’ dtbe £uilb er b tufimt s s wim. CARP ENTRY AND J O I NERY . A X - BO O K FO R R C HI C N G IN R TE T A TE TS , E EE S , - S R VE Y O R S A N D R F M N . U , C A TS E FULL Y I LLUS T R A T E D A N D W R ITTE N BY B A R F FLE T C HE R N I ST E . , A ssociat e of the R oyal I nstitu te of B r iti sh A r chitects Vi ce - P r e sid ent ' o the A r ch i te ctu r al A ssocia tion oi nt A u thor A Histor o f j , y f A r chite ctu r e Lectu r e r on A r chitectu r e and B u ild ing ’ ’ C onstr uction and D ir e ctor o the Stu d io i n s , f , g ine i n ar e ntr d . ate xam r C C oll . , Lon L E p y and joine ry to the C ity and Gu ild s n nstitu te of Lond o I , 63 c A N D H P HI LL I P S FLE T C HE R . , A ssociate of the R oyal I nstitu te of B r itish A r chite cts ; Fe llow of the ’ ’ S u rveyor s I nstitu tion D i r ector of the C ity C ompanies T r ad es T r aini n S chool Gr e at T itch eld Str e e t W. g , fi , ntit S u r ve in fif e Lectu r er on Qu a y y g, , ’ int u thor Kin s oll . Lond . o A g C , j , ” n ties Fletche r on Qu a ti , ~’ fs c . «S n. LO N D O N _ F T HE R I N E S T R E E D T W. O U D N 6 C . R R I I ER , 4 , A , C P R I NT E D BY L O V E A N D W MA L M E D Y N, I I T , GR E UE E S R E E w . c AT Q N T T, E P R E FA C . T HE A u th o rs are a e th a a o n s b o o k b o h ss u r d t c ci e , t fo r re fe re nc e and r th e ins tru c t io n o f u n o n fio st de ts , th e i mp o rt ant Su bject s o f C arpe ntry and J o i nery is m u h n e d T h at r are v s k fu and c e d e . th e e ery il l e l ab o rat e wo rk s o n th es e s u bjects n o b o dy co u ld “ d e ny ; b u t i t is ge nerally ad m i tted th at th e y are u m b e o m e o m t m e v b o s and at th e e c rs , s e i s er e , pres n t ti m e cert ai nly in m any ways no t in acc o rd wi th m o e rn a d p r ctic e . Wh n the r af was h a n d in s o m e o f its e c t t re te e , b an h b the n o d u o n o f o n and s t th e r c es , y i tr cti ir eel , m o r s k fu d s o s o n o f a and the m nu cal e il l i p iti p rts , i t er la o n o f s ra n b am n s and o u r T n cu ti t i s ec e eces ary, ra s At lantic b re th e rn h ave d evel o ped th e s e e s se nti al s to an no m o u s e x n as h o e who h av v d he r e r te t , t s e isite t i o u ntr h c y m u s t ave no ticed . T h e A u th o r s h ave e nd e avo u red t o m eet th e re u ire m e nt s o f th e af m an and at th e s m e m e q cr t s , a ti t o pro d u ce a w o rk th at will b e u s efu l to th e P ro fe s s io nal m an i n th e d es ign i ng o f th e vari o u s s ru u s T h h av a o nd avo u t o c o n t ct re . ey e ls e e red “ sid er th e d e s ire s o f th o se wh o are li kely to b eco m e ' cand id ates fo r the e xam inati o ns o f the C ity and ’ Gu d I ns u the C a n s C o m an a nd il s ti t t e , rpe ter p y, th e F PRE ACE . ' I s t o f ifi d ar A s o fo r C e r t e C e nte rs &c . n itu te p , l the e xam i nati o n in th ese subject s b y t h e ’ and S o s I n o n &c T h e A u h s ha th e u rvey r stitu ti , . t or ve h ad co ns id erabl e e x peri ence in e x am i ni ng c and i . d a e in s u and h f h o m t s t h ese bject s , t ey eel t at s e u h k o m h s a d d a s s c wo r w uld b e w elco e d b y t e e c n i te . T h e co nvenie nt sys te m o f T a hu lation and C om a r is on h as n u s wh e o e and o p b ee ed er p ssibl , ver 4 20 ill u strati o ns h ave be e n s pe ci ally p repared b y th A h o s o s a x e u t r t il lu t r t e th ei r t e t . T h e gre ater pa rt o f the co ntent s o f thi s b o ok o na was w fo r and a a e d in ri gi lly ritten , ppe r , th e ’ f h u i d e S t u d e n t s C o l u m n o T e B l r . F L H R B A N I R F C . STE . ET E P HI L I F H R . H. L P S LETC E rid e S re e B g t t , Lu d a C irc u s E . C N o v. 1 8 . g te , , 97 C N T E T O N S . P A G E H I - W O U SE C APTE R . VARIOUS O DS IN AND THEIR C HARACTERISTICS H I — B - . G C APTE R I TIM ER THE ROWTH , SEASONING , AND CONVERSION INTO SCANTLINGS A ~ - CH PTE R I I I . TOOLS USED IN CARPENTRY AND J OINERY - C HAPTER IV . J OINTS USED IN CARPENTRY H V C APTER . H PT vI —R o o s s I I C A ER , , . H —B C APTER VI I . RIDGES H V I I l —~ S C APTER . S HORI N G AND TRUTTING HA — C PTER I X . CENTRES H X — FF S . A N C APTE R SCA OLDING, TAGING, AND G TRIES H — B I . G C AP TER X PILLARS, EAMS , AND IRDERS H I I C APTE R X . H —F - C AP TE R X I I I . LOOR COVERINGS H —FR C AP TER X I V . AMING IN PARTITI O NS AND FRAME ' N ' CON I E I S . — H O R I . C APTER XV . NAMENTA CARPENTRY H — o I N E R v C APTER XVI . J OINTS USED IN J . HINGING H I —M C APTER XV I . OULDINGS H —D R C APTER XVI I I . OO S HA —W C PTER X IX . INDOWS H —F C APTER XX . RAMING H —S K L C APTER XXI .