BUILDING CAPACITY TO INSURE AGAINST DISASTER IN TUVALU Consultants Report SOPAC Technical Report 380 June 2005 This Study was funded by the Government of Taiwan/ROC DISCLAIMER The mention of products, technologies, companies does not imply recommendation or endorsement by SOPAC, neither does it imply that these are necessarily the best available for the purpose. SOPAC Cataloguing-in-publication Data: Shorten, Graham Building capacity to insure against disaster in Tuvalu/Graham Shorten, Susanne Schmall, & Stephen Oliver. – Suva: SOPAC, 2005. 140 p.: ill.; 30 cm ISSN: 1605-4377 1. Hazard assessment – Pacific Islands 2. Disaster management – Tuvalu I. Schmall, Susanne II. Oliver, Stephen III. SOPAC Technical Report 380 IV. Title Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................4 PART 1 – FIRST MISSION, MARCH 2004 1. Introduction and Approach ...............................................................................................................7 2. Preliminary Assessment of Disaster Risk and Vulnerability in Nikulaelae 2.1 Reasons for choosing Nukulaelae as project area ..............................................................10 2.2 Population and Institutions in Nukulaelae .........................................................................11 2.3 Felt Disaster vulnerability and preparedness .....................................................................12 3. Disaster Related Problems and Potential Solutions in Nukulaelae 3.1 Housing ..............................................................................................................................14 3.2 Agriculture and Fisheries ...................................................................................................14 3.3 Coastal Erosion ..................................................................................................................16 3.4 Water Supply ......................................................................................................................17 3.5 Sanitation ...........................................................................................................................19 3.6 Solid Waste ........................................................................................................................20 4. Preparation of Workshops in June 2004 4.1 Proposed Time Schedule for June/July 2004 .....................................................................21 4.2 Workshop Facilitation Team ..............................................................................................23 4.3 Participants for the Workshop ............................................................................................26 4.4 Budget for Community Workshop and Multi-Stakeholder Workshop ..............................27 4.5 Potential mitigation options to emphasize on at the Workshop .........................................27 4.6 Next Project Steps for the Workshop Preparation .............................................................28 Appendices 1: Resource Persons and Organizations Contacted ...............................................................29 2: Documents Reviewed ........................................................................................................30 PART 2 – SECOND MISSION, JUNE 2004 1. Objectives and Workplan ...............................................................................................................31 2. Conclusions 2.1 Workshop in Funafuti ........................................................................................................35 2.2 Co-operation with the other disaster reduction programs ..................................................35 2.3 Promotion of Project Proposals ..........................................................................................36 PART 3 – ANNEXES Annex 1: Workshop Report: "Disaster Vulnerability and Mitigation Workshop, Funafuti”.................................38 Annex 2: Presentation on Cyclone Hazard to the Disaster Vulnerability and Mitigation Workshop....................57 Annex 3: Proposals for Risk Treatment Projects (RESTRICTED, no circulation outside the SOPAC Secretariat) .......................................................................................................................................64 Annex 4: Photo Documentation to Complement the Project Proposals for Tuvalu...............................................65 Annex 5: Presentation prepared for the National Summit on SustainableDevelopment (NSSD) in Funafuti in July, 2004, to be given by the National Disaster Coordinator (RESTRICTED, no circulation outside the SOPAC Secretariat).......................................................................................................70 Annex 6: Tuvalu Wave Risk Study – Global Environmental Modelling Systems (GEMS) Report 29/04, June 2005..................................................................................................................................................71 Executive summary This Technical Report titled “Building Capacity to Insure against Disaster in Tuvalu” describes the method and outcomes of the Taiwan/ROC funded project and its two missions. During the first mission in March 2004, institutional appraisals and workshop preparations were carried out. The project combines hazard assessment for a pilot area as well as vulnerability assessment and community disaster mitigation planning in a selected community in Tuvalu. It is of vital importance for this project and the outcomes to integrate into the existing activities in the field of disaster assessment; preparedness and relief planned and carried out by the Tuvalu government, by Non- Government Organisations and regional development programs. The project seeks cooperation with other programmes in order to combine strengths and to optimise the allocation of funds. Hence the project will coordinate closely with existing SOPAC, FSPI and disaster-related programs and initiate a community participatory process to ascertain the needs of communities in relation to preparation and response to disasters. The main objective of the second mission, in June 2004, was to carry out a community and multi-stakeholder workshop on disaster vulnerability and mitigation for the communities on the island of Fongafale in Funafuti atoll, Tuvalu. A detailed workshop report is attached as Annex 1, and a presentation to that workshop as Annex 2. Following the analysis of the results of the workshop, a summary of mitigation issues was developed and is detailed in Annex 3*. Annex 4 forms a photo-documentation to the mitigation issues. Annex 5* is a copy of the presentation made to the Tuvalu National Summit on Sustainable Development during the period of the second mission; and Annex 6 is the recently received (June 2005) Tuvalu Wave Risk Study carried out by the Global Environmental Modelling Systems (GEMS). * Annexes 3 and 5 are RESTRICTED, and not for circulation outside the SOPAC Secretariat. PART 1 – FIRST MISSION, MARCH 2004 Taiwan-ROC funded project Building Capacity to Insure against Disasters in Pacific Island Countries (Tuvalu) South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) Project Duration: February-July, 2004 Report on First Mission 7-16th March, 2004 “Institutional Appraisal and Preparation of Workshops” Dr Susanne Schmall Geo-Ecologist, Community Adviser Ebergoetzen, March 2004 6 1. Introduction and Approach The first mission of the ROC-funded project “Building Capacity to Insure against Disasters in the Pacific Islands (Tuvalu)” by the South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) (hereafter in this text referred to as “the project”) was carried out in March 2004. The team was made up of consultants Dr Graham Shorten and Dr Susanne Schmall contracted by SOPAC and accompanied by Mr Noud Leenders from the SOPAC Community Risk Programme. The project combines hazard assessment for a pilot area as well as vulnerability assessment and community disaster mitigation planning in a selected community in Tuvalu. It is of vital importance for this project to integrate into the existing activities in the field of disaster assessment; preparedness and relief planned and carried out by the Tuvalu government, by Non-Government Organisations and regional development programs. The project seeks cooperation with other programmes in order to combine strengths and to optimise the allocation of funds. Hence the project will coordinate closely with existing SOPAC, FSPi and disaster-related programs and initiate a community participatory process to ascertain the needs of communities in relation to preparation and response to disasters. During this mission from 8-15th March, 2004 in Funafuti, an institutional appraisal was carried out (Appendix 1) in order to obtain a preliminary assessment of risk and disaster vulnerability, and preparedness as well as potential mitigation solutions for a pilot community (Chapter 2 and 3). The team is very grateful of having been accompanied and supported greatly by the Disaster Coordinator Sumeo Silu, National Disaster Management Unit, who organized all meetings during the week The objective of this week was to prepare (1) a community vulnerability and mitigation planning workshop to develop mitigation projects aimed at providing risk-treatment solutions to the problems identified as well as (2) a multi-stakeholder workshop in Funafuti to discuss implementation