Täter werden – Täter sein. Erfahrungen mit Tätergeschichten Sara Berger Belzec: 500.000 vicms (March - December 1942) Districts Lublin District Galicia District Krakow District Radom Sobibor: 200.000 vicms (May 1942 – October 1943) Districts Lublin District Galicia Germany Austria Slovakia Theresienstadt Netherlands France Belarus Lithuania Treblinka: 900.000 vicms (July 1942 – August 1943) districts Radom district Warsaw district Lublin Theresienstadt Germany Adm. district Bialystok Greece Yugoslavia 100000 150000 200000 250000 50000 Monthly 0 März 42 Apr. 42 Mai 42 victims Juni 42 Juli 42 Aug. 42 Belzec,Sobibor of Sep. 42 Okt. 42 Nov. 42 Dez. 42 Jan. 43 Feb. 43 März 43 Apr. 43 and Mai 43 Juni 43 Treblinka Juli 43 Aug. 43 Treblinka Sobibor Belzec Sep. 43 Okt. 43 Treblinka, by Samuel Willenberg „Auffanglager“, campo di raccolta (Samuel Willenberg) „Lazarett“ (Samuel Willenberg) „Auffanglager“, campo di raccolta (Samuel Willenberg) Treblinka – Album Kurt Franz Treblinka – Album Kurt Franz „Trawniki“ at Belzec Grafeneck Hadamar Brandenburg Bernburg Sonnenstein Hartheim SS-Sonderkommando at Belzec Chrisan Wirth (1885-1944); 1941-1942 Commander of Belzec, then general inspector of the Ak:on Reinhardt camps Goried Hering (1887-1945), commander of Belzec Franz Stangl (1908-1971), commander of Sobibor and Treblinka Kurt Franz (1914-1998), at Belzec, than vicecommander of Treblinka Irmfried Eberl (1910-1947) commander of Treblinka Decades of Birth 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Birthplaces Membership in National Socialist Organizations SS Of these: SA NSDAP No unknown (and SA, SS as main (and (and others) membership NSDAP) profession NSDAP) in NS- and drafted Organization by the SS s per war duties Gesamtes 43 Mind. 20 25-26 21 1 30 Netzwerk Belzec 17 Mind. 13 7 3 0 10 Sobibor 20 Mind. 8 14 6 1 14 Treblinka 16 Mind. 9 12 14 0 14 Professions before war Police- SS men Craftsmen, F a r m e r Nurses Car-Administ Guards men i n , worker and Driver ration concentra butcher tion camps Belzec 5 9 9 0 7 2-3 2 Sobibor 4 6 21 1 10 6 3 Treblinka 3 5 19 5 14 + 2 2 2 medico Totale 10 10 39 10 27 + 1 9-10 7-8 2 = 8,2% = 8,2% = 32,2% = 8,2% = 23% = 8,2-9% = = 1,7% 5,8-6,6% Experiment on obedience by Stanley Milgram E: Experimenter T: „Teacher“ L: „Learner“ Defendant Sentence Trial (District Court ) Erich Hermann Bauer Death sentence, changed to life Berlin, 8.5.1950 (Sobibor) imprisonment Hubert Gomerski Life imprisonment (* changed to 15 years Frankfurt (Main), 25.8.1950 (Sobibor) in later trial, not confirmed, then unable to proceed) Johann Klier Acquittal Josef Hirtreiter Life imprisonment Frankfurt (Main), 3.3.1951 (Treblinka) Josef Kaspar Oberhauser 4 year 6 months München I, 21.1.1965 (Belzec) Kurt Hubert Franz Life imprisonment Düsseldorf, 3.9.1965 (Treblinka) Heinrich Arthur Matthes Life imprisonment Willi Mentz Life imprisonment August Wilhelm Miete Life imprisonment Gustav Münzberger 12 years Otto Stadie 7 years Franz Suchomel 6 years Erwin Hermann Lambert* 4 years Franz Otto Rum 3 years Richard Otto Horn Acquittal Karl August Wilhelm Frenzel Life imprisonment Hagen, 20.12.1966 (Sobibor) Kurt Bolender Suicide during trial Franz Wolf 8 years Fritz Erich Fuchs 4 years Jakob Alfred Ittner 4 years Karl Werner Dubois 3 years Erwin Hermann Lambert* 3 years Robert Emil Franz Jührs Acquittal Erich Gustav Willi Lachmann Acquittal Hans-Heinz Friedrich Schütt Acquittal Heinrich Unverhau Acquittal Ernst Zierke Acquittal Franz Stangl Life imprisonment Düsseldorf, 22.12.1970 (Sobibor – Treblinka) Trial on Sobibor at Hagen, 1965-1966 Trial on Treblinka at Düsseldorf, 1964-1965 .