Art school 1 Art school Art school is a general term for any educational institution with a primary focus on the visual arts, especially illustration, painting, photography, sculpture, and graphic design. The term applies to institutions with elementary, secondary, post-secondary or undergraduate, or graduate or postgraduate programs in these areas. They are distinguished from larger institutions which also may offer majors or degrees in the visual arts, but only as one part of a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). France's École des Beaux-Arts is, perhaps, the first model for such organized instruction, breaking with a tradition of master and 1881 painting by Marie Bashkirtseff, In the apprentice instruction when it was formed. Studio, depicts an art school life drawing session, Dnipropetrovsk State Art Museum, If accredited as a college, most art schools grant a bachelor of fine arts, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine bachelor of arts, or bachelor of science degree. Associate degrees and professional diploma programs are common as well. Art schools Art and design schools in the United States In the U.S., art and design schools that offer bachelor of fine arts or Master of Fine Arts degrees break down into basic types with some overlap and variations. The most highly rated schools belong to a consortium formed in 1991 and called the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design (AICAD). These schools differ from for-profit career schools in that they require a strong component of liberal arts courses in addition to art and design courses, providing a well-rounded college degree. Student Cast Painting after Nike Academy of [1] Classical Design , Southern Pines, North Carolina Baum School of Art in Allentown, Pennsylvania Art school 2 There also are partnerships between art schools and universities such as School of the Art Institute of Chicago with Roosevelt University, the New England School of Art and Design at Suffolk University, Art Institute of Boston at Lesley University, the Rhode Island School of Design with Brown University, Maryland Institute College of Art and Johns Hopkins University, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in conjunction with Tufts University, Tyler School of Art at Temple University, Parsons The New School for Design at The New School, or Herron School of Art at Indiana University. Life drawing class taught by Jerry Weiss (in red) There is one state-supported independent art school in the U.S., at the Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts, Massachusetts College of Art and Design. The first Art School in the photograph by Jim Falconer U.S. is the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) [2]. Cooper Union in New York City is among the most selective of art schools, admitting 4%, with every student on full scholarship. The Yale School of Art at Yale University offers only graduate instruction in its two-year MFA programs. The Yale Daily News reported on Thursday, February 1, 2007 that the School had 1215 applications for its class of 2009 and would offer admission to fifty-five students. Next up the scale in size for an art school would be a large art or design department, school, or college at a university. If it is a college, such as the College of Design, [3] at Iowa State University typically, it would contain programs that teach studio art, graphic design, photography, architecture, landscape architecture, interior design, or interior architecture, as well as art, design, and architectural history areas. Sometimes these are simply the schools of art, architecture, and design such as those at the College of Fine and Applied Arts at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign or the Yale School of Art. With over 3,000 students, VCU School of the Arts at Virginia Commonwealth University is one of the largest art schools in the nation and is also has achieved the highest ranking ever for a public university.[4][5][6] Variation exists among art schools that are larger institutions, however, the essential element is that programs at universities tend to include more liberal arts courses and slightly less studio work, when compared to dedicated, but independent, schools of art. The final and most common type of art school, a state supported or private program, would be at a university or college. It typically is a BA program, but also might be a BFA, MA, or MFA. These programs tend to emphasize a more general degree in art and do not require a major in a specific field, but might offer concentrations. A concentration is not accepted by some accrediting or professional organizations as being adequate preparation in some fields that would lead to success as a professional. This is the case for graphic design, where typically, the minimal degree is a BFA major in graphic design. Many of the degree-offering institutions do not offer intense training in classical realism and academic painting and drawing. The Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts is considered a collegiate version of this educational model. This gap is filled by Atelier art schools (schools located inside an artist's studio) or in separate locations, such as the New York Academy of Art, the National Academy of Design, the New York Studio School, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA), established 1805, the Art Students League of New York, established in 1875, and the Academy of Classical Design [1]. Art school 3 Australia • School of Arts, La Trobe University • Adelaide Central School of Art[7] • Sydney Art School[8] • National Art School (NAS) • College Of Fine Arts, (UNSW) • Sydney College of the Arts (USYD) Canada In Canada, there are four standalone Art and Design Universities. They are, Emily Carr University of Art and Design[9] in Vancouver, NSCAD University[10] in Halifax, OCAD University[11] in Toronto, and Alberta College of Art and Design[12] in Calgary. Emily Carr university has the most active research program[13] among the four with over 15 million dollars in research funding over the last five years. OCAD University's research intensity has reached 3.2 million dollars in 2011/12. All four schools teach in the major disciplines from painting through to new media and design. All four are public institutions with OCAD the largest followed by Emily Carr. Over the last five years, Emily Carr has garnered the most of the major awards for students and alums across the country. The most recent RBC Painting Competition was won by Vanessa Maltese, a graduate of OCAD University. OCAD has been very successful in the development of its graduate area with Emily Carr a close second. NSCAD has a long tradition of graduate teaching and learning. Sweden From early rock carvings of 7000BC to Renaissance, Rococo, Gustavian, Naturalism and world renowned Impressionism, Sweden has produced more art per capita than most regions of the world. During the 20th century, particularly following WWII, Sweden's interest in Modernism and Expressionism grew. With the advent of super realism on screen and in gaming at the turn of the century into 2000, realism as a contemporary form has taken a new stronghold. Among famous Swedish artists are Johan Tobias Sergel, Carl Milles, Anders Zorn, Carl Larsson and Carl Eldh. Art schools have a long history in Sweden and they support a breadth of styles and philosophies. Students may attend the Royal Institute of Art [14] which got its start in 1735. Established in 1844 originally as a part-time art school for Sunday artisans, the University College of Arts, Crafts and Design [15] known as "Konstfack" is a respected arts college offering bachelors and masters degrees in ceramics, glass, textiles, metalworking, and more. Since 2000, several studio schools and vocational art schools have started in Sweden. SARA, the Swedish Academy of Realist Art [16], is a contemporary atelier whose students follow a rigorous skills program dedicated to realism. United Kingdom In the United Kingdom, a great number of such institutions exist, differing in size, number, and administration. Perhaps those generally felt most applicable to the definition of 'art school', however, are the autonomous colleges or schools of art offering courses across both further and higher education boundaries, of which there are approximately eighteen, under the banner of United Kingdom Art & Design Institutions Association [17]. Others, whose existence ties in indelibly with that of larger, non-discipline-specific universities (such as the Slade School of Art) exist. Most art schools of either orientation are equipped to offer opportunities spanning from post-16 to postgraduate level. The range of colleges span from predominantly further education establishments to research-led specialist institutes. The University of the Arts London, for example, is a federally structured institution that comprises six previously independent schools situated in London. These include Camberwell College of Arts, Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design, Chelsea College of Art and Design, London College of Communication, London College of Fashion, and Wimbledon College of Art; others include The Slade School of Fine Art, The Royal College of Art and Art school 4 Goldsmiths College, University of London, which each grant undergraduate and postgraduate awards under one collegiate arm. The Royal College of Art with its degree-awarding arm and singular focus on postgraduate awards being a most singular exception. Outside of London Art Schools in the UK include Academy of Realist Art UK [18], Edinburgh College of Art, Hereford College of Arts, Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art & Design, Glasgow School of Art, Birmingham Institute of Art and Design, Coventry School of Art and Design, Norwich University of the Arts, Falmouth University, Plymouth College of Art and Design and Loughborough University School of Art and Design among others.