ċƲÂü . 31 ʥ 93  8 ʖ 131ʹו, ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗו,9lƔוȈ ȀćǞHȯά 1 2 ɨZ ʪR% [email protected] [email protected] ÊÊǜ ǜ ֽ̦ħɺŅ^űלġEƒЊʚ°OӹgוŇƥb 1997 ÂࣝƶȈו,۷וȁƔௗ ʯȯάø˴ȋAǜv9ӷϧȏȣ˸āɁʖȁࣗŇƥוȈ̳܂;ǫ˥ʓ̦ʯψ۵ŖוȈ :ӷϧāɁʖȁֽ̦ࣗħϤSসț:́मBƮו,Â͞ħ࢚ʖȁࣗħġ͝Щų)̫ו,y oóº ʑŸʯȯάá/ǫiͬδJ@ƄΝųőYˬȀħȀćǞɛVתOӷ˞²:-ӷ ²˞ו,c͇Ȇ̳ڙāɁʖȁࣗħ̦ųʗűƫħʐ-ƾͪǫĠ̰;চƛ!ƻÀųő(# ӷϧו,9וàखΨƐǃα;űʯȯάʃŕȈוȈʚǞħख̒וħNj̲ǫ̳OˬvȈ āɁʖȁࣗʗºƝǜǞ; ଝͰ(࢚:ו,ȁƔ:ו,۷וखࠛɡखࠛɡ,,ʖȁࣗ:ௗ Feasibility Study on Retrofitting Platform Screen Doors of Taipei MRT Stations Yi-Ru Chen Wing-Kwong Law Abstract Taipei MRT stations have suffered from accidental trespassing onto the tracks over the years, leading to a severe impact on operations and society. Both the positive and negative arguments on retrofitting platform screen doors (PSDs) to operational stations have been raised. This study analyzes the trend of establishing PSDs on the subway in several countries, and estimates the feasibility of a retrofit project of PSDs on Taipei MRT stations. The main benefits include: saving the energy exhaustion from stations, promoting the efficiency of smoke extraction, strengthening passenger safety, and enhancing the comfort of the station environment. The downside is the expenditure of construction. Finally, this study proposes alternatives other than just achieving security. Although it should be taken into consideration on the cost-effective benefits of the retrofitting of PSDs, to maintain the MRT operative safety and providing a humane environment for both passengers and MRT staff is much more important than pursuing the economic profits. Those above are also Taipei MRT managers’ responsibility. In conclusion, this study supports the plan of the retrofitting PSDs in the Taipei MRT stations currently in operation. Keywords,platform screen doors, heavy rail mass transit, MRT, MTR ַiͬƅʇIJE ʬiͬȯᾴlĥŎ˓ 1 ַiͬƅž9 ʬiͬȯᾴlĥŎ˓ 2 ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯάו,9lƔוॕǙƆ ʵȕ Ȉ 132 ":Ģȥ Ňƥħćӷו,ħɺŅ^űלġEƒЊʚ°Oӹ7/וŇƥbȈו,۷וȁƔௗ TȯǰŖ̠וȈţ੘ďOˬħćͬ˞B;ǰďɺŅ^űħʐǫ ǰȋaϘ ²˞ Ϥŕʗʖȁࣗħ͙ʥʬ̼Ǭו,۷ħוµȆȿͰঝՊ͎৷;ǭȀ9ו,ʓŎƟvȁƔ˥ͅ įġƄĆʥѠǐӷϧȏȣ˸āɁʖȁࣗŇƥו,9ħȁƔוƃ(֙^8ħġE;ͅ/Ȉט ǭ³৷ɺǢ7Ϥ;ʖȁࣗŇƥāĠiͬ৴c¿݅0ͅδ+Ϋ=ŕ\੧म ġ^ű̟º#Ɛ ̳ǀǙ̦ħӷϧŕŦʖNǯȀʣħʟá;Ƃiͬħȁáóġ ̠וŧĢȈƑ̳ʊϤ) :݅¿ȏ 9ȹǯƎ̷ħǁișࣥו!Ȉौ\স̀ʉԆɞ௔Ɂǁ:ϤSŇƥŅȁࣗŇƥ ;˴āɁʖȁࣗħȀćǞ׆ćøĆʥѠǐӷϧו,۷וȁƔௗ̳܂ͅ/ʯȯά̭Ů _:ʖȁࣗŇƥźvġ͝ ՊŇƥ9ɪʗולŕӹHࣥͅɁʦħ঵Ūࣗלvӹ ʖȁࣗŕ"ƅɲȆӷϧʖȁ؇ ʯ̳ʖ;וħ˞²Ɂ ;ŔαŕमƃOˬÉdz࢚ӹ̫׽¡tɞȳdzʖȁ̟ţ੘ŇƥȈ ;࢚ʖȁࣗħġ͝Щų):ו,Âø˴±Ņȁࣗʯħ΍ȳॕ֙ 2.1 ʖȁࣗʯŔα ʯȯά̭ʖȁࣗħʯŔαMø̦ਫ਼,ͨ ॳLJˬ-ӷ˞²,ʖȁ̭ࣗLJˬˑŪ Qि!ӷϧʖȁ±oGLJˬ:Ǧॳ̛̫º#ŀųǍˌ" ʉ˞²ħ-ӷίࣥ;ͩमƃʚ ࣥ ƛসǜʖȁࣗŕ̚௔७לcӷϧʖȁvॸচͬǀ A SѠŇלӹו,ȁƔ,לʑओӹ ȒħđǦऱ७!Ņ±ל;ʸ׆°;̷ͪ͟ӷϧ±ίʢΝŦ,ʖȁࣗȀ̭ॸ /मƃȀথ ,Ϙħ-ӷϤð תħϤSŇƥΝŦ;ͫoGʉ;ق/͟԰ӷϧș׽¡ӷϧ±ίʢƃ׊ ׽¡LJˬǰďપġ̀ƓħT७Ƒ\঵͓ӷ୊°GEħˑÙų˸ʖȁࣗȀऱ७Η੐:Ćä ˼Ǿ!̺ιșƸ:lTĩșġEӷϧו,ÀĿ;ͬ͟԰ϧŮʚiΝĢ,Ɛʖȁࣗħ /̟ʖȁࣗȀµȆħ˸̳ƾīȏ!ʖȁͦŕ˔ώSwʚו,ŧĢȁƔLJˬÿӹɺŅ ;ښuħøתͅʗिħœοβYʉ԰ώʚħΝĢ͟ ʦښʖȁࣗʯ 2.2 ʦȏSʖȁࣗPlatform Screen Doors, PSDǫʖȁǤǜ˞²ࣗښʖȁࣗŇƥʯ ºŔαø֙Ɔ),ͨʖȁࣗ,ŕLJˬ()঵͓ӷħPlatform Emergency Doors, PED̦ ঵͓ӷu঵͓ӷ׆ϧșNjƅ঵͓ӷ̳ࣗ˸"ƅjȄÁćŪħʖȁ͙ࣗ 1;לַ ȟŪӷϧà̈́±ħ[৵SĔɁ ॹŸӷԦ;ʂࣝƶ˫Ūͅ঵͓ӷbŪ ͭ7̳ζʖȁࣗ ħʦӷԵ[ƜŸʓIÕࣝ˫঵͓ӷࣗ:ʖȁࣗʑŸͅLJˬ˞²ħ()ӷ;ʖȁࣗħ͉ NjӷƅS 4۷ħ঵͓ӷͬǀ 6 ӷƅàוȎ঵͓ӷ̟ɁȪ;ȁƔௗښࣥё:ƒ۷Ɲ੡:̨ ƅӷࣗƅ̦ͅ/ӷϧʖȁ" ƾȗ¸সǜ 24 ̳ʖȁࣗ;ͩʖȁǤǜ˞²ࣗ,ʖȁǤǜ˞² 7S͎Ūƾīĝ ʦ!ࣗ؇ښȗʖȁ±Tࣝg̷ 90 áħԗͳࣗ לࣗŕ"Sӹ 2;ʖȁǤǜ˞²ࣗ˞Ŧ!ʖȁŅdzvʖȁࣗHࣥuǤǜ^űġEșসSœȗʖȁ͸ ;/ČLJˬƃ֨ETó̫Ƃʖȁ(ȗ±΢˫ ċƲÂü . 31 ʥ 93  8 ʖ 133ʹו, 1 ʖȁࣗࣝ˫ƾȗˣɺ 2 ʖȁǤǜ˞²ࣗࣝ˫ƾȗˣɺ 3 ǚʯˡRǬʖȁࣗ ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯάו,9lƔוॕǙƆ ʵȕ Ȉ 134 2.3 āɁʖȁࣗħʹċϗ̼ ʉ+αǀǦLJ)וȈɁȪ(ǜ̙۷ƸyŇƥħŰ˼Ǟ9ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗŇƥșוȈ ĆʥѠǐāɁʖȁࣗו,LɁȁƔħŇő;ʯȯάǨ̙º#˺āĠʖȁࣗħ̚ƻனˬ ̭ʓ৷`)Ąƒ෴ψπϗ̼,ͨà঵Ɂ ,ƆȨַપŇƥ:ÕȆŇƥȏNJ²ʡīħɁȪ ǫʖȁ)ƾħϢપŇƥĨসǜ۵ƸɁȪ;ͩӷԵ;ʂ,ӷԵ;ʂƝ੡۵ƸŪ/oƯƎ௔Ň ƛ੡Nj ו,±șࣥ,ǁiʥࣥו׽¡[ӷŖʑ̟ƐʅbŪ˫Ūʖȁࣗ;ͪȈƥζʐá șࣥ±׆ćו+α԰Ǿ̀ʉ;ͫǁișࣥ,˞Ŧiͬǻα!৴Ȉ șࣥוȈוϋƄȈ ˞̴hǁișࣥ=α˞B!àȯƒ̵ș±șࣥŕǝ( 6 ෴ďưʼn 12 ෴וȈו,ŧĢȁƔ ŦiͬħiʥŴ࣒;ͬLJˬ˞²,ǁiʥ±ǁi̠Ɲ੡ʐ LJˬ!0Jº#Ɂǁș+ʓ ǰďÀĿ; 2.4 ʖȁࣗŇƥɁȪǞĝ ʬ̼ǬʗʖȁࣗɁȪħͷSו, 2.4.1 ʑƃ׶Nj̦ʯוŋǞ:΄οvȈו̙۷ʚŮȓÁ:Ȉʬ̼Ǭ!ɁȪĠɁHĆו, ų!ǀNJ9ŔSĔŇƥ7/Ɛ୅୊ħ঵͓ ħġ͝ו,Ňƥ;bŪ̴ӹו,JbŪ̴ӹ -Պwͷ9/ŕAħȁÀ(;୅୊ʚħȁÀŅbŪSĔŇƥǯו¸ƔÖŪ̀µӷŇƥ Ÿŕʐ LJˬħ-ӷ˞²੡/ʖȁࣗ:ŞǦĒĉŇƥिĔLJˬħˑŪ ;Ϥŕʗʖȁ ̦ŔDZֽরŖʑ̣!Oˬÿӹ̫]ӹbƻ^8ħम̲(gוʬ̼ǬȈו,ࣗħ७থ 2a(NJbŪ̴ӹŇŇƥħ΂ઙו,º9"ǜŪȏǯɁǀħ$ȷ;ʖȁࣗħɁȪǞĝ ;ʬ̼ǬvǚʯˡRǬ 3Ĩ ŕʑ¼Sħ;ʸו,̟ȁƔӷϧňʗʖȁࣗŇƥו,ƥħ ŇƥƐʖȁࣗɁȪħͷSו,۷וௗ 2.4.2 ו,۷וʑŎħntǫϗ̼!ǀௗŇƥו,Ňƥvʬ̼ǬħbŪ̴ӹו,۷וȁƔௗ )ӷ՗TȏS9ŔbŪ୅୊ŇƥSĔו۷঵͓ӷוŇƥ৷̳ħϤð:LJˬƒʉŕƂঠ;ௗ ୅୊ʚ!৷̳δġʚɴ)ħ"חc̙۷ďÂĤ̃ħ঵*pTƐʅΔʦ୅୊ښ7Ɛ੡ ():/ΝΨNj̲LJˬOӷʗ୅୊ʚښ)۷ħ঵͓ӷוௗŕઠǫLJˬħ˞²αœ̀˸ /Njϋʑ$ħćӷʚʟ;ͅ/ʖȁࣗ˗ S9ƜYοȫ ș̭Ͱ½ʚɴvת7ӷħ˞Dž ħŔαȀ/Ņ୅୊ʚvϧŮʚǯ̟-H; ĆʥѠו,۷וŇƥȏȣǜɁȪʖȁࣗ7Ɛ"˩ħζĝ;ʯȯάø˴ȁƔௗו,۷וௗ ʖĆʥѠǐĠɁHĆו,ǐƐʖȁࣗɁȪħͷSȀƎŗ̦)Ą 5 ෴,ͨiͬʹċ,!ȁƔ ȁࣗŇƥħà঵:;Ňƥ̻!Ǘø9ʹċ+B̦ǚĠɁ̠+ઔNJ"ਫ਼+Ŋ̦ǚħ ̠:Ȏӷϧ±ŅƎ௔ɁȪħˢȀښ\Ňƥʹċ̟āŕƎ௔ĠɁ̦ʯħΝĢ;ͩӷϧɁȪ,ŕ ˞LJˬOӷ̳܂,׽¡NJƆʖȁࣗ»ʗऱ७ίࣥħӷϧɁȪ;ͪLJˬ˞²उħ"hǞ !Ģ̛ƆȨǤǜ׽দίࣥ:ʖȁ؇dz˞²̠á/ǫʖȁ؇dzƃˈƦ²ƾ৷ͅYħǣń ƃˈƦĝŕʖȁ؇dzεʗ 50 µø̠ħƃӷϧʖȁ؇dzƄ)ƾeʗ 60 µø̠ħӱ׽ίࣥ ˈƦ 4ŕ(୅୊ʚǀͰ½ŞSLJ0̷\ʖȁࣗħ͙ॳLJˬħ˞²Tα̐Žø ̔SˑÙų˸̭ӷϧ±ħÕίȆć୊șGEħđǦ±לॳ;ͫà঵ɁȪ,঵͓ӷ!ॸ ħ αʗų़ίʢŇƥħ ǸŅĠʦÕnjɁ±לƐ੡!ॸ9ħǦáלÕnjॸ/±לॸ° ċƲÂü . 31 ʥ 93  8 ʖ 135ʹו, !নŏºȆϤ³̛×ĭXƒ̵Ňƥו,۷וŇƥ,N߈Հ:߈ӹħௗלĆʦ̦ʯ;ͬӹ āɁʖȁࣗŸųƝ̳[ӷζʐáǜțʉௗ঵͓ӷ߈ՀǾ͔̟Tথ[ӷζ۵șח ňƒ 2a(ƐʖȁࣗɁȪħӷϧŅו,۷וȣĝƐʅȟŪbġࣝ˫;;ौ\ȁƔௗ 5: 6; ӷϧLJˬ˞²Ɂ ɁȪו,۷וௗ 4 ƐʖȁࣗॕɁו,ǛͧɓନƓ۴ 5 6 9(˱(࢚ƐʖȁࣗॕɁ ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯάו,9lƔוॕǙƆ ʵȕ Ȉ 136 ':āɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯά ;ӷϧɁʦʖȁࣗħ̚ॲͪו,9̫ƸĠוźȋȈøق".ʯø̦³ Aઋ ĆʥŇƥו,۷וø׆ćȁƔௗق_.;ŸɲѠǐɁʦʖȁࣗŇƥħЩųו,7ø˴ȁƔ ѠǐӷϧāɁʖȁࣗħȀćǞɛVʯȯάȏ/ƻÀųőħȁáø˴āĠʖȁࣗĢŸħƄ ;āɁʖȁ̦ࣗʯΝĢ̠וº9Νųő7bǀȈΝųő 3.1 ʖȁࣗɁʦͪ; 3.1.1 ଝͰ(࢚,āɁͪ;" ֆÂϤŕוଝͰ(࢚MTRb 1979 ÂˠiɈǛ̃ ՊѠǐוଝͰ(ƪħŎƟ ϤSɁ ̘y:ųαdzŕ(ӷϧOˬƒƟň:ϧ±˜ØƻǹGEħđǦ/ǫƐʖȁࣗ 1997ħ-ӷϤð;̟ ଝͰ(࢚ӷϧħÿӹɺŅં/תĨ̴hӷϧ±ƐʅNjϋħӷϧɁȪ ࣝƶ۵Ǧ(֙ħίଝͰ(࢚µȆǰďǹɺՎʴħġœ;˦ 47 ם1998 ÂʉௗÂġE 26 ˦ 9ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗħȀćǞȯά;ʑƃɁ̰ǀוb 1999 ÂȆ͎׆ćȈʢǫLJˬ˞²ˢઋ 2000  6 ʖࣝƶŕʥ 6 ÂħāĠʖȁࣗiͬǀ 30 ()ӷϧ±ŦɁ 2,096 ƅ²ʡīʖȁࣗ 9ŕŦʖȁࣗŇƥħוȈͅଝͰ(࢚ȝƯ̦ŕ²2a(࢚9ȶiͬδJŎŕͰ´ 25 j δJ;ق%οβŤق±ψ͡SĔ̦ʯ7S̠וচƛȈଚ;;Ϥŕʖȁࣗħ̦ʯ৴๬Ŏ c সǜOˬħοŘű(࢚OˬǀiͬŪiŸসÂŤ%Njͬ"ȁħઌŅδJ; 3.1.2 9Ēd(࢚";Ǭ,āɁͪ;_ Ēd(࢚_;ǬŕƹƔЅוb 1999  6 ʖÖ²ǬַࣝȈĒd(࢚";Ǭŕ˚ǛЅȗ ħĒd(࢚";Ǭו³ѠǬʑŎnt෴!ǀˠiȈוǀ 2003  6 ʖÖࣝƶַӷɦ ȗ ďVϤŕʖǬַࣝŸ;_!̠ו̟Ēd(࢚_;ǬĝʗʖȁࣗħɁȪ;Ȉɖʗʖȁࣗ ˞ʚƒħ ƆȨ঵œħŶǫӷϧ±ʯŶϠ̦̦וͅ_;ǬNjŏȈȁࣗħɁȪnt ̷͟;ͅ/Ēd(࢚";ǬɧଝͰ(࢚Ÿǀ 2004 Â˭zLJ̭āĠʖȁࣗŇƥ̦ŕ._ āĠʖȁࣗŇƥħvy; ";ƸŴǬ,Ɂʦͪו,ȁƔ 3.1.3 ǣńHĆ7ȎĆʥѠǐӷϧɁȪħ"hǞښ\ŕƸŴǬŕĆʥѠǐħĞZו,ȁƔ ʃŕʖȁ۵ƸɛVƸŴǬħbFi͎ͬו,ʭ̙۷ʖȁࣗŇƥħɁʦ;cȏ! 1997 Âș ࣗŇƥʹċġ͝qƻ̦ǚǹƟ̳ǀʖȁࣗħRǰáoௗ+cαoG˞²ħ-ӷίࣥT ƸŴǬT̒Ǟƶoו,űȁƔbƻɺŅħġE 7ʗųमøħœŤóقŸוαŶȈ ͪŪNʗʖȁࣗŇƥħӷϧɁȪ; 3.1.4 ė=ƆJubileeĞZǬ,Ɂʦͪ;_ qˠ̦ 13 ΛƸyѠʈEgו,b 1863 ÂଚΛŇƥħசו,)ė=Ɔŕ2a ¸ַ෴Ɉ ѠǐǛ̟̃ו,Ǝ =Ɔǫ"Λ԰ӹŇƥ/ו,ƆȨƫ_ΛוǐħǣńȈ ͅ/ Jubilee ĞZǬচƛȏƸǣńħѠѠǐqġ̦͝ǚו,ŕĨƐʖȁࣗŇƥ;Ϥŕ=Ɔ ċƲÂü . 31 ʥ 93  8 ʖ 137ʹו, -(!LJˬħ-ӷ˞²ְÂǰď۵ǦħɄɴnjǻȏ̭ƒ Ǚʗħӷϧ۵Ƹַ͔=͓Ǭ Ƹħ²ʡīʖȁࣗTॹȆ Jubilee ĞZǬʈE; ';Ɂʦͪ,ו,;Ƹŕ 3.1.5 ;۵ǜȁÀ;Ƹŕ Պ௔ұו!Ƹŕ;ħŎƟƫ૧ÂםƻனqוĠɁȈו,;Ƹŕ ,Ƹŕ;uÂwĠNjŏ²OħŕŎ 117 ǣS 40 ň ϧƅ̦µ۴ 86 םŇƥ࣒ו, ̟̦'_g ()ѠǬ=űʗģøH$ƫď´ƫŕௗ̈ѠǬ۷ŕ0ΞŮΝĢԡ԰̙ו ()ӷϧ"ŷNJ²ʡīʖȁࣗħɁȪ 7; ʗʖȁࣗॕɁו,;Ƹŕ 7 ŸɲѠǐ,Ɂʦͪ;Ϡו,ȁƔ 3.1.6 q̭ʖȁࣗŇƥŗ°ӷħŸɲѠǐƆȨ,±ΑǬ:ˑǬ:˧ͰǬ:͂ˈǬו,ȁƔ ϧɁȪ9; 3.1.7 ̵ƌ ȃħėו,ĔʗģÂ9Ēd(࢚";ǬॹH!ŸଝͰ(࢚āɁʖȁࣗͪ;!Ģ ֆÂ7ग़ɲ̭ʖȁࣗŇƥŗ°ӷϧɁȪħĔīǣ͡9;Ƃȋו,ǫȁƔו,;Ɔ̫Ƹŕ= ʖȁࣗǩϤŕ͌ʹħ׆ƆͅʖȁࣗɁʦʹċǚЩ̦ǚāĠvƸĠʖȁࣗħͪ;9Žȏ ;ְGGE̳ʖȁࣗŇƥħসțͅ/!ʭ7ħӷϧʖȁɁȪॳOˬ˞²ħŔų αġ 3.2 āɁʖȁࣗƄΝųőø˴ ʯȯάø˴ħƄųőƆȨϤSসțųő:मĬBƮųő:˞²ųő:-ӷϤðŪ˿ųő ΝųőAǜ7bǀāɁʖȁࣗħíδ̦ʯ; 3.2.1 ϤSসțųő ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯάו,9lƔוॕǙƆ ʵȕ Ȉ 138 ϤðSĔŇƥEnvironmental Control SystemÅ΅ϤSŇƥƆȨӷϧ±ħίʢŇƥ/ ̪ͩࣜŇƥħϤSŇƥøઙƾīʗ)Ą'΂,ͨࣝŭīŇƥו,ŧĢJǀǫƮSŇƥ खַࣜપħપࣗŁˆNJ̪ࣜīŇƥ!ו,۷וīŇƥ/ǫ͙ͪࣗīʖȁŇƥ;ȁƔௗ ͅӷ঵͓ӷć୊șGEħˑÙų˸9ל/मƃŅaǦίȆ׆°ॸvŅa७থל0Žॸ Čħŧħ-шȏNJࣝŭīŇƥלďÕnjॸם±לϧ±ϤSŇƥGEħÕίȆ°ॸ ۷ĆʥѠǐӷϧוŤó;ȁƔௗוŭRͅŅaÕίȆ׆°Ňƥ9/ŶȈJࣝŭַપ āɁ²ʡīʖȁࣗŇƥŸųƝ̀ʉӷϧħίʢɁ ;Ϥŕǰďʖȁࣗħऱ७ӷϧίʢÕ ;ψá±לসǜǸĠίʢŇƥ/Njϋॸ±לॸ9לίȆƐʅS঵͓ӷˑÙų˸°ॸ ͨӷϧίʢΝŦ۷़,Ϥŕ+সΝΨॸϤSŇƥ̀ʉŸֽ̭̦³΂঵œΝŦħ࣒́ ଝͰ(࢚āĠʖȁࣗŸӷϧίʢq͟ͅ/ӷϧίʢΝŦ़;ଝͰ(࢚µȆėˣÕnjל Á0ŎȀʗʖȁࣗħӷϧŸɲѠǐħȯά9Žȏו,Ȓșʥ 10%ħ̩঵۷-ƂȁƔ̷ ίʢΝŦ۷Ű̳oƯ,u঵͓ӷ[৵ʖל2000;ͩॸŶĢӷϧίʢΝŦħ"Ʋௗ̥ (੡SʖȁǜϢ़g³ζħŖǷ 37 á/)ψáࣝƶƯௗלӹˑÙų˸Ȓș[ƃȁș ;ίʢΝŦ۷Ű̳oƯלͅ/ॸď़ψų˾ם՗וƾBȆϢપŇƥ:ÒȓŇƥ ל՗ͤgSӷϧίʢvॸϤSসțSɁʦĢħӷϧίʢ̈ϤΝĢŦɁʖȁࣗŇƥŸ °ίʢ̩́۷āŕ;Ƃȶ̩αȁáùלcȏॸίʢ¸ȒΝĢ;চƛӷϧίʢ̩́۷̷͟ ʖȁࣗŇƥāɁĢŸ!ϤSসțųőoƯƾ৷7+તȆHu2004; 3.2.2 मĬBƮųő ̐Њȋa̳ǀ()ӷϧमĬBƮħ۵Ǧ;²ʡ࢚ȪĬͪħȳņ)؟ 2 ʖਿŎ 2003 º»௔ħųőŕ,ͨĞǷ­Ʈાƃּá,Ɛʖࣥʗ̚௔ħ७থųőלīʖȁ̳ࣗӷϧvॸ ӷϧࣥħַપځ³ŰֆӷϧځϠď˗לƮ৕ʓƂĴ˷Ͱ½ɲȆॸȁࣗɁȪħ()ӷϧ !DžǜɄʓGEƮų˸7ŕּ­Ʈħાƃ;ͅ/ʖȁࣗαńƓ̳­Ʈħऱ७ħɁȪ ӷϧϧ±NJ()ו,۷וͩŕńƮ৕SĔ,ŧĢȁƔௗāŕLJˬ̧έħ֨Eșࣥɴ) ƪ}BƮHMƻɁȪcuĬĴɺŅġEș঵͓ӷć୊GEħȆ˗̭͟ŀƪ}BƮɁȪħ Ŕų;ͅ/!ŕŦʖȁࣗŸȀऱ७঵͓ӷć୊șGEħȆ˗̟ńƓƮS; ʖȁࣗŇƥौ\αŅŪħऱ७ŅaȆ˗ţ੘Ʈ৕SĔŅ αAŪħSĔƮ৕˗Ūƾ 2001ħ­ƮƸهNJA׶ęǞࣝ˫ʖȁࣗ¹īB 8ȗ;LɁĬβ!ʖȁ9Ŕ Ȓșďʑ$ƮSų˾;׶ęǞࣝ˫ʖȁࣗ¹īȏώ=̭৵ֆĬβħʖȁࣗࣝ˫םȀSĔ αGE঍9Bøࣝ˫ħʖȁࣗقח֯˗પŇƥGEBƮȆַלͅॸપŇƥַלŪॸ˫ Ʈų˾/ʗųSĔƮ৕˗Ūƾȗ;!­Ʈʭા°ӷϧŎĝĢLJƂࣝ˫ħʖȁࣗˠ²ŅȲ vӷϧϧ௔ࣥʗ̚ϘħमĬל̳ǀॸͅ/ɁʦʖȁࣗŸǵBóלॸ ÂƂ³±לॸ° BƮųő; ċƲÂü . 31 ʥ 93  8 ʖ 139ʹו, ׶ęǞࣝ˫ʖȁࣗBƮ¹ī 8 3.2.3 ˞²ųő ȶ¸ġE 8 Њʖȁÿӹbƻ^8ė 1տ 2004  9 ʖוŇƥbȈו,۷וȁƔௗ µȆŕ\੧म+Å^8Âáġו,Uįġ+̷Ν৷ħ˥ʓՎʴġœ;ȁƔNjġE"ŕ^ű ۷ŇƥāɁʖוȒșɛVௗͭɦमओŏŅǬ ͭΕŇƥŧĢq!ȁƔӷϧ(ćʖȁE ǹƟ+ʢÉdzʖȁćS9Ɯʚėˣו,͞ħȁࣗŇƥħȀćǞ;ौ\]ӹbƻ^8Ņ ^8ં/BgʗǦॳIJ˳ʱǞħÉdzʖȁTŕϧŮʚ7+̷ħĿͅ/Ɛʖ ȁࣗħӷϧɁȪ!LJˬ˞²( \̘ȆFŎħDžà; āɁʖȁࣗŸȀ/oௗLJˬħ˞²ųőʯȯάČJµī 1 ɛVNjƐ̛ħEɜb :º9!bFħ̦(ƆȨ,iοƅµīǜˑŕVp^űhƐŸ̷Ĺֽħ۹ߦbFFŖ ̝Č:ͩŧ:Čd@@; bƻͪ8ġEșࣥv(෴ו,۷וė 1 ௗ ŕƒ ġEșࣥ ġE(෴ 1 1998/07/01 ̿ȓǬ঵͓ӷŮȁƔӷϧƾȗ9ͰϧĢ įŘӹ Ƃ9Ͱϧ׆°gȁƔӷϧƔ 1998/08/24 2 ȓǬ̿ו, 1999/05/14 3 ϧʖȁו,˺IJ 2000/12/11 4 ϧו,˺IJ 2001/07/28 5 6 2002/11/03 ƭ˃Ɖwϧʖȁ 7 2003/10/13 ƹųȁgȕ˞y½ϧ 8 2003/12/03 ̿ȓǬƭˑϧ µī ,bƻƐ̛İ૧ħEɜbF = × ×[]×() z 1 Vh D H (PV +M )/ N 1/ D ӷϧāɁʖȁࣗȀćǞHȯάו,9lƔוॕǙƆ ʵȕ Ȉ 140 ī9Vh,bƻƐ̛İ૧ħEɜbFǣ D,>@("ÂÁ0iŏƒŏ H,İ૧ȶiƒ PV+M,>@("ÂͅGFǣ N,>@("ÂÁ0űiƒ z>@"ÂÁ0iŏƒD"/ 300 iŏȪpD=300; u֥JתʯȯάL˩ 60 Ƌŕzİ૧ȶiƒHĝǦ^űƐ̛Â๔Ȫp Â๔ħćŮॊđEʨµɀ2002 Âȁĥ(ƪbƻ̛Á0Â๔ŕ 45.09 Ƌ H=14.91; z(PV+M)/N/ǹÁ0EGǔઌ-HħAȪ͸µɀ 2003 ÂǹÁ0EGǔઌ ŕ 13,167 ʾxp̦Ƹȁ´Fŕ 46.0845 ǣűPV+M/N=46.1; zɦpƌ˾,bƻƐ̛İ૧ħEɜbF Vh=687.35 ǣ; ¸ġE 8 ЊƐ^űLJ̭ 7 Âgוb 1997  12 ʖ 25 ǚַӷȈו,۷וȁƔௗ Á0"ÂġE 1.143 Њ/ÂŖħÁ0EɜbF 687.35×1.143=785.64 ǣ/Âͅ/āɁ ʖȁࣗŸ̐Žħ˞²ųőFŕ 785.64 ǣ/Â; 3.2.4 -ӷϤðŪ˿ħųő ̳ǀʚŮʌϘħoƯʖȁࣗħāĠȀ/Ū˿LJˬ-ӷϤðƆȨͨ͟Η੐,ʖȁࣗ ȀoGLJˬ" ԡÉ৳ħ-ӷϤðϤŕʖȁࣗħɁʦࣥR͟԰ӷϧίʢħΝŦT̷͟ α̷͟પșGEħˑÙų˸ח՗Η੐;़ͩપġ,ʖȁࣗȀ/ऱ७঵͓ӷַוӷϧίʢ ϧ±͜WȀĆä׆°±לϋϧ±͜W,ʖȁࣗαʗųमƃॸ ġ̳LJˬGEħġ֖ʆ;ͪ ל͜WδJ(ħŤó;ͫNjϋӷϧίʢ,׽¡ӷϧÕȆƃρgॸ!̠ו̷͟ȈNjϋʉE ±Njϋϧ±˫ħψáଝͰ(࢚µȆTėˣଝͰ(࢚āɁʖȁࣗŸӷϧ±ŖǷψá ŎԡȒșʥ़ 2 á/(ͅ/ʖȁࣗħāɁ̳ψáħNjϋʉΣ˩; ʯȯάıNJଝͰ(࢚āɁʖȁࣗħŧδ¹īϠ̛ŕ-ӷϤðŪ˿ħ̚Ϙųő֙) ̳Ƹ̰@ΛŨ 8.1 Λוŕ-ӷϤðŪ˿ųőF;Ϥŕ(࢚µȆ!ʢƎӷδĢʏIħ?Ȉ !7̟"ͬ"ȁŕǹƟઔɺŤ%ħʖȁࣗāĠiͬδJ0J̛׆ćĒʊħOˬɺǢʢ̭ !ʐʃƂ 2000  7 ʖЊƄīµɀחƻַ^ŮƿʚʓŸ ַˆɤƿʚʓɧϤʅʓ ȏʓ ʖȁࣗāɁiͬࣝƶŪișȒƆȗLJˬāŧ"ͬ"ȁͰ´·ȎƸȁ´ 0.44 /̮Ũ̮ JħƾīĄ°ʖȁࣗiͬδJ9ŧĢɚƐ[ƃŧδʥि; ħā;ق%Ňƥ0J̛ȒºઔɺŤו,ʯȯάLɁȁƔϤŕଝͰ(ͷϤðv̧Űֆ Ѡו,̸g 2002  9 ʖÖƥȪ̠ו͞ħȈ/Ƹȁ´ 0.44 ȪpĠʖȁࣗiͬδJ ´ͅ/-ӷϤðŪ˿ųőŕ 0.44 ×93 ǣŕ/ǚ×365 ǚ=Ƹȁ۷ŕ 93 ǣŕוǐÁ0 ċƲÂü .