VII. INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP on NUCLEAR STRUCTURE PROPERTIES October 27-29, 2014 Sinop,Turkey Sponsors TAEK (Turkish Atomic Energy Foundation) Sinop University TUBİTAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) 1 Honorary Committee Yavuz Selim KÖŞGER (Governor of Sinop) Prof.Dr. Recep BİRCAN (President of Sinop University) Zafer ALPER (President of TAEK) 2 Scientific Committee Prof.Dr. İhsan ULUER, Karabük University Prof.Dr. Gülsen ÖNENGÜT, Çukurova University Prof.Dr. Nurullah KUMRU, Ege University Prof.Dr. Ömer YAVAŞ, Ankara University Prof.Dr. Salim ORAK, İstanbul Commerce University Prof.Dr. Cevad SELAM, Muş Alparslan University Prof.Dr. Osman ÖZCAN, Muş Alparslan University Prof.Dr. Atalay KÜÇÜKBURSA, Dumlupınar University Prof.Dr. Saim SELVİ, Ege University Prof.Dr. Murat ÖZER, Kırklareli University Prof.Dr. Ali ÇOBAN, Kırklareli University Prof.Dr. Saleh SULTANSOY, TOBB University of Economics and Technology Prof.Dr. Osman YILMAZ, Middle East Technical University Prof.Dr. Sefa ERTÜRK, Niğde University Prof.Dr. Hasan GÜMÜŞ, Ondokuz Mayıs University Prof.Dr. Nazmi Turan OKUMUŞOĞLU, Ondokuz Mayıs University Prof.Dr. Mahmut DOĞRU, Bitlis Eren University Prof.Dr. Güneş TANIR, Gazi University Prof.Dr. Rıza OĞUL, Selçuk University Prof.Dr. Tahsin BABACAN, Celal Bayar University Prof.Dr. İsmail MARAŞ, Celal Bayar University Prof.Dr. Recep AKKAYA, Sakarya University Prof.Dr. Mustafa HALİLSOY, Doğu Akdeniz University Prof.Dr. İsmail BOZTOSUN, Akdeniz University Prof.Dr. A. Hakan YILMAZ, Karadeniz Technical University Assoc.Prof.Dr. Nihal BÜYÜKÇİZMECİ, Selçuk University Assoc.Prof.Dr. Nurettin TÜRKAN, İstanbul Medeniyet University Assoc.Prof.Dr. Harun Reşit YAZAR, Nevşehir University Assoc.Prof.Dr. Mahmut BÖYÜKATA, Çanakkale On Sekiz Mart University 3 Local Organizing Committee Assoc.Prof.Dr. C. Cüneyt ERSANLI Sinop University Assist.Prof.Dr. Tuncay BAYRAM Sinop University Assist.Prof.Dr. Serkan AKKOYUN Cumhuriyet University Assist.Prof.Dr. Necla ÇAKMAK Karabük University Assist.Prof.Dr. S. Okan KARA Niğde University Assist.Prof.Dr. Ayhan KARA Sinop University Res.Assist. Onur Rauf YILMAZ Sinop University 4 Invited Speakers Prof.Dr. Ali EKBER KULİEV (The National Aviation Academy of Azerbaijan, AZERBAIJAN) Prof.Dr. Cevad SELAM (Muş Alparslan University, TURKEY) Prof.Dr. Erol ARCAKLIOGLU (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) Prof.Dr. İsmail BOZTOSUN (Akdeniz University, TURKEY) Prof.Dr. Jameel-Un NABI (Gulham Ishak Khan Institute, PAKISTAN) Prof.Dr. Osman YILMAZ (Middle East Technical University, TURKEY) Prof.Dr. Takhmasib M. ALİEV (Middle East Technical University, TURKEY) Dr. Lorenzo FORTUNATO (Padova University, ITALY) Salih SARI (The Republic of Turkey The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, Turkey) 5 Sinop: Land of Secret Treasures cultures. It’s fascinated with its both natural and cultural richness. There is a peninsula in this fascinating peninsula, A town at the end of Turkey on the north, named Sinop. Sinop peninsula has a smaller When I came Sinop at first time, the road of the town was peninsula named Boztepe Peninsula. Boztepe Peninsula is lost, as if it couldn’t be reached. The bus was floating in sea connected with a narrow land bridge to Sinop Peninsula. of green on the mountains.. There was only serenity in this There is a town whose name is same as name of the forgetten landscape. All tones of green covered the peninsula: Sinop, or Sinope in English. mountain. It was spring, and be sure I don’t mention about first ages of the humankind. I saw a town at the end of that endless road. The road was ended in Sinop and Sinop looked like a far end of the land and friend of the sea. It was just nine years ago and the road I mentioned is more alone nowadays! New road of Sinop is crossing the mountains by a tunnel, so the old and hard road on the montains was put in memoirs. The old road I used in first visit to Sinop in 2005 was the main road. It connected Sinop to rest of Turkey. You had to be patient to travel on this route! The second route to Sinop comes from eastern part of town, from the direction of Samsun. There was also hard mountain pass on this route. These two routes and the other one, which comes from western side and still terrible, were ended Sinop. So, as A view from Sinop (Photo: Alpay Tırıl). you understand, Sinop was not a Rome where every road meets each other. Sinop is still at the end of land, not on main routes. It is bordered by unpassible mountains, maybe Greek mythology said that, Zeus, main god of it’s best to say prisoned between unpassible mountains and ancient Greek pantheon, had loved a beautiful Godess the Black Sea. The condition of unaccessiblity had been Sinope. She wanted from Zeus to keep her virginity. Zeus building Sinop. The reason why this small town and its accepted and put her in a special and beautiful landscape. environs are unurbanized, unindustrialized, on the other Guess where Zeus put Godess Sinope in? hand sacred and secret… Sinop have been a sea town during the history. The mountains sealed, it was not passible. That’s why Sinop was isolated from Anatolia. This isolation made the city as an exile place and prisoner. In addition that The Crimean War (1853-1856) was influnced the city negatively. The road connections of Sinop has been developing for a few years. The other important step is the possibility of air transportation. Those kinds of transportation advantages help Sinop to become a new touristic destination in Turkish tourism market. Sinop is really excited domestic tourists due to most of the Turks haven’t seen and even known Sinop. It was unknown geography, an isolated small town for centuries even in Turkey! And suddenly a soap opera, was broadcasted a few years in a Turkish television channel, which had filmed in historical Sinop prison that was brought Sinop to most of the house in Turkey: There was a secret, small town in Turkey; secret town and sacred nature near it! I said “a kingdom by the sea” for Sinop as an famous poem says somewhere else in dreamland. As a result, Sinop became an important destination in Turkish tourism market. People would like to know what Sinop looks like?.. Would you like to know what Sinop looks like?.. Head of Godess Sinope in Sinop Museum (Photo: Alpay Tırıl). A marvellous peninsula in a marvellous peninsula One Province, Two World Anatolia is a peninsula among old continental world, so it has been a bridge for all kind of plants, animals, people and Sinop Province, where on the north of Turkey and coast of Black Sea, is one of the smallest provinces of 6 Turkey. The morphology of the province is mostly Sinop City mountaned and population density is lower. Northern Sinop is one of the important towns of ancient word. The Anatolian Mountain Range is laid paralel wall to Black Sea, history of the town is very old but not that clear. Its name seperates northern and southern part of province. This was Sinuwa in Hittite tablets. But it is not clear Sinuwa is in seperation is not only geographical, also cultural. Southern completly same place in modern Sinop. The town was part of the mountains belongs to terrestrial Anatolia about colonized by Miletus, an Ionian city state on Aegean Coast cultural aspects. Northern part of mountains has different in seventh century BC. Sinop had been important port town cultural structure. during the ancient period. Most walls of the actual Sinop There are three counties of the province, Boyabat, Castle are from this period. Durağan and Saraydüzü in this southern part. Geography, Diogenes of Sinope, famous cynic philosopher plant cover and culture of this part are different from coastal borned in Sinop in ancient era. It is estimated that he was zone. Boyabat is the biggest town of this zone. It is brick born in 413 BC and died in 324. He went to Athens with his industry center. Gökırmak River that one of the creek of the father when he was a child. He is most known representative longest river of Turkey, Kızılırmak which flows in this zone. of cynics. There is a statue of him in Sinop. Because of that Gökırmak Plain is an important rice fields. Northern part of the mountains has been in the influence of the sea as biological and cultural. But due to disadvantages of transportation during the history, that part of the province has not been developed economically. This condition caused to immigration. Fishery, agriculture and forestry have been important economic activities of this part during the history. Sinop is an important fishery center in Turkey today. Sinop, Erfelek, Ayancık, Türkeli, Gerze and Dikmen are counties of the province in this part. The new road which passes the mountain wall by a tunnel connected two side of the province easily. And the airport was opened for domestic flights again. So accesibility of Sinop city become easier for last 5-6 years. The aim of the Sinop is to develop tourism and become a university town. Some Landscapes From Sinop Sinop has a lot of impressive landscapes. It is possible to see in photographs of them on different web sites. Most of them is important for biodiversity. Some of them are combined with historical landscapes. Diogenes Statue in Sinop (Photo: Alpay Tırıl). There are a lot of Mediterranean trees, shrubs and other plant live in Sinop. This fact is amazing and makes more important to Sinop. Another important figure of ancient era from Sinop There are lots of impressive mountain vistas, is Pontus King Mithridates Eupator (120-63 BC). He coastal vistas, forests, valleys, highlands, caves, waterfalls, stopped Rome Empire in Anatolia for a while. lakes and ponds, wetlands, dunes, rockies, castles, Ancient Sinop is in beneath the modern city.