THE ’ ALKALI- MAKERS POCKET- BO K O . TABLES AND ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR MANUFACTURE RS OF S PH SO POTASII UL URIC ACID , NITRIC ACID, DA, , AND O AMM NIA . /E L N G E O R G U G PH . D . \ E , , P rofessor of Techmcal Chemistry , Zu rich AND N H T F E R D I N A D U R E R , PH . D . LONDON E LL A ND N YOR K STR EET C V ENT G RDEN. GEOR GE B SO S. , O A 1 8 8 4 . ’ E O S P G W K S H S . MM TT RINTIN OR , MANC E TER P R E F A C E . MOST practical che mists and man u fact u rers have long fe lt t he want of u ni ormit in anal tical me thod l f y y s, tab e s of specific m l ra ities e tc . e o ed u e rs and s ll r r h v g v , , p y by b y e e s fo t e aluation of le he micals and manu act u re rs for con trollin and su erin nd , by f g p te ing t he ir ario u s rocesse s WVant f u ni ormit in hi v p . O f y t s respec t is nstantl leadin to disa re e me n ts and r v n c o y g g , p e e ts e xact com riso n o f r sults pa e . d rminate the co n u sion Mr t o m In or er t o t e . S r of na f , , a ge r of rie sh imAl ali W or s su est ed to the rm t he G e k k , gg Ge an Socie ty o fAlkali Makers that the y Shou ld have a standard manu al p u b d hi u estion was ado te d a m t l she . T s s o mit e i gg p , c e of seven o f o wn ers and mana ers of hi h re u tation was a oin t d a g g p pp e , nd the first ofthe u ndersigned was indu ce d to collect and sift the mat erial m nu l for su ch a a a . The first condition imposed u pon him was to state only one me thod for each analytical o pe ration for the preparat io n of . s tandard solu tions and for sam lin t he mat erials n l n p g . O y o e method was t o be chose n in orde r that no discre an ci mi h , p es g t a rise which would certainl ha e n if t wo or mor , y pp e me thods had e en int rodu ced b . s lec in the one standard me thod t h first and im In e t g , e most por t an t consideration was that the me thod shou ld pe rmit a ce rtain r o f ac u rac NO v indispe nsable deg ee c y. pains we re spare d to arri e or result in this res e ct W her h r at a satisfact y p . e t e e was a choice w e se eral e u all accurate me thods the on u bet e n v q y , e occ pyingleast uirin least a arat u s or n time and req g pp , o e already widely kno wn r rr d and e mployed was p efe e . au h r re are d a dra t which The t o p p f , , together with variou s tions rom othe rs we re ull discu ss d l s ugges f , f y e at t he se ve ra IV. me etin s Ofthe commit t Th s v g e e . e e me e tings we re held at in ter als of Six and t wel e months res e ct i e l in orde r t o i v p v y, gve the au thor and his assistants time to c arry ou t e xpe rime n tal rese arches to clear u an dou t u l p y b f poin ts. Most Of the se expe rimen ts have be e n described in a report pu blishe d part ially in the J ou rnal of the Societ Chemical I n du str 1 2 o 88 . 12 55 and 1 u y f y , , pp , , 9 . P blic criticism was then in it ed an d s l im v , e vera portant con tribu tions were thu s o tained Ultimat l a t r . e e h b y, f t e complet e manu script had e en circulated amon the me m ers of t he c mmi b g b o t t ee , it was r d o on ll oin ts ag e e t a p . The methods described in this little work are t hu s ackn o wle dge d by the u nited voice Of the Ge rman Alkali an d Ammo n ia manu f rs as the most su ita le and are n ot th act u re b , e arbit rary choice Of M n of th r h the au thor. a e oc esses t e d y p , e scription of which re u entl onl occu ies a fe w lines are th r f q y y p , e esu lt of many a mo nth of ardu ous la our and of su se u e nt n b , b q a xiou s discussion ll n c rn d by a co e e . The wan t of standard tables of specific gravities Of variou s solu tion s was elt uit e as mu ch as the want Ofst andard an i l , f q alyt ca m For some su bstan ces su ch ta les h ethods. b ad ne ver be e n con stru cte d an d for er fe w su st ance s inde ed were the data ro id d , v y b p v e t o redu ce t he specific gravity Of the solu tion t o a n ormal te m r tu re The au thor an d his collea u es have stri e n t o re med p e a . g v y ar u l e xamin tio f h i in a les and b t his defect by a c ef a n o t e e x st gt b , y n w on s wh r re u ir d su pplying e e e e q e . n tion a n u m er of eneral ta les u se ul to al ali manu I addi b g b , f k v d Ev r h s n n o u r rs ha e een ro i e d. e care a ee ta e t fact e , v b p y b k h u rac f these t a le s man o f the m arti ularl e nsu re t e acc y o b , y , p c y t h se re errin t o ato mic we i hts ercen ta e co m osit ion an d o f g g , p g , p , rs h in e n n ir l r l d analytical facto , av gb e e t e y e calcu ate . Th erman dition the sm ll com ass Of which bu t little e G e , a p r s h la ou r e x ende d u on t w issu d with t he bet ay t e b p p i , as e e xpectation t hat it wou ld be accept e d as a stan dard work by all erman Al ali manu actu rers their cu sto mers and com G k f , by , by me rci l n l ts This x e ctation has alread een realized in a a a a ys . e p y b r m ur It has alr come cu stomar t o ma e these g e at e as e . eady be y k analyt ical methods and specific gravity tables bindingin all transac V . t ions etwee n u ers n d ll rs u n til the ro r ss of science b b y a se e , p g e n e cessitate s the su bstit u tion of more accu rate me thods an d tables in u tu re e dition s f . From man y sides the de sire has been expressed that this little wor shou ld be made acce ssi l to t h En l h u li For this k b e e gis p b c . pu rpose the co -Operation Of the second of the u ndersign ed was O taine d To him is du e the e xte nsive la ou r Of recalcu lat in all b .