The Beginnings Genesis 1-11 The Beginnings e Creation and Fall Adam Seth Cain murders Abel; departs; Access to Seth born Garden of Eden Enosh guarded after the Fall Kenan Mahalalel Jared Lamech, descendant of Cain, Enoch gives birth to Jabal, Jubal, Methuselah and Tubal Lamech Adam dies at 930 “Enoch walked with God; and he was not, for God took him.” Noah Apostasy of “the sons of God” Shem Ham Japheth Before Flood A prosperous God warns Noah; sons born civilization; iron, etc. e Flood After Flood Eden gone; Ice Age and Stone Age Noah dies at 950 The Nations Descendants of Noah’s sons repopulate the earth Genesis 1-11 Babel and Dispersion Prehistory History 3200 Rise of Sumeria ( -) Dynasty 0 3150 High chronology (Murnane, Clayton, Shaw) 3150 / 3100 “Menes” 3100 Low chronology (Baines, Malek) I 3050 or Narmer unites 3040 3000 Egypt Middle chronology Short chronology (conventional) II Early Dynastic Period 2750 III 2686 2649 2500 Egyptian Old Kingdom VI 2334 2270 2250 2225 VII-VIII 2181 2193 Akkadian Empire Nahor born to Terah Guti invasions end 2150 of Sargon 2165 Abram born to Terah in Ur Akkadian supremacy 2083 Abraham 2000000-bst-bib-gen-rev-1p010yr-tml-bcrx 3/1/2014 BcResources.net © ncBc 2225 Nahor, Abram’s brother, 2218 Sargon Guti invasions () 2215 born to Terah The Patriarchs Genesis 11-50 2200 ( -) Egyptian Old Kingdom 2193 High chronology (Murnane, Clayton, Shaw) Low chronology (Baines, Malek) VII-VIII 2181 Dynasty of Sargon Middle chronology and Akkadian Supremacy Short chronology (conventional) 2165 Gen. 10-11 Abram born to Terah in Ur Abraham (Nahor born c. 2225) 2150 2150 Egyptian First Intermediate Period The Patriarchs Egyptian XI 2134 Terah leaves Ur for Canaan 2115 Story Guti invasions () 2112 of Job Ur-Nammu revives Ur-Nammu 2100 Sumeria () 2095 Ur III 2090 Abram enters Canaan 2083 2080 2080 Mentuhotep ‘the ancestor’ Ishmael born 2074 2065 Cities of Plain destroyed; 2060 2055 Isaac Isaac born Genesis 12-25 2050 2047 Egyptian Middle Kingdom Ur-Nammu 2030 2030 Sarah dies Mentuhotep 2025 Isaac marries Rebekah Elamites destroy Ur; Indo-European 2010 2007 invasions in Greece, etc. 2004 2004 2005 Esau & Jacob born 2000 Jacob XII 1991 1990 Abraham dies 1985 Amenemhet I Jacob’s sons... 1962 Mentuhotep ... by Leah 1956 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun ... by Zilpah Gad, Asher 1950 Amen. I ... by Bilhah Dan, Naphtali 1940 ... by Rachel 1937 XII Joseph, Benjamin (after return to Canaan) Senusret I Senusret Genesis 25-36 1930 1926 Jacob leaves for Haran 1915 1911 Joseph born 1908 1910 Jacob returns to Canaan Amenemhet II Joseph 1900 1898 Joseph sold into slavery Rise of Minoans; 1895 1894 Hittites invade Asia 1885 Senusret I Senusret Minor Sen. II Isaac dies; Joseph exalted 1878 1877 Joseph and Israel in Egypt 1875 1872 Jacob moves to Egypt; 1870 start of Israel’s 430-yr. sojourn Joseph’s sons by Asenath Manasseh & Ephraim 1850 . (. -) Amen. II High chronology (Murnane/Clayton; cf. Baines/Malek) 1841 III * Senusret 1840 Low chronology (Shaw) 1836 Genesis 37-50 Low chronology (Kitchen) 1831 1830 * The recorded rising of the Sun in conjunction with the Dog Star in the 7th year of Senusret 1817 III is a primary pillar upon which ancient sojourn 430-year Egyptian chronologies have been built. Amenemhet III 1805 Joseph dies in Egypt 2000000-bst-bib-gen-rev-1p010yr-tml-bcrx1800 1797 3/1/2014 BcResources.net © ncBc 1792 Exodus 1-18 Israel’s 430-year sojourn in Egypt 430-year Israel’s Genesis 37-50 1831 1830 Sojourn and Exodus1817 Exodus – Deuteronomy Joseph Amenemhet III 1805 Joseph dies in Egypt 1800 1797 1792 Amenemhet III 1786 XIII 1782 17731772 Hammurabi Israel multiplies in Egypt 1759 1750 1750 Exodus 1-18 Hammurabi codifies laws Old Babylonian Empire and extends the empire 1728 1730 A “new king rises” and afflicts Israel, forcing them 1720 sojourn in Egypt 430-year Israel’s Hyksos invade Upper to build Pithom and Raamses Egypt, sacking Memphis Hammurabi 1700 1686 ... - High chronology (Murnane/Clayton; cf. Baines/Malek) Low chronology (Shaw) Low chronology (Kitchen) ... Dynasty XV (Hyksos) High chronology (Murnane, Clayton) Dynasty XVII (Theban) Low chronology (Shaw; cf. Kitchen) 1650 * The sack of Babylon by the Hittite king Mursilis I is one crucial reference point for xing early ancient Near Eastern dates. Ancient κ records mention both a solar and a lunar eclipse in the month of Hyksos Sivan that year. Possible dates for the sack of Babylon are: 1651: Long/High chronology Old Hittite Kingdom in 1595: Middle chronology Asia, Syria— 1531: Short/Low (conventional) chronology 1650-1500; 1586-1436 1499: Ultra-short/low chronology 1600 1595 1595 Sack of Babylon * by Mursillis I; Kassite dynasty until 1155 () Israel continues to multiply XVIII 1570 Egyptian New Kingdom Persecution intensifies 1550 Ahmose I 1550 XVIII 1546 Amenhotep I 1531 1531 Ahmose I Sack of Babylon * () 1525 1526 Tuthmosis I 1524 Moses born, set adrift in 1518 Nile; rescued, adopted, raised Amenhotep I Moses Tuthmosis II in Pharaoh’s court 1504 1500 Tuthmosis I Hatshepsut 1492 Tuthmosis II 1486 Moses kills an Egyptian 1479 and flees to Midian Hatshepsut Exodus 1-18 Joshua Tuthmosis III * Tuthmosis Israel’s 430-year sojourn in Egypt 430-year Israel’s Moses called at burning bush 1450 1450 Exodus 1446 * Exodus from Egypt; crossing Red Sea; Exo 19-40; III * Tuthmosis receiving the Law at Mt. Sinai * Tuthmosis III’s date of accession (with 1-10 Lev, Num 40 years Hatshepsut as regent) is used to identify an II Amenhotep 1425 Moses edits, writes Torah Egyptian chronology as “High” (1504), 1419 “Middle” (1490), or “Low” (1479). * 1446 date for the exodus is derived, in part, from Thiele’sWilderness chronology of Israel’s monarchy and 1 Kings 6.1. Num 10–DeuNum 2000000-bst-bib-gen-rev-1p010yr-tml-bcrxAmen. II 3/1/2014 B1406cResources.net © ncBc 1401 Law rehearsed, Moses dies 1400 Joshua leads Israel across the Jordan River; begins three campaigns to conquer, then divide the Land Exodus, Conquest, and Settlement Exodus – Joshua/Judges Dynasty XV (Hyksos) Dynasty XVII (Theban) * The sack of Babylon by the Hittite king Mursilis I is one crucial reference point for xing early ancient Near Eastern dates. Ancient records mention both a 1650 solar and a lunar eclipse in the month of Sivan that year. Possible dates for the sack of Babylon are: κ 1651: Long/High chronology Hyksos 1595: Middle chronology 1531: Short/Low chronology Old Hittite Kingdom in 1499: Ultra-short/low chronology Asia, Syria— 1650-1500; 1586-1436 1600 1595 1595 Sack of Babylon * by Mursillis I; Kassite dynasty until 1155 () Israel continues to multiply XVIII 1570 Egyptian New Kingdom Persecution intensifies 1550 Ahmose I 1550 XVIII 1546 Amenhotep I 1531 1531 Ahmose I Sack of Babylon * () 1525 1526 Tuthmosis I 1524 Moses born, set adrift in 1518 Nile; rescued, adopted, raised Amenhotep I Moses Tuthmosis II in Pharaoh’s court 1504 1500 Tuthmosis I Hatshepsut 1492 Tuthmosis II 1486 Moses kills an Egyptian 1479 and flees to Midian * Tuthmosis III’s date of accession (with Hatshepsut as regent) is used to identify an Exodus 1-18 Joshua Egyptian chronology as “High” (1504), “Middle” Hatshepsut (1490), or “Low” (1479). For the Egyptian 18th Tuthmosis III * Tuthmosis dynasty, the high chronology shown () is Israel’s 430-year sojourn in Egypt 430-year Israel’s Moses called at burning bush that of Murnane and Clayton; the low 1450 1450 1446 * chronology () is that of Shaw (cf. Kitchen). Exodus Exodus from Egypt; crossing Red Sea; Exo 19-40; Tuthmosis III * Tuthmosis receiving the Law at Mt. Sinai Lev, Num 1-10 Lev, Num Amenhotep II Amenhotep 1425 Moses edits, writes Torah 1419 Wilderness Num 10–DeuNum Amen. II 1406 1401 Law rehearsed, Moses dies 1400 Tuthmosis IV Conquest and Joshua leads Israel across the Jordan 1391 River; begins three campaigns to 1386 Settlement conquer, then divide the Land Joshua Mesopot. Cushan-rishathaim, 1380 Othniel King of Mesopotamia, Judah oppresses Israel 8 years Amenhotep III Amenhotep Danite move and civil war 1353 Judges Deliver Israel 1350 e Amarna Period 1349 1344 of Egypt; Akhenaten Akhenaten Suppiluliuma I creates cult of sun god 1334 1336 Tutankhamun New Hittite Kingdom I Suppil. 1325 (Judges 17-21) Moabites becomes great empire 1322 Eglon oppresses Israel 18 years New Hittite Kingdom Ehud Ehud assassinates Eglon Benjamin 1306 1300 1295 XIX 1293/2 * 1446 as a date for the exodus is derived, in part, from Thiele’s chronology of Israel’s Ramesses I Muwatalli II Seti I * monarchy and the statement of 1 Kings 6.1 that Solomon began to began to build the temple in the 480th year after the exodus and the fourth year of his reign (= 966). 1279 1282 1274 Others date the period of Israel’s oppression, exodus, and conquest later (e.g., to the Battle of Kadesh 1272 time of Seti I, Ramesses II, and Merneptah). 2000000-bst-bib-gen-rev-1p010yr-tml-bcrxShamgar 3/1/2014 BcResources.net © ncBc Sea Peoples Naphtali Shamgar kills 600 Philistines Jabin, King of Canaanites at Hazor, with Sisera, his general, oppresses Israel 20 years Ramesses II the Great * Ramesses II the Great Exo 19-40; Lev, Num 1-10 Lev, Num Amenhotep II Amenhotep 1425 Moses edits, writes Torah 1419 Conquest, Settlement, and Judges Wilderness Joshua – 1 Samuel Num 10–DeuNum Amen. II 1406 1401 Law rehearsed, Moses dies 1400 Tuthmosis IV Conquest and Joshua leads Israel across the Jordan 1391 River; begins three campaigns to 1386 Settlement conquer, then divide the Land Joshua Mesopot. Cushan-rishathaim, Joshua 1380 Othniel King of Mesopotamia, Judah oppresses Israel 8 years Amenhotep III Amenhotep Danite move and civil war 1353 Judges Deliver Israel 1350 e Amarna Period 1349 1344 of Egypt; Akhenaten Akhenaten Suppiluliuma I creates cult of sun god 1334 1336 Tutankhamun New Hittite Kingdom I Suppil.