.edu/~concall/ Published by Center for Languages of the Central Asian Region Eigenmann Hall 238 1900 E. Tenth Street Bloomington, IN 47406-7512 USA https://celcar.indiana.edu/ iii History of ConCALL The Conference on Central Asian Languages and Linguistics (ConCALL) was founded in 2014 at Indiana University by the Center for Languages of the Central Asian Region (CeLCAR) under the leadership of Dr. Öner Özçelik, the residing director, with grants and contributions from the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) and several units at Indiana University, including the Ostrom Grant Programs, College of Arts and Humanities Center (CAHI), Inner Asian and Uralic National Resource (IAUNRC), College of Arts and Sciences, Sinor Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies (SRIFIAS), Department of Central Eurasian Studies (CEUS), and Department of Linguistics. To date, ConCALL's main sponsors are the DOE, CeLCAR, IAUNRC, and IU's Center for the Study of the Middle East (CSME). As the nation’s sole U.S. Department of Education funded Language Resource Center focusing on the languages of the Central Asian Region, CeLCAR’s main mission is to strengthen and improve the nation’s capacity for teaching and learning Central Asian languages through teacher training, research, materials development projects, and dissemination. As part of this mission, CeLCAR has an ultimate goal to unify and fortify the Central Asian language community by facilitating networking between linguists and language educators working on Central Asian languages, encouraging research projects that will inform language instruction, and provide opportunities for professionals in the field to both showcase their work and receive feedback from their peers. Thus, ConCALL was established to be the first international academic conference to bring together linguists and language educators working on the languages of the Central Asian region, focusing primarily on Altaic (Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic) and Eastern Indo-European languages, as well as Eurasian Uralic and Tibetic languages, among others, with the aim of encouraging research into how these specific languages are (i) represented formally, (ii) acquired by second/foreign language learners, and (iii) best taught given research driven teaching methods. ConCALL represents all languages spoken in Central Asia and the surrounding areas, as well as languages that are genetically related to Central Asian languages. Languages represented in ConCALL-3 included, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Buryat, Daylami, Dari, Farsi, Gilaki, Kazakh, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Pashto, Persian, Scythian, Shughni, Tajiki, Tati, Tibetan, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, Uzbek, and Yugur. Conference Proceedings Conference presenters were selected via an anonymous peer-review process. All conference invited speakers and accepted presenters were invited to publish their papers as part of the conference proceedings. iv v CONTENTS OF VOLUME 3 History of ConCALL iii Contents v Editor’s Introduction vii Acknowledgements viii PART 1. PLENARY SPEAKERS 1 YAVAŞ, Mehmet, Florida International University 3 Cluster Repair in Language Contact: Turkish response to #sC clusters 2 SAMVELIAN, Pollet, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France 5 The Issue of (in)separability in Persian Complex Predicates 3 ROTHMAN, Jason, University of Reading, UK 7 The Experience-to-Outcomes Hypothesis: Charting the source of comparative difference in Minority/Heritage Language Bilingualism 4 GRIBANOVA, Vera, Stanford University 9 Case, agreement and differential subject marking across Uzbek nonfinite clause types 5 SPROUSE, Rex, Indiana University 11 Languages of Central Asia and Nonnative Language Acquisition: The Sky is the Limit PART 2. FORMAL LINGUISTICS AND RESEARCH 1 ABUDUSHALAMU, Xiayimaierdan, Michigan State University 15 Study of Phonological Processes and Phoneme Inventory in Uyghur Children: Autosegmental Account 2 BABRAKZAI, Farooq, Institute Foreign Language Center 33 Unified Account of the Subjunctive in Persian 3 GAO, Feier and AKSU, Mustafa, Indiana University 41 The Acquisition of Mandarin Tones by L1 Uyghur Speakers: A Preliminary Report 4 LEONGUE, Vitor, Indiana University 47 Typological Variation In The Synchronic Treatment Of Historical Palatalized Onsets In Tibetan 5 MAMAYEVA, Gulnar and SULTANBEKOVA, Sagima, L.N. Gumilyev Eurasian National 59 University Kazakh neologisms: diachronic aspects and productive patterns in present-day language 6 SUGAR, Alexander, University of Washington and ABDILIM, Chughluk, Yale University and Indy Translations and Language Center 65 The Double Life of Negation in Uyghur vi 7 TAHERKHANI, Neda, Purdue University 77 Agentivity in Tati Motion Events 8 VOZNESENSKAIA, Anastasiia, Lomonosov Moscow State University 95 Buryat Question Particles and Where to Find Them PART 3. PEDAGOGY AND TEACHING 1 ARMAN, Rahman and KENT, Amber Kennedy, Indiana University 107 SEXTON, Sophia, Northern Virginia Community College Designing an Afghan Heritage Language Program for Community Colleges 2 ZHONG, Yarjis Xueqing, The Australian National University 115 School-based language teaching and challenges for maintenance of the endangered languages, Western and Eastern Yugur, in China vii Editors' Introduction On March 2nd, 3rd, and 4th, 2018, the Center for Languages of the Central Asian Region (CeLCAR) hosted the Third Conference on Central Asian Languages and Linguistics (ConCALL-3) at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana as the third occurrence of this biannual academic conference. ConCALL was established in May 2014 to bring together linguists and language educators specializing in the languages of the Central Asian region, including Turkic, Iranian, Mongolic, Tungusic and Tibetan languages spoken in the region, among others. This year’s conference built on the success of our previous conferences and is consistent with our goals to create a stronger network of Central and Western Asian language experts and to provide a unique opportunity for researchers, pedagogists, linguists, and educators in the field to present their work to an audience of their peers in the same language field. Once again, we were pleased at the overall success of the conference. We had nearly 100 registered attendees that came from all over the globe, not only from the Central Eurasian region, including Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, but also attendees from Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Israel, the Netherlands, Russia, and the United Kingdom! Additionally, we had attendees from 24 different American universities, as well as faculty and students from Indiana University. Our illustrious guest speakers included Jason Rothman (Professor of Literacy and Multilingualism from the University of Reading in the UK), Pollet Samvelian (Professor of Linguistics from Université Sorbonne Nouvelle in Paris, France), Mehmet Yavaş (Professor of Linguistics from Florida International University), Vera Gribanova (Assistant Professor of Linguistics from Stanford University), and IU’s own Rex Sprouse, Professor of Second Language Studies. Once again, we were impressed and inspired by the high level of quality abstract submissions. Out of an astounding 131 presentation proposals received, 36 were accepted for oral presentation (an acceptance rate of 27%) and 17 were selected for poster presentations (an acceptance rate of 13%), with an overall acceptance rate of 40% total for both oral and poster presentations. The selected presentations and posters covered an assortment of research topics, including syntax, semantics, phonetics, phonology, language acquisition, and pedagogy, related to an assortment of language families, including Turkic, Iranian, Mongolic, Tibetan, and even the Caucasian languages Armenian and Georgian. As a result, we can say with confidence that this competitive acceptance rate resulted in the highest quality selection of presentations at ConCALL yet! We cannot express enough our gratitude to all of those who continue to support this unique conference, which we genuinely believe is making a difference to strengthen and unite our greater CentralAsian language learning community, as well as increase both the quantity and quality of teaching these less commonly taught languages across the world. And finally, we would like to once again thank the conference’s founding organization, Indiana University’s Center for Languages of the Central Asian Region (CeLCAR), as well as our other 2018 conference sponsors: IU’s Inner Asian & Uralic National Resource Center (IAUNRC) and Center for the Study of the Middle East (CSME). Additionally, special thanks to the IU’s Hamilton Lugar School of Global and International Studies, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Eurasian Studies Department, and Department of Linguistics for their continued support and contributions. We look forward to seeing everyone again in Spring 2020, and hopefully some new faces as