Published by the Astronomical League Vol. 71, No. 2 March 2019 REMEMBERING BILL BOGARDUS PHOTOGRAPHING THE MOON 7.20.69 5 YEARS TREASURES OF THE LINDA HALL LIBRARY APOLLO 11 THE COSMIC WEB ONOMY T STR O T A H G E N P I E Contents G O N P I L R E B 4 . Reflector Mail ASTRONOMY DAY Join a Tour This Year! 4 . President’s Corner May 11 & 5 . International Dark-Sky Association From 37,000 feet above the Pacific Total Eclipse Flight: Chile October 5, 2019 6 . Night Sky Network Ocean, you’ll be high above any clouds, July 2, 2019 For a FREE 76-page seeing up to 3¼ minutes of totality in a dark sky that makes the Sun’s corona look 6 . Deep-Sky Objects Astronomy Day Handbook incredibly dramatic. Our flight will de- full of ideas and suggestions, part from and return to Santiago, Chile. 9 . Remembering Bill Bogardus skyandtelescope.com/2019eclipseflight go to: 10 . From Around the League www.astroleague.org Click on "Astronomy Day” African Stargazing Safari Join astronomer Stephen James PAGE 19 13 . Observing Awards Scroll down to "Free O’Meara in wildlife-rich Botswana July 29–August 4, 2019 Astronomy Day Handbook" for evening stargazing and daytime 14 . Basic Small-Scope Lunar Imaging safari drives at three luxury field For more information, contact: camps. Only 16 spaces available! 18 . The Vault of Heaven – Gary Tomlinson Optional extension to Victoria Falls. ̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨̨Treasures of the Linda Hall Library Astronomy Day Coordinator skyandtelescope.com/botswana2019 [email protected] 24 . The Cosmic Web Iceland Aurorae 27 . Coming Events September 26–October 2, 2019 29, 30 . Gallery This is our 6th year running this popular PAGE 30 tour of Iceland. Visit historic sites, gey- sers, and towering waterfalls with a guide; Cover image: Andrew Klinger (Texas Astronomical Society) at night, seek the fabled northern lights. took this image of M31 from dark sites in Texas and Fine restaurants and hotels await you. Oklahoma using a William Optics GT81 (reduced to skyandtelescope.com/iceland2019 f/4.7, 382 mm) with a ZWO ASI1600MM-Cool CMOS camera. Australian Observatories Travel Down Under to tour top OITHv6 – fully updated October 1–9, 2019 observatories, including Siding and the NEW Goals/Log/Sketch Book Spring and “The Dish” at Parkes. Details and ordering only at Go wine-tasting, hike in nature re- www.birrendesign.com The Astronomical League Magazine Tel: 630-336-5321 serves, and explore eclectic Sydney and Australia’s capital, Canberra. Vol. 71, No. 2 • ISSN: 0034-2963 • March 2019 Plus: Stargaze under Southern A FEDERATION OF ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETIES skies. Options to Great Barrier A NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION Reef and Uluru, or Ayers Rock. To promote the science of astronomy skyandtelescope.com/australia2019 • By fostering astronomical education, Uluru & Sydney Opera House: Tourism Australia; observatory: Winton Gibson • by providing incentives for astronomical observation and research, and See all S&T tours at skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-travel • By assisting communication among amateur astronomical societies. Astronomical League National Office: 9201 Ward Parkway, Suite 100, Kansas City, MO 64114 (rules of succession per our bylaws), and Carroll position with the League. There is an immediate activity. According to Gaston, “explicit steps need are affected by artificial light at night. In some Iorg, past president, was appointed the new vice opening for his replacement. If you wish to sup- to be taken to limit these impacts [of artificial cases, they are attracted to lit buildings, bridges, Reflector Mail president. This was the first time in our 70+ years port your League, requirements are in the From light at night], which vary according to the and towers, endlessly circling them until they that an officer died in office. A very sad time Around the League section, under “Volunteers intensity, spectrum, spatial extent, and temporal become exhausted and fall to the ground. In other QUARTERLY PUBLICATION OF THE ASTRONOMICAL LEAGUE To the League Board of Directors: indeed. It was encouraging to see that our bylaws Needed.” dynamics of this lighting.” instances, they are injured or killed by flying into Issued by the Astronomical League in March, June, September, and On behalf of the Everglades Astronomical covered such an event, and the positions were Clear skies and smooth sailing, There are two components of artificial light lit structures. Some birds lose their stellar land- December, Reflector (ISSN: 0034-2963) is sent directly, either by postal mail or via a digital link, to each individual member of its Society, Inc., I want to thank you for bestowing filled rather smoothly. We are developing plans —Ron Kramer at night: direct emissions from outdoor lighting marks, causing them to using more energy than affiliate societies and to members-at-large as a benefit of League for our future growth and look forward to the necessary to find their way along their migration membership. Individual copies of Reflector are available at the upon our community the Jack Horkheimer Library Astronomical League President sources and skyglow. Direct emission of light following subscription rates, payable to the League’s national office. Telescope. years ahead. from unshielded sources can travel for miles, paths. PAPER SUBSCRIPTIONS: I want to thank John Goss for his contributions making this light a problem in both urban and In some regions, there has been a catastroph- USA & possessions: $3.00 each or $10.00 per year (4 issues) After much and careful consideration, our Canada: $5.00 each or $16.00 per year and leadership as president for the past four years International rural areas. Skyglow is caused by upward-emitted ic loss in insect population compared to earlier Mexico: $6.00 each or $22.00 per year board decided to award the telescope to the Other countries: $7.00 each or $25.00 per year Collier County Library System. The library has a and appreciate his wisdom during these trying light that is scattered by dust, gas, and water in decades. The cause and extent of this is unknown, DIGITAL SUBSCRIPTIONS: times. I also wish to thank Carroll Iorg for accept- the atmosphere. Skyglow is enough to obscure the but this phenomenon is just now being studied All countries, possessions, and territories: $10.00 per year program that allows each library branch through- Dark-Sky out the system to borrow the telescope. This ing the role of vice president. His prior experience Milky Way, which may be used for orientation by and is most concerning. Moths that are attracted REFLECTOR AND CLUB ROSTER DEADLINES gives access of the telescope to the whole com- as both president and vice president made him a some nocturnal animals. The bright direct emis- to light or are mostly active at night may have March issue January 1 Association June issue April 1 munity. In addition, our society and the library logical choice for the appointment. sions in suburban and urban areas can be strong been especially affected. There is considerable September issue July 1 December issue October 1 are working in partnership to train staff and e are working on ALCon 2019, which Bill enough to confuse the diurnal and nocturnal anecdotal evidence that nocturnal light that at- Written and graphic material from this publication may be reprinted only present astronomy programs to the community. Bogardus initially proposed. A unique LIGHTING UP THE NIGHTTIME rhythms of many animals. The illuminance levels tracts circling insects alters the balance of the in- for non-profit benefit of interested parties, provided specific credit is given W to the writer(s), Reflector, and the Astronomical League. Any other use of in urban and suburban areas from direct emission sect population in an area and attracts predators, Our deepest appreciation goes out to all those idea, combining our annual convention with a mateur and professional astronomers have material, including graphics and photographs, is subject to express of lighting vary from about 10 to 100 lux. These such as other insects, lizards, and toads, which permission from the Editor and the Astronomical League. who have made this gift possible. three-day Bahamas cruise, was readily accepted Ą̨long known artificial light at night has to by the executive council. If you plan to attend, be reduced. The health and ecological effects of levels are limited to the immediate vicinity of have an easier time catching prey than previously. NATIONAL OFFICERS —Denise Sabatini the emitting source. Bright skyglow is around 0.2 President President, Everglades Astronomical Society note that most of the rooms on the ship have been light pollution and light trespass are just now ight pollution tends to decrease over urban Ron Kramer filled, and there are only a handful remaining at being more widely recognized by scientists other to 0.5 lux, which is not trivial, considering the ̨areas over the course of the night, while in 9520 Dragonfly Avenue • Las Cruces, NM 88012 L 520-500-7295 • [email protected] our very special price. Once the specially priced than astronomers and a small cadre of biologists full moon on a clear night has an illuminance of a more natural environment, the sky becomes Vice President around 0.1 lux. Carroll Iorg rooms are gone, the only rooms remaining at that concerned about the effects of nighttime lighting lighter as the Moon rises and darker as it sets. 9201 Ward Parkway, Suite 100 • Kansas City, MO 64114; Dues Reminder time will be at full retail price. on plants, nocturnal animals, and insects. iological responses to lighting are spectrum This alteration of the natural swings in darkness 816-444-4878 • [email protected] ̨dependent. A wide spectrum emission may affect the biological activity of animals and Secretary This ALCon will be different in other ways.