PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THEME REFLECTED FROM METAPHORS IN AVRIL LAVIGNE’S SONG “SK8ER BOI” AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By IRENE PUTRI LARATSEMI 154214115 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI THEME REFLECTED FROM METAPHORS IN AVRIL LAVIGNE’S SONG “SK8ER BOI” AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By IRENE PUTRI LARATSEMI Student Number: 154214115 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Believe that God’s timing is perfect. vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For PAPA & MAMA And Depressed and unmotivated old Irene. Girl, you did it. viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS God has given me enough I shall praise His name in every aspect of my life. Life is not an easy journey, but my very first gratitude goes to Jesus Christ for always listening to my unintelligent complaints and madness I made by myself. He has guided and made me hold on to everything. Thanks God, I finally finished my undergraduate thesis. My gratitude is also addressed to Anna Fitriati S.Pd., M.Hum., as my advisor who patiently guided me and help me in writing this undergraduate thesis. Also to my co-advisor, Arina Isti’anah, S.Pd., M.Hum., I am thankful for the helpful advices. This undergraduate thesis is presented primarily for Papa and Mama who fully supported me through their prayers and fulfilled everything I need during my study. I am also blessed by having friends in English Letters Department who always encourage yet discourage each other in the way that I love. Thank you, guys. Irene Putri Laratsemi ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................ ii APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................. iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ........................................................................................ iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ..................................................................... v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH .. vi MOTTO PAGE ................................................................................................... vii DEDICATION PAGE ........................................................................................ viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ xiii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ xiv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study .......................................................................... 1 B. Problem Formulation ................................................................................ 5 C. Objectives of the Study ............................................................................ 5 D. Definition of Terms .................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ..................................................... 8 A. Review of Related Studies ..................................................................... 8 B. Review of Related Theories ................................................................. 11 1. Semantics ....................................................................................... 11 2. Metaphor ........................................................................................ 13 a. Nominal Metaphor ................................................................... 17 b. Predicative Metaphor ............................................................... 18 c. Sentential Metaphor ................................................................. 19 3. Theory of Theme ............................................................................ 20 C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................ 21 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ................................................................... 23 A. Object of the Study............................................................................... 23 B. Approach of the Study ......................................................................... 24 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI C. Method of the Study ............................................................................. 24 1. Data Collection ............................................................................... 24 2. Data Analysis.................................................................................. 25 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ........................ 25 A. Metaphorical Expressions in Avril Lavigne’s “Sk8er Boi” ................. 25 1. Nominal Metaphor ......................................................................... 26 2. Predicative Metaphor ..................................................................... 37 3. Sentential Metaphor ....................................................................... 46 B. The Theme of Avril Lavigne’s “Sk8er Boi” ........................................ 48 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ........................................................................... 53 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................... 55 APPENDICES ...................................................................................................... 57 Appendix 1: “Sk8er Boi” Lyrics ................................................................ 57 Appendix 2: The Classification of the Metaphorical Expressions ............. 58 Appendix 3: The Meaning of the Metaphors in Avril Lavigne’s Sk8er Boi Song ...................................................................... 59 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LIST OF TABLES No. Table Page 1. Table 1. Example of the Analysis of Metaphor 22 2. Table 2. Types of Metaphor in Avril Lavigne’s Song “Sk8er Boi” 24 3. Table 3. Nominal Metaphor 25 4. Table 4. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “He Was A Punk” 27 5. Table 5. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “She Did Ballet” 27 6. Table 6. Analysis of Metaphor “They Have A Problem with 28 His Baggy Clothes” 7. Table 7. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “They Have A 29 Problem with His Baggy Clothes” 8. Table 8. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “He Was A 30 Sk8er Boi” 9. Table 9. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “She Has a Pretty 31 Face, But Her Head Was Up in Space” 10. Table 10. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “Five Years from 32 Now, She Sits at Home” 11. Table 11. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “And 33 They’ve All Got Tickets to See His Show” 12. Table 12. Predicative Metaphor 34 13. Table 13. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “But All of 35 Her Friends Stuck Up Their Nose” 14. Table 14. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “She Said 36 “See You Later, Boy”” 15. Table 15. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “Come 37 Back Down to Earth” 16. Table 16. Analysis of Metaphoric Expression “Sk8er Boi 38 Rocking Up MTV” 17. Table 17. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “She Tags 39 Along” 18. Table 18. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “Looks up at 40 The Man That She Turned Down” 19. Table 19. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “Now 41 He’s A Superstar, Slamming on His Guitar” 20. Table 20. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “There Is 42 More Than Meets the Eye” 21. Table 21. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “Haven't 43 You Heard How We Rock Each Other’s World?” 22. Table 22. Analysis of Metaphor “Feeding the Baby, She’s 44 All Alone” 23. Table 23. Analysis of Metaphorical Expression “She Has a Pretty 45 Face, But Her Head Was Up in Space” xii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT LARATSEMI, IRENE PUTRI. (2019). Theme Reflected from Metaphors in Avril Lavigne’s Song “Sk8er Boi”. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. Music helps people express their experiences, feelings, and thoughts which are best described through song lyrics. Song lyrics are written in literal and non- literal meaning. Through song lyrics, the song carries a message that the songwriter tried to deliver. The message of the song represents the theme of the song. As mentioned before, some songwriters write their song uses literal language, and some songwriters use figurative language specifically metaphor in their songs. Avril Lavigne is known to have a straight-talking style, but as a singer and songwriter, she also uses metaphors in her songs. This research aims to discover the used of